scholarly journals Curcumin Decreases Hippocampal Neurodegeneration and Nitro-Oxidative Damage to Plasma Proteins and Lipids Caused by Short-Term Exposure to Ozone

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 4075
Author(s):  
María Luisa Mendoza-Magaña ◽  
Hugo Alejandro Espinoza-Gutiérrez ◽  
Sendar Daniel Nery-Flores ◽  
Abraham Alberto Ramírez-Mendoza ◽  
Cesar Ricardo Cortez-Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Hippocampal Neurodegeneration

Neurodegeneration is the consequence of harmful events affecting the nervous system that lead to neuronal death. Toxic substances, including air pollutants, are capable of inducing neurodegeneration. Ozone (O3) is the most oxidative toxic pollutant. O3 reacts with cellular components and forms reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, triggering nitro-oxidative damage during short-term exposure. Curcumin (CUR) is a natural phenolic molecule bearing well-documented antioxidant and anti-inflammatory biological activities in diverse experimental models. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of preventive dietary administration of CUR against hippocampal neurodegeneration and nitro-oxidative damage caused by short-term exposure to O3. Eighty Wistar male rats were distributed into four experimental groups, twenty rats each: intact control; CUR dietary supplementation without O3 exposure; exposure to 0.7 ppm of O3; and exposed to O3 with CUR dietary supplementation. Five rats from each group were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, and 8 h of exposure. The CUR dose was 5.6 mg/kg and adjusted according to food consumption. CUR significantly decreased oxidative damage to plasma lipids and proteins, as well as neurodegeneration in CA1 and CA3 hippocampal regions. Concluding, CUR proved effective protection in decreasing neurodegeneration in the hippocampus and prevented systemic oxidative damage.

1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexamethyldisilazane (2018)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-195
Keyword(s):  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adhesion Promoter ◽  
Inhalation Study ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Dose Inhalation

1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexamethyldisilazane (HMDZ) is used industrially to treat the surface of silica, as an intermediate adhesion promoter or silylating agent in the semiconductor industry, as a chemical modifier of inorganic fillers, and as a water scavenger silicone sealant. In animal studies, HMDZ is considered to be slightly to at most moderately toxic following acute administration via oral, dermal, and inhalation routes of exposure. HMDZ is neither an eye irritant nor was it dermally irritating under semiocclusive conditions; however, it caused dermal necrosis in two studies under occlusive conditions. HDMZ is not genotoxic or mutagenic in in vitro assays and was not reproductively or developmentally toxic in an inhalation screening study in rats. Short-term and subacute, high-dose inhalation exposure to HMDZ produced respiratory tract irritation, reduced feed consumption, changes in clinical chemistry parameters, and reversible central nervous system depression in rats. In a 90-day inhalation exposure study in rats, HMDZ exposure-related effects were observed in the kidneys of male rats but were determined to be alpha-2µ-nephropathy, thus, not relevant to humans. Based on the results of the 90-day (subchronic) inhalation study, 75 ppm was determined to be the no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) and was selected as the point of departure for the derivation of the 8-h time-weighted average (TWA), health-based workplace environmental exposure level (WEEL) value. This subchronic inhalation NOAEL was adjusted to account for duration of exposure, interindividual variability, and intraindividual variability. The resulting 8-h TWA WEEL value of 10 ppm is fully expected to provide a significant margin of safety against any potential adverse health effects in workers following long-term inhalation exposure to HMDZ vapor. A 15-min short-term exposure limit of 50 ppm was also established to protect workers from reversible effects produced by acute, high-dose inhalation of HMDZ vapor. A skin notation (Skin) is warranted because of the potential for the dermal route to significantly contribute to the overall exposure to HMDZ.

Short-term exposure to dioxin impairs bone tissue in male rats

Chemosphere ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 680-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Monica Lind ◽  
Carolina Wejheden ◽  
Rebecca Lundberg ◽  
Pedro Alvarez-Lloret ◽  
Sanne A.B. Hermsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure

Short-term exposure to formaldehyde promotes oxidative damage and inflammation in the trachea and diaphragm muscle of adult rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Fagundes Lima ◽  
Giselle Luciane Murta ◽  
Ana Carla Balthar Bandeira ◽  
Clarissa Rodrigues Nardeli ◽  
Wanderson Geraldo Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Diaphragm Muscle ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Short Term Exposure

Ganciclovir induces reproductive hazards in male rats after short-term exposure

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
AS Faqi ◽  
A. Klug ◽  
H-J. Merker ◽  
I. Chahoud
Keyword(s):  
Term Treatment ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Treat Ment ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Cut Time

1 The effect of short-term treatment of ganciclovir on male reproduction in adult rats was studied. The animals were treated subcutaneously with either a single dose of 60 mg/kg daily for 5 days (Gan5day) or with 100 mg/kg administered three times at 4 h- intervals (Gan1day). The effects were investigated every 2 weeks up to 8 weeks, followed by investigations 16 and 24 weeks after treatment to detect the potential of recovery. 2 Time to mating was significantly increased in Gan1day group. The pregnancy index and outcome were only decreased 8 weeks (Gan5day and Gan1day) or 16 weeks (Gan1day) after treatment. 3 The lowest values of sperm variables studied were registered 8 weeks after treatment: The number of spermatid was reduced up to 4% (Gan5day) or 2% (Gan1day) of control; the sperm number was 5% and 8% of control in Gan5day and Gan1day, respectively. Over 80% of sperm were abnormal in Gan5day group, and only few normal sperm was detected in Gan1day group. 4 Morphological investigation of testes revealed a clear- cut time-dependency effect. Four weeks after treat ment distinct alterations were located exclusively in the peripheral part of the tubuli which included fat inclusions, cell and pyknotic nuclear debris and swellings of Sertoli cells. The effect was reversible 24 weeks after treatment. 5 Ganciclovir induces testicular damage and affects sperm variables after short-term exposure. The in tensity and degree of the hazards varied in between the time of investigation after treatment.

