scholarly journals The Effect of Acute Hypohydration on Indicators of Glycemic Regulation, Appetite, Metabolism and Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2526
Author(s):  
Mitchell E. Zaplatosch ◽  
William M. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
Total Body ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Glycemic Regulation ◽  
The Impact

Evidence synthesizing the effects of acute body water losses on various markers of glycemic regulation, appetite, metabolism, and stress is lacking. Thus, the purpose of this review was to summarize the response of various hormonal changes involved in these physiologic functions to dehydration. A comprehensive literature search for peer-reviewed research in the databases PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and SportDiscus was conducted. Studies were included if they contained samples of adults (>18 years) and experimentally induced dehydration as measured by acute body mass loss. Twenty-one articles were eligible for inclusion. Findings suggested cortisol is significantly elevated with hypohydration (standard mean difference [SMD] = 1.12, 95% CI [0.583, 1.67], p < 0.0001). Testosterone was significantly lower in studies where hypohydration was accompanied by caloric restriction (SMD= −1.04, 95% CI [−1.93, −0.14], p = 0.02), however, there were no changes in testosterone in studies examining hypohydration alone (SMD = −0.17, 95% CI [−0.51 0.16], p = 0.30). Insulin and ghrelin were unaffected by acute total body water losses. Acute hypohydration increases markers of catabolism but has a negligible effect on markers of glycemic regulation, appetite, anabolism and stress. Given the brevity of existing research, further research is needed to determine the impact of hydration on glucagon, leptin, peptide YY and the subsequent outcomes relevant to both health and performance.

scholarly journals Impact of eating disorders on paid or unpaid work participation and performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Safi ◽  
Anna M. Aniserowicz ◽  
Heather Colquhoun ◽  
Jill Stier ◽  
Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Work Participation ◽  
Unpaid Work ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Eating disorders (ED) can reduce quality of life by limiting participation and performance in social and occupational roles, including paid or unpaid work. The association between ED pathologies and work participation and performance must be well understood to strengthen vocational rehabilitation programmes and prevent occupational disruptions in the ED population. The aims of this study are: (1) to examine the degree of association between ED pathologies and work participation and performance in 15-year-olds and older; (2) to highlight the specific ED symptoms that are most correlated with changes in work performance and participation; (3) to compile the most common metrics and assessments used to measure work participation and performance with ED. Methods Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library will be searched for observational and experimental studies that meet the following criteria: (1) a clinical sample of typical or atypical ED; (2) paid or unpaid employment or training; (3) an association between ED pathologies and work participation or performance. Unpublished data will also be examined. Title and abstract, and full-text screening will be conducted in duplicate. Risk of bias and quality of evidence assessments will be completed. A random-effect meta-analysis will be performed. Discussion This synthesis can clarify knowledge and gaps around the impact of ED on work functioning, thereby allowing better evaluation, improvements and development of current workplace assessments, interventions, and policies. Trial registration The registration number for this systematic review on PROSPERO is CRD42021255055.

COMPARATIVE META-ANALYTIC EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF SUPPLY CHAIN INTEGRATION ON PERFORMANCE: A DETAILED PERSPECTIVE OF MODERATOR AND MEDIATOR ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-69
Author(s):  
Augustine Castro Singine ◽  
Mustafa Cahid Ungan
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Customer Integration ◽  
Relational Integration ◽  
Mediator Analysis ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

In an environment with ever changing customers’ needs and intensifying global competition, quality processes and supply chain (SC) are critical for organisational success. To satisfy customers, outsmart competition and improve performance, contemporary organisations are trying to improve on their processes through integrated supply chains. In an attempt to address this question and effectively contribute to this topic, a comparative meta- analytical evaluation along with key moderator and mediator analysis was conducted. In the lens of many theories, SCI from two perspectives; SCID (internal, suppliers, customer integration) with 67 studies and SCIF (information, operational, relational integration) with 25 studies was assessed on overall performance as well as on both operational and business performance. A quantitative meta-analysis based on Hunter and Schmidt (2004) which was performed through Jamovi, revealed the following: The meta-analysis results which were obtained through Jamovi provided significant correlation coefficients for SCID and SCIF respectively (ř = .476, p <.002) and (ř =.508, p <.001). Therefore, indicating that the association between SCID and performance is medium and positive, while that of SCIF and performance is positive and large. This is a clear indication that SCI from the perspective of SCID and SCIF yields different results, with SCIF having a relatively large effect. Moreover, on average SCIF both at aggregate and individual level has a slightly large effect on performance than SCID. Operational performance was the most influenced by SCID and SCIF, although operational and relational integration indicated a significant larger effect on business performance. Thus, individual SCID and SCIF constructs have different effects on business and operational as overall performance. All moderators though with different levels of interactions indicated a significant effect on both SCID and SCIF. Of the three mediators tested, customer integration had a 32% negative effect, SC agility showed an 89.1% full mediation effect with flexibility indicating a 53% significant effect.

