scholarly journals Tyrosinase Inhibition Antioxidant Effect and Cytotoxicity Studies of the Extracts of Cudrania tricuspidata Fruit Standardized in Chlorogenic Acid

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 3266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha-Na Oh ◽  
Dae-Hun Park ◽  
Ji-Yeon Park ◽  
Seung-Yub Song ◽  
Sung-Ho Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Cytotoxicity Studies ◽  
Marker Compounds

In the present study, various extracts of C. tricuspidata fruit were prepared with varying ethanol contents and evaluated for their biomarker and biological properties. The 80% ethanolic extract showed the best tyrosinase inhibitory activity, while the 100% ethanolic extract showed the best total phenolics and flavonoids contents. The HPLC method was applied to analyze the chlorogenic acid in C. tricuspidata fruit extracts. The results suggest that the observed antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of C. tricuspidata fruit extract could partially be attributed to the presence of marker compounds in the extract. In this study, we present an analytical method for standardization and optimization of C. tricuspidata fruit preparations. Further investigations are warranted to confirm the in vivo pharmacological activity of C. tricuspidata fruit extract and its active constituents and assess the safe use of the plant for the potential development of the extract as a skin depigmentation agent.

scholarly journals Evaluation ofα-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effect of 50% Ethanolic Standardized Extract ofOrthosiphon stamineusBenth in Normal and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsnoussi Ali Mohamed ◽  
Mariam Ahmad ◽  
Lee Fung Ang ◽  
Mohd. Zaini Asmawi ◽  
Mun Fei Yam
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Lower Plasma Glucose

In the present study, a 50% ethanolic extract ofOrthosiphon stamineuswas tested for itsα-glucosidase inhibitory activity.In vivoassays of the extract (containing 1.02%, 3.76%, and 3.03% of 3′hydroxy-5,6,7,4′-tetramethoxyflavone, sinensetin, and eupatorin, resp.) showed that it possessed an inhibitory activity againstα-glucosidase in normal rats loaded with starch and sucrose. The results showed that 1000 mg/kg of the 50% ethanolic extract ofO. stamineussignificantly (P<0.05) decreased the plasma glucose levels of the experimental animals in a manner resembling the effect of acarbose. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, only the group treated with 1000 mg/kg of the extract showed significantly (P<0.05) lower plasma glucose levels after starch loading. Hence,α-glucosidase inhibition might be one of the mechanisms by whichO. stamineusextract exerts its antidiabetic effect. Furthermore, our findings indicated that the 50% ethanolic extract ofO. stamineuscan be considered as a potential agent for the management of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Activity of Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) Ethanolic Extract on Class mu Glutation S-Transferase of Lung Rat

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Purwanto Purwanto ◽  
Sudibyo Martono
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Natural Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Gst Activity

One of the main modalities of cancer treatment is chemotherapy, which uses chemicals that are generally electrophilic. These xenobiotic compounds sometimes does not produce effective response due to activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) which inactivate the xenobiotics. Several natural phenolic compounds were reported to inhibit GST activity in vitro. Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) which contains flavonoids and other phenolic compounds such as scopoletin and morindon is proposed to interfere GST activity. This study aimed to analyze the effect of ethanolic extract of Noni fruit in vivo on GST activity in lung rat using 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene (DCNB). This substrate is a specific for class mu GST. First, rats were administered with ethanolic extract of Noni and dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA) for two weeks. The cytosolic fraction of lung was isolated then the GST activity was determined by simple kinetic program which was automatically calculated using spectrophotometer. The results showed that ethanolic extract of Noni in 1 and 5% (w/v) of concentration induced class mu GST activity, whereas 10% (w/v) of concentration inhibited class mu GST activity. After a treatment with DMBA, all tested concentrations of ethanolic extract of Noni inhibited class mu GST activity of lung rat significantly. These results indicated that Noni fruit extract can be further developed as a supportive agent of a chemotherapy drug.Keywords: DMBA, GST, Morinda citrifolia L., spectrophotometer.

scholarly journals The Antifungal Mechanism of Isoxanthohumol from Humulus lupulus Linn.

