scholarly journals Genetic Relatedness and Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus from Different Reservoirs: Humans and Animals of Livestock, Poultry, Zoo, and Aquaculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1345
Author(s):  
Vanessa Salgueiro ◽  
Vera Manageiro ◽  
Narcisa M. Bandarra ◽  
Eugénia Ferreira ◽  
Lurdes Clemente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Phylogenetic Lineages ◽  
Spa Types

The main aim of this study was the characterization of antibiotic resistance mechanisms in 82 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from humans and animals. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on all S. aureus isolates accordingly, and antibiotic-resistant genes were investigated by genotypic methods. The genetic diversity of S. aureus was studied through spa, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and agr typing methods. The majority of S. aureus from human sources were resistant to cefoxitin (and harbor the mecA gene) and fluoroquinolones, whereas only four strains of S. aureus from animal sources revealed resistance to ciprofloxacin. In the set of S. aureus isolated from humans, the most frequent spa, MLST, and agr group were t032, ST22, and I, respectively. In strains from animal origin the most common spa, MLST, and agr group found were t2383, ST398, and III/not typable, respectively. S. aureus from humans and animals were identified either in clonal complexes CC5, CC30, and CC398, suggesting that they have the same putative founder in their evolution. Considering the three CCs encompassing strains from human and animal reservoirs with different spa-types, we can hypothesize that this might reflect an adaptation to different phylogenetic lineages in those reservoirs (host species) probably associated to genetic diversification of pre-existing strains.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Foods of Animal Origin, Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 1990-1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
BELGİN SİIRİKEN ◽  
TUBA YILDIRIM ◽  
AKİF KORAY GÜNEY ◽  
İRFAN EROL ◽  
BELMA DURUPINAR
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Selection For

ABSTRACT In the present study, 175 coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CPS) isolates recovered from samples of beef (n = 110), raw milk n = 56), and fish (n = 9) were analyzed for methicillin resistance using MIC and PCR assays. Methicillin-resistant (MR) Staphylococcus aureus (SA) isolates were then characterized using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). According to findings, 62 (35.4%) of the isolates (44 from beef, 9 from milk, and 9 from fish) were identified as S. aureus based on the presence of the nuc gene. MRCPS was detected in 18 (10.3%) of 175 CPS isolates based on the presence of the mecA gene. Among these isolates, 15 (24.2%) were MRSA: 4 (26.7%) from beef, 2 (13.3%) from milk, and 9 (60%) from fish. However, based on the MIC assay, 21 (12.0%) of the CPS isolates (1 from beef, 15 from milk, and 5 from fish) were MRCPS, indicating a discrepancy between the results of these two methods. The PFGE results indicated genetic heterogeneity of the isolates; six PFGE clusters were found. These results confirm that MRSA is present in foods of animal origin, which is a concern to human health, and indicate the importance of method selection for determination of methicillin resistance. The identity of MR isolates should be verified by PCR to obtain more reliable results.

Presence of Immune Evasion Cluster and Molecular Typing of Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Food Handlers

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 682-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
LÍVIA G. BAPTISTÃO ◽  
NATHALIA C. C. SILVA ◽  
ERIKA C. R. BONSAGLIA ◽  
BRUNA F. ROSSI ◽  
IVANA G. CASTILHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Spa Typing ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Spa Types ◽  
Immune Evasion Cluster

ABSTRACT The hands and noses of food handlers colonized by Staphylococcus aureus are an important source of food contamination in restaurants and food processing. Several virulence factors can be carried by mobile elements in strains of S. aureus, including the immune evasion cluster (IEC). This gene cluster improves the capacity of S. aureus to evade the human immune response. Many studies have reported the transmission of strains between animals and humans, such as farm workers that have close contact with livestock. However, there are few studies on the transmission between food and food handlers. The aim of this study was to detect the IEC and the mecA gene in strains isolated from food handlers and to type these strains using the spa typing method. Thirty-five strains of S. aureus isolated from the noses and hands of food handlers in three different kitchens were analyzed for the presence of the mecA gene and IEC and by spa typing. All strains were negative for the mecA gene, and the presence of IEC was observed in 10 (28.6%) strains. Fifteen different spa types were observed, with the most frequent being t127 (42.85%) and t002 (11.42%). Strains from the two most prevalent spa types and a novel spa type were typed by multilocus sequence typing. spa types t127, t002, and t13335 were determined to be multilocus sequence types (ST) ST-30, ST-5, and ST-45, respectively. The food handlers may have been contaminated by these strains of S. aureus through food, which is suggested by the low frequency of IEC and by ST that are observed more commonly in animals.