Cardioprotective Effects of Diet with Different Grains on Lipid Profiles and Antioxidative System in Obesity-Induced Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kim ◽  
H. Shin ◽  
S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Male Rats

In the present study, the nutritional quality of four grains including adlay (AD), buckwheat (BW), glutinous barley (GB), and white rice (WR) were evaluated in terms of plasma lipid parameters, gut transit time, and thickness of the aortic wall in rats. The rats were then raised for 4 weeks on the high-fat diet based on the American Institute of Nutrition-93 (AIN-93 G) diets containing 1 % cholesterol and 20 % dietary lipids. Forty male rats were divided into 4 groups and raised for 4 weeks with a diet containing one of the following grains: WR, AD, BW, or WB. The level of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in liver was shown to be higher in rats by the order of those fed WR, AD, GB, and BW. This indicates that other grains decreased oxidative stress in vivo more than WR. The superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase levels in the AD, BW, and GB groups were significantly higher than those in the WR group (p < 0.05). Plasma lipid profiles differed significantly according to grain combination, and decreased aortic wall thickness was consistent with the finding of decreased plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p < 0.05) and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in rats fed AD, BW, and GB (p < 0.001). The antioxidant and hypolipidemic capacities of grains are quite high, especially those of adlay, buckwheat, and glutinous barley. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that the whole grains had a cardioprotective effect. This effect was related to several mechanisms that corresponded to lowering plasma lipids, decreasing TBARS, and increasing antioxidant activities.

The Effect of Dimethyl Sulfoxide on In Vitro Platelet Function

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Schiffer ◽  
Caroline L. Whitaker ◽  
Morton Schmukler ◽  
Joseph Aisner ◽  
Steven L. Hilbert
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Structural Abnormalities

SummaryAlthough dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been used extensively as a cryopreservative for platelets there are few studies dealing with the effect of DMSO on platelet function. Using techniques similar to those employed in platelet cryopreservation platelets were incubated with final concentrations of 2-10% DMSO at 25° C. After exposure to 5 and 10% DMSO platelets remained discoid and electron micrographs revealed no structural abnormalities. There was no significant change in platelet count. In terms of injury to platelet membranes, there was no increased availability of platelet factor-3 or leakage of nucleotides, 5 hydroxytryptamine (5HT) or glycosidases with final DMSO concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10% DMSO. Thrombin stimulated nucleotide and 5HT release was reduced by 10% DMSO. Impairment of thrombin induced glycosidase release was noted at lower DMSO concentrations and was dose related. Similarly, aggregation to ADP was progressively impaired at DMSO concentrations from 1-5% and was dose related. After the platelets exposed to DMSO were washed, however, aggregation and release returned to control values. Platelet aggregation by epinephrine was also inhibited by DMSO and this could not be corrected by washing the platelets. DMSO-plasma solutions are hypertonic but only minimal increases in platelet volume (at 10% DMSO) could be detected. Shrinkage of platelets was seen with hypertonic solutions of sodium chloride or sucrose suggesting that the rapid transmembrane passage of DMSO prevented significant shifts of water. These studies demonstrate that there are minimal irreversible alterations in in vitro platelet function after short-term exposure to DMSO.

scholarly journals Beneficial effect of retigabine on memory in rats receiving ethanol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Zwierzyńska ◽  
Agata Krupa-Burtnik ◽  
Bogusława Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Retigabine belongs to the novel generation of antiepileptic drugs but its complex mechanism of action causes that the drug might be effective in other diseases, for instance, alcohol dependence. It is known that ethanol abuse impaired the function of brain structures associated with memory and learning such as the hippocampus. In our previous study, retigabine reduced hippocampal changes induced by ethanol in the EEG rhythms in rabbits. This study is focused on the impact of retigabine on memory processes in male rats receiving alcohol. Methods Memory was evaluated in various experimental models: Morris water maze, Contextual, and Cued Fear Conditioning tests. Retigabine was administered for 3 weeks directly to the stomach via oral gavage at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Rats received also 20% ethanol (5 g/kg/day in two doses) via oral gavage for 3 weeks and had free access to 5% ethanol in the afternoon and at night. Morris water maze was performed after 1 and 3 weeks of ethanol administration and after 1 week from the discontinuation of ethanol administration. Contextual and Cued Fear Conditioning tests were carried out after 24 h and 72 h of alcohol discontinuation. Results The drug significantly decreased ethanol-induced memory disturbances during alcohol administration as well as slightly improved learning processes after the discontinuation of ethanol administration. Conclusions This beneficial effect of retigabine-ethanol interaction on memory may be a relevant element of the drug’s impact on the development of addiction.

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