scholarly journals Incorporating Far-Infrared Data into Carbonate Mineral Analyses

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Stephen Campbell ◽  
Kristin M. Poduska
Keyword(s):  
Far Infrared ◽  
Carbonate Mineral ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Peak Overlap ◽  
Spectral Changes ◽  
Mineral Analyses ◽  
Fir Spectra ◽  
Infrared Data

Polycrystalline carbonate minerals (including calcite, Mg-calcite, and aragonite) can show distinctive variations in their far-infrared (FIR) spectra. We describe how to identify mixed-phase samples by correlating FIR spectral changes with mid-infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction data, and simple peak overlap simulations. Furthermore, we show how to distinguish portlandite-containing (Ca(OH) 2 ) mixtures that are common in heated calcium carbonate samples. Ultimately, these results could be used for tracking how minerals are formed and how they change during environmental exposure or processing after extraction.

Detailed X-ray diffraction studies on optically pumped mid-infrared InAs/Ga(In)Sb/AlSb type-II lasers

2003 ◽  
Vol 257 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hoffmann ◽  
H.J. Schimper ◽  
C. Schwender ◽  
N. Herhammer ◽  
G.F. West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Ii ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Optically Pumped ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
X Ray

Fabrication and Microstructure of Ge-Sb-S-CsCl Chalcogenide Glass Containing β-GeS2 Nanocrystals

2014 ◽  
Vol 665 ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Ji Yan Hao ◽  
Hai Tao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Chalcogenide Glass ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Orthorhombic Phase ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Base Glass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Quenching Method

we report the fabrication and microstructure of Ge-Sb-S-CsCl chalcogenide glass containing β-GeS2 nanocrystals. A Ge-Sb-S-CsCl chalcogenide base glass with the better crystalline ability is first fabricated by melt-quenching method, and a further careful thermal process has led to the formation of β-GeS2 nanocrystals in the glass. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the size of β-GeS2 nanocrystals with nearly monodisperse spherical shape ranges from 30 to 45 nm in the glass. Powder X-ray diffraction results confirm that the β-GeS2 nanocrystals are of high crystallization with orthorhombic phase. Energy dispersive spectroscopy is employed for the information of nanocrystals glass composition. It is worthwhile to note that the obtained Ge-Sb-S-CsCl chalcogenide glass containing β-GeS2 nanocrystals still keeps higher transmittance in mid- and far- infrared spectral region.

Polynuclear silver complexes of 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-diisocyanohexane (TMB). Influence of the anions

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 2386-2394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle Dartiguenave ◽  
Yves Dartiguenave ◽  
Alain Mari ◽  
André Guitard ◽  
Marc J. Olivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bidentate Ligand ◽  
Methyl Groups ◽  
Silver Complexes ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
N Value ◽  
Coordination Sites ◽  
Weakly Interacting ◽  
Silver Atoms ◽  
Infrared Data

Two series of complexes have been prepared by reaction of 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-diisocyanohexane (TMB) with AgX [Formula: see text]. Complexes of the first series, Ag(TMB)X, have been obtained with [Formula: see text]. The structures have been determined by X-ray diffraction for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The crystals contain infinite chains of silver atoms alternating with bridging TMB ligands. When [Formula: see text], the Ag atom is best described as (2 + 2)-coordinated, with two of the coordination sites filled by [Formula: see text] acting as a bidentate ligand. When [Formula: see text], the Ag—TMB chain is of a different type and Ag can be considered two-coordinated and weakly interacting with a monodentate [Formula: see text] ion. The second series includes Ag2(TMB)3X2 complexes whose structure consists of pairs of chains cross-linked by extra TMB ligands leading to a ladder-like pattern. A weak unidentate interaction involving [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] is also apparent. The infrared data are in agreement with the X-ray results, since the highest v(C≡N) value is obtained for Ag(TMB)BF4, where Ag—CN distance is the shortest. The conformation of TMB is always trans about the central CH2—CH2 bond. The methyl groups render one of the staggered orientations of the —C(CH3)2(NC) groups unfavorable, leaving two conformations for coordinated TMB, both of which are observed in the Ag complexes.

Mid-infrared ellipsometry, Raman and X-ray diffraction studies of Al Ga1−N/AlN/Si structures

2017 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
pp. 859-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chennan Wang ◽  
Ondřej Caha ◽  
Filip Münz ◽  
Petr Kostelník ◽  
Tomáš Novák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infrared Ellipsometry

Ternary atom site location in L12-structured intermetallic compounds

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 943-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.R. Munroe ◽  
I. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Intermetallic Compounds ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Site Location ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Peak Overlap ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Multiphase Alloy ◽  
Integrated Intensity ◽  
Microscope Technique

