scholarly journals The Relationship of Eating Rate and Degree of Chewing to Body Weight Status among Preschool Children in Japan: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Hitomi Okubo ◽  
Kentaro Murakami ◽  
Shizuko Masayasu ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Eating Rate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Weight Status

There is growing recognition that eating slowly is associated with a lower risk of obesity, and chewing well might be an effective way to reduce the eating rate. However, little is known about these relationships among children. We therefore investigated the associations of eating rate and chewing degree with weight status among 4451 Japanese children aged 5–6 years. Information on eating rate (slow, medium, or fast), degree of chewing (not well, medium, or well), and nutrient intake of children were collected from guardians using a diet history questionnaire. Weight status was defined using the International Obesity Task Force cut-offs based on BMI calculated from guardian-reported height and weight. The prevalence of overweight and thinness was 10.4% and 14.3%, respectively. A higher eating rate and a lower degree of chewing were associated with being overweight (both p < 0.001). Eating slowly was associated with being thin (p < 0.001), but no association was observed between chewing degree and thinness. These associations were still evident after controlling for potential confounders including parental educational attainment, weight status, and the child’s nutrient intake. In conclusion, this cross-sectional study suggested that chewing well, rather than eating slowly, might be a more effective way for healthy weight management among Japanese preschool children.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Towards Added Sugar Consumption among Undergraduate Female Students in Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walaa A Mumena ◽  
Asma A Alamri ◽  
Alhanouf A Mahrous ◽  
Bushra M Alharbi ◽  
Jumanah S Almohaimeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Undergraduate Female ◽  
Excessive Intake

Abstract Background: Intake of added sugar among populations in developed countries is linked to the increased prevalence of many non-communicable diseases; however, data regarding added sugar intake in developing countries are still lacking. This study aimed to evaluate knowledge, attitude, and practices towards added sugar intake and the associations with nutrient intake and weight status. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 190 healthy undergraduate female students of Taibah University, Madinah. Demographics, dietary intake, and anthropometrics (height, weight, and waist circumference (WC)) were collected during face-to-face interviews. Results : Even though 55.8% of students (n=106) were aware about the health consequences of excessive intake of added sugar, only 32.6% (n=62) made an effort to reduce their added sugar intake. Nine percent of students (n=16) consumed carbonated soft drinks daily, while 16.1% of students (n=30) consumed fruit drinks daily. Eighty-two percent (n=155) of the sample exceeded the recommendation of added sugar of <5% of total energy intake. Students who exceeded the recommendation of added sugar consumed lower quantities of protein, iron, and vitamin D. Added sugar intake was linked to nutrient intake, but not the weight status. Conclusions : Our findings indicated excessive intake of added sugar among young females. The observed inverse relationship between added sugar and macro- and micronutrient intakes highlight the urgent need for expanded efforts to limit the added sugar and to improve dietary quality of young population in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents at Altitudes over 3500 Meters: A Cross-Sectional Study in Tibet

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-jian Nie ◽  
Chao-qun Fan ◽  
Rui-zhe Sun ◽  
Jing-jing Wang ◽  
Qiang Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weak Negative Correlation

There is a scarcity of studies on the physical activity (PA) of children and adolescents who live at high altitudes. This study aimed to objectively assess PA of children and adolescents living in the Tibet at altitudes over 3500 m and to examine its difference by ethnicity, gender, age/grade, and body weight status groups. A sample of 397 students aged 9–18 years were recruited from 7 schools in Lhasa, Tibet. PA was measured using accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X) for seven consecutive days and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) was identified using the Evenson (2008) cut-points. Participant MVPA was 62.3 min/day, with 65.5 min/day during weekdays and 54.1 min/day on weekends. Indigenous Tibetans were more active than Hans, and boys had more MVPA than girls. Age had a significantly weak negative correlation with MVPA. There was no significant difference in MVPA between the non-overweight and overweight/obese groups. Overall, only 9.1% (13.8% in boys and 4.5% in girls) accumulated at least 60 min of MVPA per day. Compared to their counterparts in other regions, the daily MVPA of children and adolescents living on the Tibetan Plateau at altitudes over 3500 m was relatively high. However, the proportion of meeting the WHO’s PA recommendations was extremely low.

scholarly journals Excess Weight Among Preschool Children in a Lower-Middle-Income Country: Predictors and Perspectives of Prevention

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Sihem Ben Fredj ◽  
Rim Ghammam ◽  
Nawel Zammit ◽  
Samah Ben Ammar ◽  
Asma Ammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: We aimed to assess the weight status and to determine predicted factors of excess weight among Tunisian preschool children. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among preschoolers attending kindergarten during 2016-2017 school-years in Sousse, Tunisia. The children’s parents completed the self-administered questionnaire. Anthropometric measures (Weight and height) were taken for the children. Weight status considered body mass index (BMI) and excess weight was defined by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) standards. Odds ratios for excess weight were calculated using binary logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 364 preschoolers were included with a mean age 4.49±0.9 years. The ratio boys/girls was 1.05. The prevalence of excess weight was 31.3%; CI95%:[26.7%-36.5%]). Female gender (AOR=1.74; CI95%:[1.07-2.83]), working mother (AOR=1.75;CI95%:[1.04-2.92]), sedentary behavior (AOR=1.87;CI95%:[1.01-3.51]), eating sweets (AOR=1.95;CI95%:[1.19-3.19]), eating while watching television (AOR=2.53;CI95%:[1.23-5.18]) were positively associated with greater risk of excess weight while sleep duration<10h (AOR=0.41;CI95%:[0.24-0.71]) and less educated mother (AOR=0.35;CI95%:[0.12-0.96]) were negatively associated with excess weight. Conclusion: Our results show that the prevalence of overweight and obesity among preschoolers was alarming. Prevention of obesity should start early in life through a multisectoral approach.

The Family Diet Study: a cross-sectional study into the associations between diet, food habits and body weight status in Malay families

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Y. Yang ◽  
T. Burrows ◽  
L. MacDonald-Wicks ◽  
L. T. Williams ◽  
C. E. Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
The Family ◽  
Diet Study

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Episodic Wheezing and Multiple Trigger Wheezing in Preschool Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. e141-e147
Author(s):  
Lalsiama Tualzik ◽  
Venkatesh Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nasal Allergy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Recurrent Wheezing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dominant Phenotype

AbstractThe objectives of our study were to identify the relative frequency of episodic viral wheeze (EVW) and multiple trigger wheeze (MTW) in preschool children of 1 to 5 years of age with recurrent wheezing and to compare the relevant clinical and sociodemographic parameters in the above phenotypes. This cross-sectional study included 165 children aged 1 to 5 years with recurrent wheeze. Participants were categorized into EVW and MTW based on history according to European Respiratory Society Task Force recommendations 2008. Symptom control was assessed by Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines 2015. Of the total participants, EVW was seen in 55% and MTW in 45%. Children with MTW were significantly older than those with EVW, more atopic, and had higher eosinophil counts. The dominant phenotype seen in our study was EVW. The absence of ocular/nasal allergy and exclusive breastfeeding predicted well-controlled symptoms in EVW and in all preschool wheezers, respectively.

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