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10853
Author(s):  
Yin-Fang Yan ◽  
Tian-Lin Wu ◽  
Sha-Sha Du ◽  
Zheng-Rong Wu ◽  
Yong-Mei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Edible Plant ◽  
Antifungal Mechanism

Humulus lupulus Linn. is a traditional medicinal and edible plant with several biological properties. The aims of this work were: (1) to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of H. lupulus ethanolic extract; (2) to study the in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of isoxanthohumol, an isoprene flavonoid from H. lupulus, against Botrytis cinerea; and (3) to explore the antifungal mechanism of isoxanthohumol on B. cinerea. The present data revealed that the ethanolic extract of H. lupulus exhibited moderate antifungal activity against the five tested phytopathogenic fungi in vitro, and isoxanthohumol showed highly significant antifungal activity against B. cinerea, with an EC50 value of 4.32 µg/mL. Meanwhile, it exhibited moderate to excellent protective and curative efficacies in vivo. The results of morphologic observation, RNA-seq, and physiological indicators revealed that the antifungal mechanism of isoxanthohumol is mainly related to metabolism; it affected the carbohydrate metabolic process, destroyed the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and hindered the generation of ATP by inhibiting respiration. Further studies indicated that isoxanthohumol caused membrane lipid peroxidation, thus accelerating the death of B. cinerea. This study demonstrates that isoxanthohumol can be used as a potential botanical fungicide for the management of phytopathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo evidence of tyrosinase inhibitory activity of a synthesized(Z)‐5‐(3‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxybenzylidene)‐2‐thioxothiazolidin‐4‐one (5‐HMT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
EunJin Bang ◽  
Eun Kyeong Lee ◽  
Sang‐Gyun Noh ◽  
Hee Jin Jung ◽  
Kyoung Mi Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity

scholarly journals In Vivo Cytotoxicity Studies of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerald J. Nair ◽  
Jaume Bastida ◽  
Johannes van Staden
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids ◽  
Cytotoxicity Studies ◽  
Numerous Cell ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
In Vivo Cytotoxicity

The plant family Amaryllidaceae is recognizable for its esthetic floral characteristics, its widespread usage in traditional medicine as well as its unique alkaloid principles. Few alkaloid-producing families rival the Amaryllidaceae in terms of the diversity of its structures as well as their wide applicability on the biological landscape. In particular, cytotoxic effects have come to be a dominant theme in the biological properties of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. To this extent, a significant number of structures have been subjected to in vitro studies in numerous cell lines from which several targets have been identified as promising chemotherapeutics. By contrast, in vivo models of study involving these alkaloids have been carried out to a lesser extent and should prove crucial in the continued development of a clinical target such as pancratistatin. This survey examines the cytotoxic effects of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in vivo and contrasts these against the corresponding in vitro effects.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Propolis Water Extract Using a Reliable RP-HPLC Methodology andIn VitroandIn VivoEfficacy and Safety Characterisation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Alves Rocha ◽  
Paula Carolina Pires Bueno ◽  
Mirela Mara de Oliveira Lima Leite Vaz ◽  
Andresa Piacezzi Nascimento ◽  
Nathália Ursoli Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Similar Chemical

Since the beginning of propolis research, several groups have studied its antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. However, most of these studies have only employed propolis ethanolic extract (PEE) leading to little knowledge about the biological activities of propolis water extract (PWE). Based on this, in a previous study, we demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of PWE. In order to better understand the equilibrium between effectiveness and toxicity, which is essential for a new medicine, the characteristics of PWE were analyzed. We developed and validated an RP-HPLC method to chemically characterize PWE and PEE and evaluated thein vitroantioxidant/antimicrobial activity for both extracts and the safety of PWE via determining genotoxic potential usingin vitroandin vivomammalian micronucleus assays. We have concluded that the proposed analytical methodology was reliable, and both extracts showed similar chemical composition. The extracts presented antioxidant and antimicrobial effects, while PWE demonstrated higher antioxidant activity and more efficacious for the most of the microorganisms tested than PEE. Finally, PWE was shown to be safe using micronucleus assays.

scholarly journals In vitro alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzyme inhibitory effects of Andrographis paniculata extract and andrographolide.

