scholarly journals Effects of the Chiral Fungicides Metalaxyl and Metalaxyl-M on the Earthworm Eisenia fetida as Determined by 1H-NMR-Based Untargeted Metabolomics

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renke Zhang ◽  
Zhiqiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Endogenous Metabolites ◽  
Arginine Aspartate

Although metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M are widely used fungicides, very little is known about their subacute and enantiospecific effects on the earthworm metabolome. In this study, Eisenia fetida were exposed to metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M at three concentrations (0.5, 5 and 50 mg/kg) for seven days. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR)-based untargeted metabolomics showed that metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M exposure disturbed earthworms’ metabolism at all three concentrations. Endogenous metabolites, such as succinate, arginine, aspartate, urea, asparagine, alanine, trimethylamine, taurine, cysteine, serine, threonine, histidine, lysine, glucose, choline, carnitine, citric acid, alpha-ketoisovaleric acid, fumaric acid and so on, were significantly changed. These results indicate that metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M produce different, enantiospecific disturbances in the earthworm metabolism, particularly in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) and urea cycles. The application of untargeted metabolomics thus provides more information for evaluating the toxic risks of metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M.

scholarly journals Exogenous Ethyl Pyruvate versus  Pyruvate during Metabolic Recovery after Oxidative Stress in Neonatal Rat Cerebrocortical Slices

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 630-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianying Zeng ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Guo-Yuan Yang ◽  
Mark J. S. Kelly ◽  
Thomas L. James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Ethyl Pyruvate ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Background Exogenous pyruvate and ethyl pyruvate (EP), the key ingredient in a new Ringer's solution in clinical trials, are antioxidants as well as metabolic substrates. In vivo studies show both to be protective in oxidative stress, with EP being better. The authors used an acute rat brain slice preparation to compare EP and pyruvate rescue after H(2)O(2) oxidative stress, asking whether EP was again better and whether its actions were exclusively metabolic. Methods Oxygenated neonatal P7 cerebrocortical slices were exposed for 1 h to 2 mM H(2)O(2), and recovered for 4 h with artificial cerebrospinal fluid having 2 mM glucose and (1) 20 mM EP, (2) 20 mM pyruvate, or (3) 1 mM of the nonmetabolizable radical scavenger N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone (PBN). Perchloric acid extracts were studied with 31P/1H nuclear magnetic resonance at 14.1 T. Acute cell injury was assessed by counting terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated uridine 5'-triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL)-stained cells. Results At the end of recovery, preservation of adenosine triphosphate and N-acetylaspartate was better with EP than with pyruvate. Adenosine triphosphate preservation was best when PBN and EP were coadministered. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance revealed changes in lactate, alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, glutamine, succinate, taurine, and myoinositol. Two-dimensional [1H-13C] heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy found that 13C-EP administration produced the same tricarboxylic acid metabolites as C-pyruvate. TUNEL-positive cell percentages with EP were less than half of those for PBN or pyruvate rescue (P < 0.05). Conclusion EP enters cells, provides pyruvate as a tricarboxylic acid substrate, and is more protective. Although EP provides metabolic protection of adenosine triphosphate levels, it does not maximize antioxidant protection.

scholarly journals Paraquat-induced renal injury studied by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of urine

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1256-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Bairaktari ◽  
Kostas Katopodis ◽  
Kostas C Siamopoulos ◽  
Orestes Tsolas
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Endogenous Metabolites ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Abstract The herbicide paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridylium dichloride; PQ), is a poison known to cause delayed mortality due to lung and kidney injuries. High-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy has been extensively applied in evaluating nephrotoxicity by the characteristic perturbations in the excretion pattern of low molecular weight endogenous metabolites. The application of the method allows the rapid localization of the renal injury noninvasively. In this study, we report 1H NMR and conventional clinical chemistry urinalysis in two patients suffering from paraquat intoxication after overdose with suicidal intent. The alterations in the urine NMR spectrum suggest necrosis of the pars recta of the proximal renal tubules. The molecule of paraquat is also clearly detected in the same spectrum. In conclusion, the rapid screening of urine by NMR spectroscopy provides information about both the identity of the poison and the abnormal pattern of endogenous metabolites that characterize the location of the injury in renal tubules and reveals alterations in unusual metabolites that are not commonly measured.

