Nanocone-Shaped Carbon Nanotubes Field-Emitter Array Fabricated by Laser Ablation

The nanocone-shaped carbon nanotubes field-emitter array (NCNA) is a near-ideal field-emitter array that combines the advantages of geometry and material. In contrast to previous methods of field-emitter array, laser ablation is a low-cost and clean method that does not require any photolithography or wet chemistry. However, nanocone shapes are hard to achieve through laser ablation due to the micrometer-scale focusing spot. Here, we develop an ultraviolet (UV) laser beam patterning technique that is capable of reliably realizing NCNA with a cone-tip radius of ≈300 nm, utilizing optimized beam focusing and unique carbon nanotube–light interaction properties. The patterned array provided smaller turn-on fields (reduced from 2.6 to 1.6 V/μm) in emitters and supported a higher (increased from 10 to 140 mA/cm2) and more stable emission than their unpatterned counterparts. The present technique may be widely applied in the fabrication of high-performance CNTs field-emitter arrays.

Download Full-text

Gold Overcoatings on Spindt-Type Field Emitter Arrays

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-424-387 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 424 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. L. Skala ◽

D. A. Ohlberg ◽

A. A. Talin ◽

T. E. Felter

Keyword(s):

Electron Emission ◽

Current Noise ◽

Gold Deposition ◽

Field Emitter ◽

Emission Properties ◽

Turn On ◽

Field Emitter Arrays ◽

Before And After ◽

Emitter Array ◽

Field Emitter Array

ABSTRACTThe electron emission properties of a Spindt-type field emitter array have been measured before and after deposition of approximately 100 Å of gold. The workfunction of the emitter decreased by 5% after gold deposition resulting in an 11% reduction in turn-on voltage. Emission stability as measured by RMS current noise improved by 40%. Improvements in emission do not withstand exposure to air. However, baking at moderate temperatures (200°C) restores the emission improvements obtained with the gold overcoating. Fowler-Nordheim plots show that the enhanced emission after baking is due to a increase of the Fowler-Nordheim intercept and not a decrease in slope. Additionally, the gold over coatings resist poisoning as a 50,000 L dose of oxygen only slightly affects emission.

Download Full-text

A fabrication method for field emitter array of carbon nanotubes with improved carbon nanotube rooting

Thin Solid Films ◽

10.1016/j.tsf.2015.10.042 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 595 ◽

pp. 56-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. Chouhan ◽

T. Noguchi ◽

S. Kato

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Carbon Nanotube ◽

Fabrication Method ◽

Field Emitter ◽

Emitter Array ◽

Field Emitter Array

Download Full-text

Graphene Nanotubule Cold Field Emission Electron Sources

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-349-319 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 349 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

B. H. Fishbine ◽

C. J. Miglionico ◽

K. E. Hackett ◽

K. J. Hendricks

Keyword(s):

Field Emission ◽

Current Density ◽

High Current Density ◽

High Current ◽

Field Emitter ◽

Electron Sources ◽

Field Emitter Arrays ◽

Emission Electron ◽

Emitter Array ◽

Field Emitter Array

ABSTRACTBuckytubes are considered for high current density cold field emitter array electron sources. They may provide more stable, higher-brightness emission than existing cold field emitter arrays.

Download Full-text

Fabrication Technologies of Field Emitter Arrays

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-471-211 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 471 ◽

Author(s):

J. H. Choi ◽

Y. S. Ryu ◽

J. H. Kang ◽

J. E. Jang ◽

J. M. Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laser Power ◽

Total Internal Reflection ◽

Field Emitter ◽

Field Emitter Arrays ◽

Scan Speed ◽

Basic Parameters ◽

Emitter Array ◽

Field Emitter Array ◽

Tip Formation ◽

Step Distance

ABSTRACTTotal internal reflection (TIR) holographic lithography is studied as a new method for field emitter array (FEA) fabrication. Four basic parameters of the process - scan speed, laser power, focus distance and step distance, are analyzed to optimize the hole patterns. In addition, the characteristics of the Aluminum (Al) parting layer are studied to minimize the stress produced by Molybdenum (Mo) layer during Spindt-type tip formation process.

Download Full-text

Recent progress in field emitter array development for high performance applications

Materials Science and Engineering R Reports ◽

10.1016/s0927-796x(98)00014-x ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 185-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 181

Author(s):

Dorota Temple

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Recent Progress ◽

Field Emitter ◽

Emitter Array ◽

Field Emitter Array

Download Full-text

Measurement of transverse emittance and coherence of double-gate field emitter array cathodes

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/ncomms13976 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Soichiro Tsujino ◽

Prat Das Kanungo ◽

Mahta Monshipouri ◽

Chiwon Lee ◽

R.J. Dwayne Miller

Keyword(s):

Near Infrared ◽

Double Gate ◽

Transverse Beam ◽

Beam Emittance ◽

Field Emitter ◽

Field Emitter Arrays ◽

Emitter Array ◽

Field Emitter Array ◽

On Chip ◽

Low Emittance

Abstract Achieving small transverse beam emittance is important for high brightness cathodes for free electron lasers and electron diffraction and imaging experiments. Double-gate field emitter arrays with on-chip focussing electrode, operating with electrical switching or near infrared laser excitation, have been studied as cathodes that are competitive with photocathodes excited by ultraviolet lasers, but the experimental demonstration of the low emittance has been elusive. Here we demonstrate this for a field emitter array with an optimized double-gate structure by directly measuring the beam characteristics. Further we show the successful application of the double-gate field emitter array to observe the low-energy electron beam diffraction from suspended graphene in minimal setup. The observed low emittance and long coherence length are in good agreement with theory. These results demonstrate that our all-metal double-gate field emitters are highly promising for applications that demand extremely low-electron bunch-phase space volume and large transverse coherence.

Download Full-text