Characterization of Drug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus of Animal Origin

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1088-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.K. Achi . ◽  
G.A. Ugbogu .
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Drug Resistant

Characterization of Borderline Oxacillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Food of Animal Origin

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1325-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAROSŁAW BYSTROŃ ◽  
MAGDALENA PODKOWIK ◽  
KAMILA KORZEKWA ◽  
ELŻBIETA LIS ◽  
JERZY MOLENDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Type I ◽  
Staphylococcal Protein A ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Resistant Strains

In this study, the molecular characteristics of food-derived oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were determined. Eight borderline oxacillin-resistant strains with MICs of 2 to 4 μg/ml were identified from 132 S. aureus isolates of food origin. One of the two isolates with a MIC of 4 μg/ml was methicillin-resistant determinant (mecA) gene positive, and the other six with MICs of 2 μg/ml were mecA negative. The mecA-positive isolate was classified as sequence type (ST)228, staphylococcal protein A (spa) type t041, and carried the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type I element. Two borderline oxacillin-resistant strains were classified as spa t008 and ST8, and the remaining five as spa t164 and ST20. The mecA-positive strain and four borderline oxacillin-resistant strains were found enterotoxigenic. The enterotoxin genes detected in these strains included selp, egc1, and sed-sej-selr. The borderline-resistant S. aureus isolates from a manually handled product, i.e., minced pork, were shown genetically related to strains associated with human infections. This suggests that humans can be considered as a source of contamination of this food with oxacillin-resistant S. aureus strains. The genotypes of the investigated milk borderline-resistant isolates were shown to occur not only in cows, but also in humans. Since manual handling is reduced in raw milk production, a human origin of S. aureus seems unlikely. Because knowledge of the genotypes of animal staphylococci is limited, more research is needed to address the question of the origin of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains in food.

Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Retail Chicken

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 1879-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
KHALID IBRAHIM SALLAM ◽  
SAMIR MOHAMMED ABD-ELGHANY ◽  
MOHAMED ELHADIDY ◽  
TOMOHIRO TAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin

The emergence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in food-producing animals is of increasing interest, raising questions about the presence of MRSA in food of animal origin and potential sources of transmission to humans via the food chain. In this study, the prevalence, molecular characterization, virulence factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of MRSA isolates from 200 retail raw chicken samples in Egypt were determined. MRSA was detected by positive amplification of the mecA gene in 38% (76 of 200) of chicken samples analyzed. This represents a potential public health threat in Egypt, as this contamination rate seems to be the highest among other studies reported worldwide. Furthermore, genes encoding α-hemolysin (hla) and staphylococcal enterotoxins (sea, seb, and sec) were detected in all of the 288 MRSA isolates. Nonetheless, none of the strains tested carried tst, the gene encoding toxic shock syndrome toxin 1. Antimicrobial resistance of MRSA isolates was most frequently detected against penicillin (93.4%), ampicillin (88.9%), and cloxacillin (83.3%). These results suggest that retail chicken might be a significant potential source for transmission of multidrug-resistant and toxigenic S. aureus in Egypt. This underlines the need for stricter hygienic measures in chicken production in Egypt to minimize the risk of transmission of these strains to consumers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that reports the isolation and molecular characterization of MRSA in retail chicken samples in Egypt.

Genetic characterization of coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from healthy pigeons

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kizerwetter-Świda ◽  
D. Chrobak-Chmiel ◽  
M. Rzewuska ◽  
A. Antosiewicz ◽  
B. Dolka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Restriction Patterns ◽  
Feral Pigeons ◽  
Group A ◽  
Biochemical Identification ◽  
Group B ◽  
Coagulase Positive Staphylococci

AbstractCoagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) are opportunistic veterinary pathogens, of whichStaphylococcus aureus,S. delphiniandS. intermediuscan be isolated from pigeons. The biochemical identification ofS. delphiniandS. intermediusisolates may be incorrect, because of their phenotypic similarity. The purpose of the present study was to isolate and identify CoPS from domestic and feral pigeons and to determine their genetic relatedness by PFGE. A total number of 31 isolates of CoPS were obtained, 15 were identified asS. delphinigroup B, six asS. aureus,four asS. delphinigroup A, three asS. intermediusand three asS. schleiferisubsp.coagulans. The results indicate that S.delphinigroup B is the predominant CoPS species among pigeons studied. PFGE restriction patterns ofS. delphinigroup A andS. delphinigroup B form separate clusters, demonstrating their genetic heterogeneity. Indistinguishable or very similar PFGE patterns observed amongS. delphinigroup B isolates from domestic and feral pigeons confirm the possibility of CoPS transmission between these birds.

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