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rammohan Subramanian ◽  
M Zaini Asmawi ◽  
Amirin Sadikun
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

There has been an enormous interest in the development of alternative medicines for type 2 diabetes, specifically screening for phytochemicals with the ability to delay or prevent glucose absorption. The goal of the present study was to provide in vitro evidence for potential inhibition of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes, followed by a confirmatory in vivo study on rats to generate a stronger biochemical rationale for further studies on the ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata and andrographolide. The extract showed appreciable alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect in a concentration-dependent manner (IC(50)=17.2+/-0.15 mg/ml) and a weak alpha-amylase inhibitory activity (IC(50)=50.9+/-0.17 mg/ml). Andrographolide demonstrated a similar (IC(50)=11.0+/-0.28 mg/ml) alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitory activity (IC(50)=11.3+/-0.29 mg/ml). The positive in vitro enzyme inhibition tests paved way for confirmatory in vivo studies. The in vivo studies demonstrated that A. paniculata extract significantly (P

scholarly journals Use of cocoa ethanolic extract for treatment of Staphylococcal infection in rabbit-skin model

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariza Budi Tunjung-Sari ◽  
Teguh Wahyudi ◽  
Diana Chusna Mufida ◽  
Mekania Tamarizki ◽  
Desyana Perwitahati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Skin Model ◽  
Rabbit Skin

In  septic  condition,  the  skin  normal  flora  Staphylococcal  spp.  may  trigger local  and  sistemic  skin  infection.  In  this  study  antibacterial  activity  of  cocoa ethanolic  extract  (CEE)  against  Staphylococcus  aureus  and  Staphylococcus epidermidis infections  was  observed  in  vitro  and  in  vivo.  Ethanolic  extract  from unfermented  cocoa  beans  was  prepared  as  solution  in  the  in  vitro  testing,  while for  in  vivo  testing  the  extract  was  prepared  as  cream.  Agar  well  diffusion  assay showed  that  CEE  ranging  from  7.8  mg/mL  to  1000  mg/mL  demonstrated  inhibitory  activity  against  growth  of  either  S.  aureus  and  S.  epidermidis. Inhibitory activity  of  CEE  was  in  concentration  dependent  manner,  and  was  less  potential than either cephalexin 4 x 10 -3 mg/mL or cefotaxime 8 x 10 -3 mg/mL. Linear regression of CEE concentration plotted against inhibition zone values ha dpredicted the minimum inhibitory  concentrations  (MIC)  of  CEE  towards  S.  aureus  and  S.  epidermidis were at 341.9 mg/mL and 359.7 mg/mL, respectively. Topical application of cream containing  CEE  at  several  concentrations  (2%,  4%,  and  8%)  demonstrated  healing properties  towards  incision  wound  infected  with  S.  aureus and  S.  epidermidis cultures in rabbit-skin model. CEE cream promoted wound contraction and higher recovery  rate  than  of  base  cream  (negative  control)  but  lower  than  mupirocin 2%  cream.  In  S.  aureus and  S.  epidermidis  infected  wound  models,  CEE  cream 8%  improved  wound  recovery  to  72.7%  and  86.1%  from  original  rates  of  23.5% and 34.7% (base cream application). Catechin and procyanidis are suggested playing roles in  alleviation of wound inflammation and stimulation of extracellular matrix accumulation,  thus  accelerate  the  wound  healing  process.  This  study  proposes utilization  of  cocoa  bean  as  source  of  active  ingredient  for  skin  care  products.

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