scholarly journals The Impact of Javanica Oil Emulsion Injection on Chemotherapy Efficacy and Cellular Immune Indicators in Patients with Advanced NSCLC: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Huilin Xu ◽  
Zhucheng Yin ◽  
Anbing He ◽  
Dedong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Nsclc ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Javanica oil emulsion injection (JOI) combined with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods. Electronic databases including EMBASE, PUBMED, the Cochrane library, and Chinese Biological Medical disc (CBM) were searched until May 2018. The clinical trials reporting efficacy and immune function of JOI combined with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Stata 11 and RevMan 5.3 were used for meta-analysis. Results. Twenty-four studies involving 2089 cases were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that there were significant differences in objective response rate (risk ratio (RR) = 1.17; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05–1.29; P<0.05), improvement in Karnofsky Performance Status (standard mean difference (SMD) = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.41–1.77; P<0.01), incidence of adverse events (RR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.7–0.87; P<0.05), percentage changes of CD3+ cells (SMD = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.49–2.50; P<0.01), CD4+ cells (SMD = 1.55; 95% CI, 1.2–1.9; P<0.01), natural killer cells (SMD = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.15–2.82; P<0.01), but not CD8+ (SMD = −1.44; 95% CI: −4.53–1.65; P=0.36), and value of CD4+/CD8+ (SMD = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.28–0.36; P<0.01) between the JOI combination group and control group. Funnel plot and Begg’s and Egger’s analysis indicated that there was no significant publication bias (P>0.05). Conclusions. JOI may be effective to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients, accompanied with better levels of immune cells.

scholarly journals The impact of total body water on breath alcohol calculations

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 535-541
Author(s):  
Gregor S. Reiter ◽  
Markus Boeckle ◽  
Christian Reiter ◽  
Monika H. Seltenhammer
Keyword(s):  
Total Body Water ◽  
Elimination Rate ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Body Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Individual Parameter ◽  
Breath Alcohol ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Impact

Summary Due to a legislative amendment in Austria to determine breath alcohol (BrAC) instead of blood alcohol (BAC) in connection with traffic offences, many results of blood alcohol calculations were simply converted using distinct conversion factors. In Austria, the transformation of BAC to BrAC was carried out by using a factor of 1:2000, which, however, is commonly known to be too low. Noticing the great demand for a calculation method that is not exclusively based on blood alcohol, a formula for calculating breath alcohol based on blood alcohol was published in 1989, but in which the body surface area (BSA) was considered the most important influencing variable. In order to refine this new method, a liquor intake experiment was conducted combined with measurements of total body water (TBW) as an additional variable, using hand to foot bioelectrical impedance assessment (BIA). The test group comprised 37 men and 40 women to evaluate the accuracy of TBW and BSA as an individual parameter for alcohol concentration. The correlation coefficient of BrAC with TBW was constantly higher than with BSA (maximum = 0.921 at 1 h and 45 min after cessation of alcohol intake). These results are valid for both men and women as well as in a gender independent calculation. Hence, for an accurate back calculation of BrAC adjusted values of eliminations rates had to be found. This study describes mean elimination rates of BrAC for both men (0.065 ± 0.011 mg/L h−1) and women (0.074 ± 0.017 mg/L h−1). As previously shown women displayed a significantly higher elimination rate than men (p = 0.006).