Ternary sublattice site occupancy in two L12-structured intermetallic compounds were evaluated by a transmission electron microscope technique called ALCHEMI, or atom site location by channeling enhanced microanalysis, and by x-ray diffractometry, through measuring the relative integrated intensity of fundamental and superlattice x-ray diffraction peaks. The x-ray diffractometry showed that in nickel-rich Ni3Al + Hf hafnium was found to occupy preferentially the aluminum sublattice, and in a multiphase alloy an L12-structured phase with the composition Al74.2Ti19Ni6.8 nickel atoms showed a strong preference for the titanium sublattice. The ALCHEMI data broadly agreed with the x-ray results for Ni3Al but gave completely the opposite result, i.e., a preference of nickel for the titanium sublattice, for Al3Ti. The methods of ALCHEMI and x-ray diffractometry are compared, and it is concluded that ALCHEMI data may be easily convoluted by peak overlap and delocalization effects.

scholarly journals Investigation of Y2.1Er0.9(ScxGa1−x)5O12 Matrix Components on the Spectral Properties around 3.0 μm by Micro-Pulling-Down Method

Crystals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Zhijiang Che ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Baiyi Wu ◽  
Qiangqiang Hu ◽  
Wenxiang Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectra ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Lattice Vibration ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electron Probe Microanalyzer ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Crystal Fibers

Single crystal fibers of 30% Er3+-doped compound of Y3(ScxGa1−x)5O12 have been grown by using the micro-pulling down (μ-PD) technique successfully. Our main purpose is to tune the fluorescence properties by adjusting the ratios of Sc3+ and Ga3+ ions inside the matrix crystals. The crystal structures of the series compounds were measured and analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. The components and doping elements distributions were measured by the X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry and electron-probe microanalyzer. The absorption and mid-infrared fluorescence spectra, including the fluorescent lifetime of Er3+:4I13/2 and 4I11/2 levels were measured and compared systematically at room temperature. Spectral analysis indicated that the fluorescent lifetime of Er3+:4I13/2 tended to shorten and the emission spectra began to show a red shift when the proportion of YSG increased in the compound. Furthermore, the Raman spectra were measured to reveal the variations of lattice vibration and phonon energy.

scholarly journals AKARI/IRC broadband mid-infrared data as an indicator of the Star Formation Rate

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (S284) ◽  
pp. 357-359
Author(s):  
Fang-Ting Yuan ◽  
Tsutomu T. Takeuchi ◽  
Véronique Buat ◽  
Sébastien Heinis ◽  
Elodie Giovannoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Star Formation Rate ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Extended Sources ◽  
Nearby Galaxies ◽  
First Time ◽  
Infrared Data

AbstractWith the goal of constructing Star-Formation Rates (SFR) from AKARI Infrared Camera (IRC) data, we analyzed an IR-selected GALEX-SDSS-2MASS-AKARI(IRC & Far-Infrared Surveyor) sample of 153 nearby galaxies. The far-infrared fluxes were obtained from AKARI diffuse maps to correct the underestimation for extended sources raised by PSF photometry. SFRs of these galaxies were derived using the SED fitting program CIGALE. In spite of complicated features contained in these bands, both the S9W and L18W emissions correlate with the SFR of galaxies. The SFR calibrations using S9W and L18W are presented for the first time. These calibrations agree well with previous work based on Spitzer data within the scatter, and should be applicable to dust-rich galaxies.

Crystal structure of the (REE)-uranyl carbonate mineral kamotoite-(Y)

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 653-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Plášil ◽  
Václav Petříček
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Cell Transformation ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Original Structure ◽  
Carbonate Mineral ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uranyl Carbonate ◽  
Structure Solution ◽  
Super Cell

AbstractKamotoite-(Y) is a rare supergene product of uraninite hydration–oxidation weathering and its structure is unknown. Based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction data collected with high-redundancy using a microfocus source, kamotoite-(Y) is monoclinic, has space group P21/n,with a = 12.3525(5), b = 12.9432(5), c = 19.4409(7) Å, β = 99.857(3)°, V = 3069.8(2) Å3 and Z = 4. Crystals are pervasively twinned (two-fold rotation around [0.75 0 0.75]), giving a strongly pseudo-orthorhombic diffractionpattern. The pseudoorthorhombic pattern can be described with an orthorhombic super-cell (transformation matrix 0,1,0/1,0,1/3,0,1), approximately four times larger in volume then a true monoclinic unit cell. This unit-cell is the same as the cell given elsewhere for the structure of bijvoetite-(Y),another (REE)-containing uranyl carbonate. The successful structure solution and refinement (R = 0.044 for 6294 unique observed reflections), carried out using our choice of unit cell, as well as the superstructure refinement and comparison of the original structure data forbijvoetite-(Y) reveal that these two crystal structures are identical. The crystal structure of kamotoite-(Y) consists of electroneutral sheets of the bijvoetite-(Y) uranylanion topology and an interlayer with H2O molecules not-coordinated directly to any metal cation. Despite determinationof the kamotoite-(Y) structure and demonstration that bijvoetite-(Y) has the same structure, the identity of these two minerals cannot be proved without additional study of the holotype material.

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