scholarly journals Performance Enhancement Method for Angular Rate Measurement Based on Redundant MEMS IMUs

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xing ◽  
Xiaowei Tu ◽  
Weixing Qian ◽  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Qinghua Yang
Keyword(s):  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Rate Measurement ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mems Gyroscopes

Aiming at the low-cost, wide-range, and accurate measurement requirement for Microelectromechanical System (MEMS) Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) on a multi-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), the paper designs a heterogeneous parallel redundancy configuration scheme. In redundant MEMS IMUs, a high-cost and small-range MEMS gyroscope is combined with low-cost and large-range MEMS gyroscopes. Then, an adaptive data fusion method of redundant MEMS gyroscopes is proposed. By the designed experiments based on the simulation data and the sensor measurement data, the proposed method has been proved that it can effectively improve the angular rate measurement performance of the multi-rotor UAV and broaden the angular rate measurement range on the basis of saving the configuration cost and volume of the micro IMU.

Simultaneous Calibration for MEMS Gyroscopes of the Rocket IMU

2014 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 656-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyudi ◽  
Adhi Susanto ◽  
Wahyu Widada ◽  
Sasongko P. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Angular Rate Sensor ◽  
Motion Simulator ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mems Gyroscopes ◽  
Mean Square Errors

MEMS (Microelectromechanical System), as an advanced sensor technology, is low power, low cost, and small size. Gyroscope sensor produced with microelectromechanical technology is an angular rate sensor. IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) sensor for rocket should have a very wide range of measurements. At the beginning of the motion, the rocket accelereation is very high, for which the rocket IMU requires a multisensor with different sensitivity. This paper presents the design of the rocket IMU and its calibration method for all MEMS gyroscopes. Calibration for each sensor is necessary including its varying characteristics. The calibration of the gyroscope sensors use three-axis motion simulator model ST 3176 with resolutions 0.00001 for all axes. Simultaneous calibration was mutually applied which require a short calibration time. The results show that root mean square errors (RMSE) of the calibrated gyroscope for all axes are under 2.5 %. Therefore, that the calibrated gyroscope can be used in the proposed real application.

The Triaxial Angular Rate Measurement System Based on Two MEMS Accelerometers Used for Rotating Carrier

2014 ◽  
Vol 609-610 ◽  
pp. 1219-1225
Author(s):  
Xiao Ming Zhang ◽  
Dai Di Zhao ◽  
Jian Yu Shang ◽  
Xing Cui ◽  
Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Rate Measurement ◽  
Mechanics Model ◽  
Mems Accelerometers ◽  
Large Measurement

Considering that the MEMS Gyroscope used in rotating carrier has the problems of small range and low measurement accuracy, the tri-axial angular rate measurement system based on two MEMS accelerometers used for rotating carrier was presented in this paper. The system has the advantages of large measurement range, anti-high overload, simple structure, small volume and low price. From the principle of the tri-axial angular rate measurement system, the mathematical model of the system was established and the mechanics model of the system was discussed. The different processing method of the output signal in each condition was summarized based on the mechanics model. Finally, the semi-physical simulation experiment was done to verify these theories. The experimental results show that the system scheme is feasible and has obvious advantages in the range and measurement accuracy.

scholarly journals Roll Angular Rate Measurement for High Spinning Projectiles Based on Redundant Gyroscope System

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 940
Author(s):  
Jing Mi ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Kaiqiang Feng ◽  
Chenjun Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical System ◽  
Rate Measurement ◽  
Adaptive Kalman Filter ◽  
Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average ◽  
Gyroscope System ◽  
Technology Level

Precision-guided projectiles, which can significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of fire strikes, are on the rise in current military engagements. The accurate measurement of roll angular rate is critical to guide a gun-launched projectile. However, Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) gyroscope with low cost and large range cannot meet the requirement of high precision roll angular rate measurement due to the limitation by the current technology level. Aiming at the problem, the optimization-based angular rate estimation (OBARS) method specific for projectiles is proposed in this study. First, the output angular rate model of redundant gyroscope system based on the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is established, and then the conventional random error model is improved with the ARIMA model. After that, a Sage-Husa Adaptive Kalman Filter (SHAKF) algorithm that can suppress the time-varying process and measurement noise under the flight condition of the high dynamic of the projectile is designed for the fusion of dynamic data. Finally, simulations and experiments have been carried out to validate the performance of the method. The results demonstrate the proposed method can effectively improve the angular rate accuracy more than the related traditional methods for high spinning projectiles.

scholarly journals Performance Enhancement of All-Inorganic Carbon-Based CsPbIBr2 Perovskite Solar Cells Using a Moth-Eye Anti-Reflector

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2726
Author(s):  
Wensheng Lan ◽  
Dazheng Chen ◽  
Qirui Guo ◽  
Baichuan Tian ◽  
Xiaoping Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Carbon Based

All-inorganic carbon-based CsPbIBr2 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted increasing interest due to the low cost and the balance between bandgap and stability. However, the relatively narrow light absorption range (300 to 600 nm) limited the further improvement of short-circuit current density (JSC) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs. Considering the inevitable reflectance loss (~10%) at air/glass interface, we prepared the moth-eye anti-reflector by ultraviolet nanoimprint technology and achieved an average reflectance as low as 5.15%. By attaching the anti-reflector on the glass side of PSCs, the JSC was promoted by 9.4% from 10.89 mA/cm2 to 11.91 mA/cm2, which is the highest among PSCs with a structure of glass/FTO/c-TiO2/CsPbIBr2/Carbon, and the PCE was enhanced by 9.9% from 9.17% to 10.08%. The results demonstrated that the larger JSC induced by the optical reflectance modulation of moth-eye anti-reflector was responsible for the improved PCE. Simultaneously, this moth-eye anti-reflector can withstand a high temperature up to 200 °C, and perform efficiently at a wide range of incident angles from 40° to 90° and under various light intensities. This work is helpful to further improve the performance of CsPbIBr2 PSCs by optical modulation and boost the possible application of wide-range-wavelength anti-reflector in single and multi-junction solar cells.