Iodide ion receptors: shape-persistent macrocycles of syn/anti Configurations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Wei Zhang ◽  
Jia-Yin XIANG ◽  
Tao-Tao Zhong ◽  
Xin-Ru ZHI ◽  
Chuang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Macrocyclic Receptors ◽  
Iodide Ion ◽  
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ion Receptors ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

This article reports a pair of rigid iodide ion macrocyclic receptors of syn/anti configurations. Single crystal X-ray analysis confirms the structure of the syn-isomers, 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR)...

scholarly journals Serum metabolite profiles of habitual diet: evaluation by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen M Lindqvist ◽  
Millie Rådjursöga ◽  
Daniel Malmodin ◽  
Anna Winkvist ◽  
Lars Ellegård
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

ABSTRACTBackgroundObjective and reliable methods to measure dietary exposure and prove associations and causation between diet and health are desirable.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate if 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) analysis of serum samples may be used as an objective method to discriminate vegan, vegetarian, and omnivore diets. Specifically, the aim was to identify a metabolite pattern that separated meat-eaters from non–meat-eaters and vegans from nonvegans.MethodsHealthy volunteers (45 men and 75 women) complying with habitual vegan (n = 43), vegetarian (n = 24 + vegetarians adding fish n = 13), or omnivore (n = 40) diets were enrolled in the study. Data were collected on clinical phenotype, body composition, lifestyle including a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and a 4-d weighed food diary. Serum samples were analyzed by routine clinical test and for metabolites by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. NMR data were nonnormalized, UV-scaled, and analyzed with multivariate data analysis [principal component analysis, orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS) and OPLS with discriminant analysis]. In the multivariate analysis volunteers were assigned as meat-eaters (omnivores), non–meat-eaters (vegans and vegetarians), vegans, or nonvegans (lacto-ovo-vegetarians, vegetarians adding fish, and omnivores). Metabolites were identified by line-fitting of 1D 1H-NMR spectra and the use of statistical total correlation spectroscopy.ResultsAlthough many metabolites differ in concentration between men and women as well as by age, body mass index, and body composition, it was possible to correctly classify 97.5% of the meat-eaters compared with non–meat-eaters and 92.5% of the vegans compared with nonvegans. The branched-chain amino acids, creatine, lysine, 2-aminobutyrate, glutamine, glycine, trimethylamine, and 1 unidentified metabolite were among the most important metabolites in the discriminating patterns in relation to intake of both meat and other animal products.Conclusions1H-NMR serum metabolomics appears to be a possible objective tool to identify and predict habitual intake of meat and other animal products in healthy subjects. These results should be confirmed in larger cohort studies or intervention trials. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02039609.

scholarly journals Determination of Glyphosate in Dried Wheat by 1H-NMR Spectroscopy

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Shumilina ◽  
Christian Andreasen ◽  
Zahra Bitarafan ◽  
Alexander Dikiy
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Wheat Field ◽  
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Detection And Quantification

A wheat field was sprayed with a dosage of 1.1 kg a.i./ha Roundup PowerMax 10 days before harvest. The 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used for the detection and quantification of the glyphosate (GLYP) in dried wheat spikelets, leaves, and stems. The quantification was done by the integration of the CH2-P groups doublet at 3.00 ppm with good linearity. The GLYP content varied between different samples and parts of the plant. On average, the largest content of herbicide was found in leaves (20.0 mg/kg), followed by stems (6.4 mg/kg) and spikelets (6.3 mg/kg). Our study shows that the 1H-NMR spectroscopy can be a rapid and reliable tool for GLYP detection and quantification in the field studies.

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