Effect of Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Supplementation on Offspring Neurodevelopment at 12 Months in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Intake of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA 22:6n-3) is very low among Indian pregnant women. Maternal supplementation during pregnancy and lactation may benefit offspring neurodevelopment. We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to test the effectiveness of supplementing pregnant Indian women (singleton gestation) from ≤20 weeks through 6 months postpartum with 400 mg/d algal DHA compared to placebo on neurodevelopment of their offspring at 12 months. Of 3379 women screened, 1131 were found eligible; 957 were randomized. The primary outcome was infant neurodevelopment at 12 months, assessed using the Development Assessment Scale for Indian Infants (DASII). Both groups were well balanced on sociodemographic variables at baseline. More than 72% of women took >90% of their assigned treatment. Twenty-five serious adverse events (SAEs), none related to the intervention, (DHA group = 16; placebo = 9) were noted. Of 902 live births, 878 were followed up to 12 months; the DASII was administered to 863 infants. At 12 months, the mean development quotient (DQ) scores in the DHA and placebo groups were not statistically significant (96.6 ± 12.2 vs. 97.1 ± 13.0, p = 0.60). Supplementing mothers through pregnancy and lactation with 400 mg/d DHA did not impact offspring neurodevelopment at 12 months of age in this setting.

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A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Supplementation in Children with Autism

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition ◽

10.1097/mpg.0000000000000260 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Robert G. Voigt ◽

Michael W. Mellon ◽

Slavica K. Katusic ◽

Amy L. Weaver ◽

Dietrich Matern ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Children With Autism ◽

Double Blind ◽

Double Blind Placebo ◽

Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid

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Efficacy and safety of butylphthalide for patients who had acute ischaemic stroke receiving intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular treatment (BAST trial): study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045559 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e045559

Author(s):

Xuelei Zhang ◽

Anxin Wang ◽

Jing Yu Zhang ◽

Baixue Jia ◽

Xiaochuan Huo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischaemic Stroke ◽

Endovascular Treatment ◽

Functional Outcome ◽

Acute Ischaemic Stroke ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intravenous Thrombolysis ◽

Serious Adverse Events ◽

Double Blind ◽

Ischaemic Injury ◽

Study Results

IntroductionAs a neuroprotective medication, butylphthalide (NBP) may help protect against cerebral ischaemic injury. However, evidence on whether NBP influences the outcomes of patients who had acute ischaemic stroke who are receiving revascularisation treatment is limited. This study aims to evaluate whether additional NBP therapy can improve the functional outcome of patients who receive intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and/or endovascular treatment (EVT).Methods and analysisThe study will be a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-centre, parallel group trial. The sample size is estimated at 1200 patients. Eligible patients will be randomised at a 1:1 ratio to receive either NBP or placebo daily for 90 days, which will include 14 days of injections and 76 days of capsules. The first use of NBP/placebo will be started within 6 hours of onset of ischaemic stroke. The primary outcome is the functional outcome as assessed by the 90-day modified Rankin Scale, adjusted for baseline scores on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. The primary safety outcome is the percentage of serious adverse events during the 90 days of treatment. This trial will determine whether NBP medication benefits patients who had acute ischaemic stroke who receive intravenous thrombolysis or EVT.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol was written according to the general ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board/Ethics Committee of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University with approval number KY 2018-003-02. Ethics committees of all participating sites have approved the study . Results of the study will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and shared in scientific presentations.Trial registration numberNCT03539445.

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Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation in atopic eczema: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial

British Journal of Dermatology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08430.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 158 (4) ◽

pp. 786-792 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

C. Koch ◽

S. Dölle ◽

M. Metzger ◽

C. Rasche ◽

H. Jungclas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽

Atopic Eczema ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Double Blind

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Safety, pharmacokinetics and antiviral activity of PGT121, a broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody against HIV-1: a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 1 clinical trial

Nature Medicine ◽

10.1038/s41591-021-01509-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kathryn E. Stephenson ◽

Boris Julg ◽

C. Sabrina Tan ◽

Rebecca Zash ◽

Stephen R. Walsh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

T Cell ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Antiviral Activity ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Serious Adverse Events ◽

Double Blind ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Hiv 1

AbstractHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-specific broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies are currently under development to treat and prevent HIV-1 infection. We performed a single-center, randomized, double-blind, dose-escalation, placebo-controlled trial of a single administration of the HIV-1 V3-glycan-specific antibody PGT121 at 3, 10 and 30 mg kg–1 in HIV-uninfected adults and HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy (ART), as well as a multicenter, open-label trial of one infusion of PGT121 at 30 mg kg–1 in viremic HIV-infected adults not on ART (no. NCT02960581). The primary endpoints were safety and tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK) and antiviral activity in viremic HIV-infected adults not on ART. The secondary endpoints were changes in anti-PGT121 antibody titers and CD4+ T-cell count, and development of HIV-1 sequence variations associated with PGT121 resistance. Among 48 participants enrolled, no treatment-related serious adverse events, potential immune-mediated diseases or Grade 3 or higher adverse events were reported. The most common reactions among PGT121 recipients were intravenous/injection site tenderness, pain and headache. Absolute and relative CD4+ T-cell counts did not change following PGT121 infusion in HIV-infected participants. Neutralizing anti-drug antibodies were not elicited. PGT121 reduced plasma HIV RNA levels by a median of 1.77 log in viremic participants, with a viral load nadir at a median of 8.5 days. Two individuals with low baseline viral loads experienced ART-free viral suppression for ≥168 days following antibody infusion, and rebound viruses in these individuals demonstrated full or partial PGT121 sensitivity. The trial met the prespecified endpoints. These data suggest that further investigation of the potential of antibody-based therapeutic strategies for long-term suppression of HIV is warranted, including in individuals off ART and with low viral load.