Design of an Inertial Measuring Unit for Control of Robotic Devices

2019 ◽  
Vol 952 ◽  
pp. 313-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Škultéty ◽  
Elena Pivarčiová ◽  
Ladislav Karrach
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Mems Sensor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Robotic Application

Industrial robots are increasingly used to automate technological processes, such as machining, welding, paint coating, assembly, etc. Automation rationalizes material flows, integrates production facilities and reduces the need for manufacturing inventory, provides cost savings for human maintenance. Technology development and growing competition have an influence on production growth and increase of product quality, and thus the new possibilities in innovation of industrial robot are searched for. One of the possibilities is applying of an inertial navigation system into robot control. This article focuses on new trends in manufacturing technology: design of Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) for a robotic application control. The Arduino platform is used for the IMU as a hardware solution. The advantage of this platform is low cost and wide range of sensors and devices that are compatible with this platform. For scanning, the MEMS sensor MPU6050 is used, which includes a 3-axis gyroscope and an accelerometer in one chip. New trends in manufacturing facilities, especially robotics innovation and automation, will enable the productivity to grow in production processes.

scholarly journals Performance Enhancement of Consumer-Grade MEMS Sensors through Geometrical Redundancy

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4851
Author(s):  
Giorgio de Alteriis ◽  
Domenico Accardo ◽  
Claudia Conte ◽  
Rosario Schiano Lo Moriello
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Mems Sensors ◽  
Mems Technology ◽  
Bias Instability

The paper deals with performance enhancement of low-cost, consumer-grade inertial sensors realized by means of Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology. Focusing their attention on the reduction of bias instability and random walk-driven drift of cost-effective MEMS accelerometers and gyroscopes, the authors hereinafter propose a suitable method, based on a redundant configuration and complemented with a proper measurement procedure, to improve the performance of low-cost, consumer-grade MEMS sensors. The performance of the method is assessed by means of an adequate prototype and compared with that assured by a commercial, expensive, tactical-grade MEMS inertial measurement unit, taken as reference. Obtained results highlight the promising reliability and efficacy of the method in estimating position, velocity, and attitude of vehicles; in particular, bias instability and random walk reduction greater than 25% is, in fact, experienced. Moreover, differences as low as 0.025 rad and 0.89 m are obtained when comparing position and attitude estimates provided by the prototype and those granted by the tactical-grade MEMS IMU.

A Mitigation Method for Temperature Error Based on MEMS Gyroscopes Array

2015 ◽  
Vol 742 ◽  
pp. 598-602
Author(s):  
Song Li ◽  
Xiao Feng He ◽  
Mei Ping Wu ◽  
Xiao Ping Hu
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Measurement Unit ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Temperature Characteristic ◽  
Temperature Error ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Mems Gyroscope ◽  
Mems Gyroscopes ◽  
Startup Time ◽  
Temperature Errors

In order to decrease the temperature error of MEMS gyroscopes, a mitigation method based on gyroscope array was proposed. Angular rate of MEMS gyroscope fluctuates dramatically with the change of gyro temperature when gyroscope starts up. The temperature characteristic error of MEMS gyroscope has become one of the major errors in the practical application. A mitigation method for temperature error was presented based on MEMS gyroscope array utilizing high correlation of temperature errors in the same batch of MEMS gyroscopes. This method was designed to improve environmental adaptability and shorten the startup time of MEMS based inertial measurement unit. Experimental results showed that the method was feasible and effective.

Analysis of Temperature Fields of a FOG-Based Angular Rate Measurement Unit

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
A.V. Golikov ◽  
◽  
V.M. Pankratov ◽  
M.V. Efremov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Rate ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Rate Measurement

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

The Future of Plasma-Based Surface Engineering Techniques in Tribology (Keynote)

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Matthews ◽  
Adrian Leyland
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Macro Scale

Over the past twenty years or so, there have been major steps forward both in the understanding of tribological mechanisms and in the development of new coating and treatment techniques to better “engineer” surfaces to achieve reductions in wear and friction. Particularly in the coatings tribology field, improved techniques and theories which enable us to study and understand the mechanisms occurring at the “nano”, “micro” and “macro” scale have allowed considerable progress to be made in (for example) understanding contact mechanisms and the influence of “third bodies” [1–5]. Over the same period, we have seen the emergence of the discipline which we now call “Surface Engineering”, by which, ideally, a bulk material (the ‘substrate’) and a coating are combined in a way that provides a cost-effective performance enhancement of which neither would be capable without the presence of the other. It is probably fair to say that the emergence and recognition of Surface Engineering as a field in its own right has been driven largely by the availability of “plasma”-based coating and treatment processes, which can provide surface properties which were previously unachievable. In particular, plasma-assisted (PA) physical vapour deposition (PVD) techniques, allowing wear-resistant ceramic thin films such as titanium nitride (TiN) to be deposited on a wide range of industrial tooling, gave a step-change in industrial productivity and manufactured product quality, and caught the attention of engineers due to the remarkable cost savings and performance improvements obtained. Subsequently, so-called 2nd- and 3rd-generation ceramic coatings (with multilayered or nanocomposite structures) have recently been developed [6–9], to further extend tool performance — the objective typically being to increase coating hardness further, or extend hardness capabilities to higher temperatures.

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