scholarly journals A Comparison of Maternal Health Status and Weight-Related Cognitions, Behaviors, and Home Environments by Race/Ethnicity

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen L. Delaney ◽  
Kim Spaccarotella ◽  
Carol Byrd-Bredbenner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Family Meals ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Home Environments ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hispanic Mothers ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Asian Mothers

This cross-sectional study compared weight-related cognitions, behaviors, and home environments of 568 mothers of young children (ages 2 to <9 years) by racial/ethnic group. Maternal health status was good and did not differ by race/ethnicity. Mothers were somewhat confident in their ability to promote healthy physical activity and eating behaviors in their children, with White and Asian mothers having greater confidence than Hispanic mothers. Mothers had low physical activity, with Hispanic mothers getting more sedentary screentime than White and Asian mothers. Mothers’ dietary intake did not differ. Modeling of healthful behaviors was more frequent in White than Hispanic mothers. Asian mothers tended to use non-recommended feeding patterns more than White, Hispanic, and Black mothers. Children’s physical activity and screentime did not differ by race/ethnicity. Asian children tended to drink less sugar-sweetened beverages and more milk than counterparts. All reported frequent family meals, with Hispanic mothers reporting more family meals eaten in less healthful locations. Household food environments did not differ. However, White mothers reported greater access to physical activity space and supports than Hispanic mothers. Race/ethnicity may link with maternal weight-related cognitions, behaviors, and home environments and thus can help inform the development of interventions tailored by race/ethnicity.

scholarly journals Resilience and CVD-protective Health Behaviors in Older Women: Examining Racial and Ethnic Differences in a Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Women’s Health Initiative

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2107
Author(s):  
Sparkle Springfield ◽  
FeiFei Qin ◽  
Haley Hedlin ◽  
Charles B. Eaton ◽  
Milagros C. Rosal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Women's Health Initiative ◽  
Women’S Health Initiative ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The Women’S Health Initiative

Little is known about the relationship between self-reported psychological resilience (resilience) and health behaviors shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study examines the associations between resilience and CVD-related risk factors, such as diet, smoking, physical activity, sleep, and alcohol consumption among older American women from diverse backgrounds. Methods: A cross-sectional secondary analysis was conducted on 77,395 women (mean age 77 years, Black (N = 4475, 5.8%), non-Hispanic white (N = 69,448, 89.7%), Latina (N = 1891, 2.4%), and Asian or Pacific Islander (N = 1581, 2.0%)) enrolled in the Women’s Health Initiative Extension Study II. Resilience was measured using an abbreviated version of the brief resilience scale. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between resilience and health behaviors associated with risk for CVD, while adjusting for stressful life events and sociodemographic information. To test whether these associations varied among racial/ethnic groups, an interaction term was added to the fully adjusted models between resilience and race/ethnicity. Results: High levels of resilience were associated with better diet quality (top 2 quintiles of the Healthy Eating Index 2015) (OR = 1.22 (95% Confidence Interval (1.15–1.30)), adhering to recommended physical activity (≥ 150 min per week) (1.56 (1.47, 1.66)), sleeping the recommended hours per night (7–9) (1.36 (1.28–1.44)), and moderate alcohol intake (consuming alcoholic drink(s) 1–7 days per week) (1.28 (1.20–1.37)). The observed association between resilience and sleep is modified by race/ethnicity (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Irrespective of race/ethnicity, high resilience was associated with CVD-protective health behaviors. This warrants further investigation into whether interventions aimed at improving resilience could increase the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Family Meals and Mental Health Problems in Japanese Elementary School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9281
Author(s):  
Noriko Kameyama ◽  
Yukina Morimoto ◽  
Ayako Hashimoto ◽  
Hiroko Inoue ◽  
Ikuko Nagaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Family Meals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Breakfast ◽  
The Relationship

The relative burden of mental health problems in children is increasing worldwide. Family meals have attracted attention as an effective modifiable factor for preventing children’s mental health problems. We examined the relationship between family meals and mental health problems in Japanese elementary schoolchildren. A cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted with guardians of children aged 7 to 12 years in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. Frequency of family meals and with whom the child eats breakfast, lunch, and dinner were assessed separately for weekdays and weekends/holidays. Mental health was assessed using the Japanese version of the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Multivariate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for borderline/abnormal mental health status were calculated using logistic regression analysis. Of the 678 children, 24.9% had borderline/abnormal mental health status. Children eating breakfast with their family less than once a week (adjusted OR, 4.79; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.51–15.25) and those eating weekend breakfast alone (adjusted OR, 3.61; 95% CI, 1.42–9.23) had a higher prevalence of borderline/abnormal mental health status compared to those eating breakfast seven times a week and weekend breakfast with their family, respectively. These results suggest that family meals, especially breakfast, might be positively associated with better mental health in children.

