scholarly journals Protective Effects of Lactoferrin against SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vitro

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Salaris ◽  
Melania Scarpa ◽  
Marina Elli ◽  
Alice Bertolini ◽  
Simone Guglielmetti ◽  
...  

SARS-CoV-2 is a newly emerging virus that currently lacks curative treatments. Lactoferrin (LF) is a naturally occurring non-toxic glycoprotein with broad-spectrum antiviral, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we assessed the potential of LF in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Antiviral immune response gene expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR in uninfected Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells treated with LF. An infection assay for SARS-CoV-2 was performed in Caco-2 cells treated or not with LF. SARS-CoV-2 titer was determined by qRT-PCR, plaque assay and immunostaining. Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine production was determined by qRT-PCR. LF significantly induced the expression of IFNA1, IFNB1, TLR3, TLR7, IRF3, IRF7 and MAVS genes. Furthermore, LF partially inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. Our in vitro data support LF as an immune modulator of the antiviral immune response with moderate effects against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. A-702
Author(s):  
Els van Hoffen ◽  
Nicoline M. Korthagen ◽  
Sander de Kivit ◽  
Bastiaan Schouten ◽  
Bart Bardoel ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Lenoir ◽  
Rebeca Martin ◽  
Edgar Torres-Maravilla ◽  
Sead Chadi ◽  
Pamela González-Dávila ◽  
...  

Abstract BackgroundThe commensal bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii plays a key role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis and serves as a general health biomarker in humans. However, the host molecular mechanisms that underlie its anti-inflammatory effects remain unknown.MethodsA transcriptomic approach on human intestinal epithelial cells (HT-29) that were stimulated with TNF-α and exposed to F. prausnitzii culture supernatant (SN) was used. Modulation of the most upregulated gene after F. prausnitzii SN contact was validated both in vitro and in vivo.ResultsF. prausnitzii SN upregulates the expression of Dact3, a gene linked to the Wnt/JNK pathway. Interestingly, when we silenced Dact3 expression, the effect of F. prausnitzii SN was lost. Butyrate was identified as the F. prausnitzii effector responsible for Dact3 modulation. Dact3 upregulation was also validated in vivo in both healthy and inflamed mice treated with either F. prausnitzii SN or the live bacteria, respectively. Finally, we demonstrated by colon transcriptomics that gut microbiota directly influences Dact3 expression.ConclusionsOur results provide new clues about the host molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of the beneficial commensal bacterium F. prausnitzii.*Contributed equally to this work


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2449
Author(s):  
Mariano Elean ◽  
Leonardo Albarracin ◽  
Kohtaro Fukuyama ◽  
Binghui Zhou ◽  
Mikado Tomokiyo ◽  
...  

Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis CRL 581 beneficially modulates the intestinal antiviral innate immune response triggered by the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist poly(I:C) in vivo. This study aimed to characterize further the immunomodulatory properties of the technologically relevant starter culture L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis CRL 581 by evaluating its interaction with intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages in the context of innate immune responses triggered by TLR3. Our results showed that the CRL 581 strain was able to adhere to porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells and mucins. The CRL 581 strain also augmented the expression of antiviral factors (IFN-α, IFN-β, Mx1, OAS1, and OAS2) and reduced inflammatory cytokines in PIE cells triggered by TLR3 stimulation. In addition, the influence of L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis CRL 581 on the response of murine RAW macrophages to the activation of TLR3 was evaluated. The CRL 581 strain was capable of enhancing the expression of IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, Mx1, OAS1, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Of note, the CRL 581 strain also augmented the expression of IL-10 in macrophages. The results of this study show that the high proteolytic strain L. delbrueckii spp. lactis CRL 581 was able to beneficially modulate the intestinal innate antiviral immune response by regulating the response of both epithelial cells and macrophages relative to TLR3 activation.


2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 928-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghalia Kaci ◽  
Denise Goudercourt ◽  
Véronique Dennin ◽  
Bruno Pot ◽  
Joël Doré ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTStreptococcus salivariusis one of the first colonizers of the human oral cavity and gut after birth and therefore may contribute to the establishment of immune homeostasis and regulation of host inflammatory responses. The anti-inflammatory potential ofS. salivariuswas first evaluatedin vitroon human intestinal epithelial cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We show that liveS. salivariusstrains inhibitedin vitrothe activation of the NF-κB pathway on intestinal epithelial cells. We also demonstrate that the liveS. salivariusJIM8772 strain significantly inhibited inflammation in severe and moderate colitis mouse models. Thesein vitroandin vivoanti-inflammatory properties were not found with heat-killedS. salivarius, suggesting a protective response exclusively with metabolically active bacteria.


2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 86-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
María G. Vizoso Pinto ◽  
Manuel Rodriguez Gómez ◽  
Stephanie Seifert ◽  
Bernhard Watzl ◽  
Wilhelm H. Holzapfel ◽  
...  

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