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Corrigendum: Nutritional Evaluation and Optimisation in Neonates (NEON) trial of amino acid regimen and intravenous lipid composition in preterm parenteral nutrition: a randomised double-blind controlled trial

Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation ◽

10.3310/eme03020-c201706 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 81-82

Author(s):

Sabita Uthaya ◽

Xinxue Liu ◽

Daphne Babalis ◽

Caroline Dore ◽

Jane Warwick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Controlled Trial ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Final Report ◽

Serious Adverse Events ◽

Double Blind ◽

Correct Treatment ◽

Data Set ◽

Study Results ◽

Made In

Abstract During the uploading of data for submission to the EudraCT results database, a discrepancy was identified. It was noted that the number of deaths per group was not consistent with the number in the final report and trial publication. This discrepancy was found to relate to two randomisation numbers. During the trial, the randomisation database had been held separately from the trial database, with manual transcription of randomisation numbers from the randomisation database to the trial database. Two randomisation numbers had been entered incorrectly into the trial database and, although this was documented at the time, the correction had not been made in the analysis data set. The two infants in question received the correct treatment in accordance with their allocation, but were analysed according to the wrong treatment group. Following the identification of this error, all analyses were repeated. It was confirmed that this error had a negligible impact on the study results. Furthermore, the two infants in question had not been included in the primary and secondary outcome analyses, as one had died and the other had withdrawn prior to the primary end-point assessment, so the key study outcomes remain unchanged. The only changes to the results are in the number of serious adverse events and minor changes to the data in demographics tables mostly affecting decimal points and the CONSORT diagram. Our interpretation of the study results remains unchanged.

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Ligilactobacillus salivarius PS2 Supplementation during Pregnancy and Lactation Prevents Mastitis: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9091933 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1933

Author(s):

Esther Jiménez ◽

Susana Manzano ◽

Dietmar Schlembach ◽

Krzysztof Arciszewski ◽

Rocio Martin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Placebo Group ◽

Post Partum ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Late Pregnancy ◽

Probiotic Strain ◽

Study Groups ◽

Rank Test ◽

Double Blind ◽

Pregnancy And Lactation ◽

Randomised Controlled

Mastitis is considered one of the main reasons for unwanted breastfeeding cessation. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effect of the probiotic strain Ligilactobacillus salivarius PS2 on the occurrence of mastitis in lactating women. In this multicountry, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 328 women were assigned to the probiotic or the placebo group. The intervention started from the 35th week of pregnancy until week 12 post-partum. The primary outcome was the incidence (hazard) rate of mastitis, defined as the presence of at least two of the following symptoms: breast pain, breast erythema, breast engorgement not relieved by breastfeeding, and temperature > 38 °C. The probability of being free of mastitis during the study was higher in the probiotic than in the placebo group (p = 0.022, Kaplan–Meier log rank test) with 9 mastitis cases (6%) vs. 20 mastitis cases (14%), respectively. The hazard ratio of the incidence of mastitis between both study groups was 0.41 (0.190–0.915; p = 0.029), indicating that women in the probiotic group were 58% less likely to experience mastitis. In conclusion, supplementation of L. salivarius PS2 during late pregnancy and early lactation was safe and effective in preventing mastitis, which is one of the main barriers for continuing breastfeeding.

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A Controlled Trial of Extended-Release Guanfacine and Psychostimulants on Executive Function and ADHD

Journal of Attention Disorders ◽

10.1177/1087054717751197 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 318-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Judy P. M. van Stralen

Keyword(s):

Executive Function ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Extended Release ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Severity Of Illness ◽

P Value ◽

Serious Adverse Events ◽

Double Blind ◽

Stimulant Therapy

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of guanfacine extended-release (GXR) versus placebo as adjunct therapy to usual care stimulant therapy in improving executive function in children aged 6 to 12 years diagnosed with ADHD. Method: In this single center, double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial, subjects continued to take their psychostimulant and were randomly assigned at baseline to receive active treatment or placebo first. Efficacy measures included Behavioural Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-P), ADHD Rating Scale IV (ADHD-RS IV), and Clinical Global Impressions of Severity of Illness (CGI-S) and Improvement (CGI-I) scales. Safety measures included adverse events and vital signs. Results: Significant benefits of GXR plus psychostimulant were observed on BRIEF-P ( p value = .0392), ADHD-RS-IV ( p < .0001), CGI-S ( p = .0007), and CGI-I ( p = .003). There were no serious adverse events and no new safety signals. Conclusion: Use of GXR as adjunctive therapy to stimulant therapy significantly improves executive function in children with ADHD.

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