The Effects of Race/Ethnicity and Physician Recommendation for Physical Activity on Physical Activity Levels and Arthritis Symptoms Among Adults With Arthritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Huckleby ◽  
Faustine Williams ◽  
Rose Ramos ◽  
Anna Napoles
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physician Recommendation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Relieve Symptom ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Abstract Background: Among U.S. adults with physician-diagnosed arthritis, we examined the effects of race/ethnicity and receiving physician exercise recommendation on meeting aerobic and strengthening physical activity guidelines, and arthritis symptoms, and whether race/ethnicity moderates the effects of physician recommendation on activity levels and symptoms.Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional study of National Health Interview Survey pooled data from 2002, 2006, 2009, and 2014. The study included 27,887 U.S. adults aged ≥18 years with arthritis. Outcomes were meeting aerobic (yes/no) and strengthening guidelines (yes/no), arthritis-associated activity limitations (yes/no) and arthritis-related pain (0-10; higher score=more pain). Predictors were race/ethnicity (White, African American, Latino, and Asian) and receipt of physician recommendation for exercise (yes/no). Covariates included demographic and health characteristics and U.S. region.Results: Controlling for covariates, physician exercise recommendation was independently associated with meeting aerobic (AOR=1.14; 95% CI 1.06, 1.24) and strengthening (AOR=1.17; 95% CI 1.06, 1.28) guidelines; effects did not differ by race/ethnicity. African Americans were more likely than Whites to meet strengthening guidelines (AOR=1.22; 95% CI 1.07, 1.40) and Asians were less likely to meet aerobic (AOR=0.80; 95% CI 0.65, 0.99) and strengthening (AOR=0.76; 95% CI 0.60, 0.96) guidelines. Compared to Whites, African Americans (B=0.51; 95% CI 0.26, 0.76) and Latinos (B=0.43; 95% CI 0.14, 0.72) reported more severe, while Asians reported less severe (B=-0.60; 95% CI -1.17, -0.04) joint painConclusions: Disparities in pain exist for African Americans and Latinos with arthritis. Physician exercise recommendation is critical among patients with arthritis to relieve symptom burden.

scholarly journals Personal, Behavioral, and Socioenvironmental Correlates of Physical Activity Among Adolescent Girls: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan J. Graham ◽  
Katherine W. Bauer ◽  
Sarah Friend ◽  
Daheia J. Barr-Anderson ◽  
Dianne Nuemark-Sztainer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Physical Activity Recall

Background:Physical activity (PA) declines sharply and rapidly during adolescence, especially among girls, posing a risk for inactivity and obesity in adulthood. This study identified personal, behavioral, and socioenvironmental correlates of concurrent and 6-month longitudinal PA among adolescent girls.Methods:Data were gathered from 356 adolescent girls (mean age 15.8 ± 1.2 years; > 75% racial/ethnic minorities) in the Minneapolis/St. Paul area in 2007–2009. Linear regression analyses controlling for age, race/ethnicity, and school were conducted predicting baseline and follow-up levels of total PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) assessed via 3-Day Physical Activity Recall. Models were fit for each correlate individually and for all correlates together, mutually adjusted.Results:For concurrent PA, significant positive predictors when adjusting for the influence of all other variables included self-efficacy, support from friends and teachers, and friends’ PA. Total screen time and distance from school to PA resources related inversely to concurrent PA. In mutually-adjusted models, 6-month PA was positively related to self-worth, family support, and parent PA and inversely related to total screen time.Conclusions:PA interventions with adolescent girls might be enhanced by involving adolescents’ social networks and also by helping adolescents feel better about their self-worth and athletic abilities.

scholarly journals Exploring the Benefits of Participation in Community-Based Running and Walking Events: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Parkrun Participants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Quirk ◽  
Alice Bullas ◽  
Steve Haake ◽  
Elizabeth Goyder ◽  
Mike Graney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Deprived Areas