Total body water estimation using bioelectrical impedance: a meta-analysis of the data available in the literature

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (0) ◽  
pp. s203-s206 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Martinoli ◽  
E. I. Mohamed ◽  
C. Maiolo ◽  
R. Cianci ◽  
F. Denoth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Body Water ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Total Body

The impact of service innovation on firm performance: a meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changli Feng ◽  
Ruize Ma ◽  
Lin Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Quantitative Review ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeWith the rise of service economy, many companies are attempting to gain a competitive advantage through service innovation. However, the existing research has not drawn consistent conclusions about the relationship between service innovation and firm performance. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative review on the service innovation-performance relationship based on research findings reported in the extant literature.Design/methodology/approachStudies from 46 peer-reviewed articles were sampled and analyzed. A meta-analytic approach was adopted to conduct a quantitative review on the relationship between service innovation and firm performance, and the effects of any potential moderators were further explored.FindingsThe results found that service innovation has a significant positive impact on firm performance. Additionally, the relationship between service innovation and firm performance is influenced by measurement moderators (economic region and performance measurement), and contextual moderators (firm type, innovation type, customer factors and attitudes toward risk).Originality/valueThe meta-analysis has been used to explore the relationship between service innovation and firm performance, and the findings have contributed to the literature on service innovation, as well as providing future research directions.

scholarly journals 502 Pain Prevention with Intraoperative Music: A Review and Meta-Analysis of The Impact of Intraoperative Music on The Post-Operative Pain of Abdominal Surgery Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Dale
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Pain Management ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Music Intervention ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Postoperative pain is a significant problem that can lead to a range of complications including inadequate healing. Music has been shown to reduce postoperative pain across a range of surgical disciplines. This poster is novel as intra-operative awareness is an area of some debate and there has not previously been a systematic review of the impact of intraoperative music on the post-operative pain of abdominal surgery patients. Method A systematic review of Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Scopus identified randomised controlled trials comparing an intraoperative music intervention with standard care with postoperative pain as a measured outcome. To assess the quality of the studies and determine inclusion in meta-analysis the author collaborated with Robot Reviewer software based on the Cochrane bias methodology. Meta-analysis used standard mean difference and a random-effects model. Results The review found the majority of studies looking at intraoperative interventions determined that there was no significant impact on postoperative pain. However meta-analysis of the 250 subjects included determined that there is a significant reduction in pain (p = 0.02). The studies included also looked at opiod use, however this was not reported. Conclusions Whilst the meta-analysis is promising, findings support further investigation into intraoperative music as a low-cost addition to postoperative pain management.

Effects of the FIFA 11 training program on injury prevention and performance in football players: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 651-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansueto Gomes Neto ◽  
Cristiano Sena Conceição ◽  
Alécio Jorge Alves de Lima Brasileiro ◽  
Camila Santana de Sousa ◽  
Vitor Oliveira Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mean Differences

Objective: To investigate the effects of FIFA 11 training on injury prevention and performance in football players. Design and methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis. We conducted a systematic search using four databases (CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed) to find controlled trials evaluating the effects of FIFA 11 on injury prevention and performance among football players. Weighted mean differences, standard mean differences, risk ratios, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 test. Results: We analyzed 11 trials, including 4700 participants. FIFA 11 resulted in a significant reduction in injury risk (risk ratio = 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.49–0.98; P = 0.02) and improvements in dynamic balance (weighted mean difference = 2.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.44–4.92; P = 0.02) and agility (standard mean difference = −0.36; 95% confidence interval, 0.70–0.02; P = 0.04). The meta-analysis indicated a non-significant improvement in jump height (standard mean difference = 0.25; 95% confidence interval, 0.08–0.59; P = 0.14) and running sprint (standard mean difference = −0.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.58–0.10; P = 0.17) in the FIFA 11 group. Conclusions: FIFA 11 can be considered as a tool to reduce the risk of injury. It may improve dynamic balance and agility and can be considered for inclusion in the training of football players.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the effect of exploitation and exploration on performance: A meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 234094442097270
Author(s):  
Diego Armando Marín-Idárraga ◽  
José Manuel Hurtado González ◽  
Carmen Cabello Medina
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Organizational Relationships ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
Exploitation And Exploration ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Contingency View ◽  
The Impact

From a contingency view, we aim to contribute to a better understanding of how exploitation and exploration influence performance. By conducting a meta-analysis, we aim to answer the following research question: How do substantive moderators (slack resources, organizational structure, inter-organizational relationships, competitive intensity, and environmental dynamism), extrinsic moderators (region, size, and sector) and methodological moderators (data sources and performance measurement) affect the impact of exploitation and exploration on performance? The results of the meta-analysis, including 328 correlations, 102 studies, and a sample of 41,298 cases, suggest that the influence of exploitation and exploration on performance depends on the presence of the moderating factors included in our analysis. Furthermore, some of these factors are relevant for explaining a better performance of exploitation versus exploration, while other moderators do not determine a different effect of exploitation and exploration on performance. JEL CLASSIFICATION M10; M19; O3

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