Abstract Background: Whilst the benefits of physical activity for health and wellbeing are recognised, population levels of activity remain low. Significant inequalities exist, with socioeconomically disadvantaged populations being less physically active and less likely to participate in community events. We investigated the perceived benefits from participation in a weekly running/walking event by those living in the most socioeconomically deprived areas and doing the least physical activity.Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was emailed to 2,318,135 parkrun participants in the UK. Demographic and self-reported data was collected on life satisfaction, happiness, health status, physical activity, motives, and the perceived benefits of parkrun. Motivation, health status and benefits were compared for groups defined by level of physical activity at parkrun registration and residential Index of Multiple Deprivation.Results: 60,000 completed surveys were received (2.7% of those contacted). Respondents were more recently registered with parkrun (3.1 v. 3.5 years) and had a higher frequency of participation than non-respondents (14.5 v. 3.7 parkruns per year). Those who were inactive at registration and from socioeconomically deprived areas reported lower happiness, lower life satisfaction and poorer health than the full sample. They were more likely to want to improve their physical health, rather than get fit or lose weight. Of those reporting less than one bout of activity a week at registration, 88% (87% in the most socioeconomically deprived areas) increased their physical activity level and 52% (65% in the most socioeconomically deprived areas) reported improvements to overall health behaviours. Previously inactive respondents from the most socioeconomically deprived areas reported greater improvements to fitness (93% v. 89%), physical health (90% v. 85%), happiness (83% v. 79%) and mental health (76% v. 69%).Conclusion: The least active respondents from the most socioeconomically deprived areas reported changes to their activity levels and benefits to their health and wellbeing since participating in parkrun. Whilst the challenge of identifying how community initiatives like parkrun can better engage with the least active and most socioeconomically deprived remains, if this can be achieved, then such interventions can have a critical public health role in addressing inequalities in benefits associated with recreational physical activity.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity and Mental Health of Physiotherapy Students, Vadodara - A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 294-300
Author(s):  
Lalli Singh ◽  
Devangi Desai
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Physiotherapy Students

Background:- Lockdown in India happened due to COVID-19 pandemic. In this lockdown, government urged people to stay at home to prevent the spread of the virus. Prolonged homestay for longer duration leads to sedentary behavior which affects physical as well as mental health of the individuals. Aim:- This study aimed at determining the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the physical activity and mental health of physiotherapy college students. Also to know the correlation between physical activity and mental health in physiotherapy students keeping pandemic COVID-19 in between them. Method:- A web-based survey was undertaken. 250 physiotherapy students were approached out of which 214 had successfully filled up the entire form. The questionnaire of IPAQ(SF) for physical activity level and DASS-21 for mental health were used. Data Analysis:- Prevalence for physical activity and prevalence of mental health status for physiotherapy students was calculated and presented in form of frequency distribution and spearman’s correlation was used to find the any relation between them. Results:- Prevalence of 79% was obtained for mild physical activity. 17% for moderate physical activity and 4% severe physical activity was obtained. Prevalence of mental health status were noted it showed 29.90% mild, 32.71% moderate and 10.73% severe level of affection in physiotherapy students. Also, there is a weak positive co relation between physical activity and mental health of physiotherapy students considering pandemic. Conclusion:- With the present study it can be concluded that there is a significant reduction in the physical activity and also prevalence for mental health status shows deterioration level among physiotherapy students. Looking at the current scenario early intervention are needed to improve the mental health status and physical activity of physiotherapy students. Key words: Covid 19, lockdown, stress, physical activity and health status.

scholarly journals Health status and physical activity among academic and non academic staffs in higher education

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Nurul Qomariyah ◽  
Sitti Nur Djannah
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
University Level ◽  
Significant Health

Being physically active is reducing the risk of non-communicable diseases. A cross sectional mixed method study was conducted to analyze health status and explore supporting and inhibiting factors of physical activity among academic and non academic staff in higher education. A total of 83 respondents were met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The majority of UAD staffs are physically active and overweight. No significant health problems are found. Individual, social and environmental factors are identified as factors that can support and inhibit physical activity. Policies at the Faculty and University level are needed as well as cross-sectoral collaboration with related parties to support physical activities in UAD.

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