scholarly journals Update on the Role of Allergy in Pediatric Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders: A Clinical Perspective

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2056
Author(s):  
Craig Friesen ◽  
Jennifer Colombo ◽  
Jennifer Schurman
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Mast Cell Activation ◽  
Oral Allergy Syndrome ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Clinical Perspective ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain ◽  
Food Antigens

Both functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) and food allergies are relatively common in children and adolescents, and most studies report an association between FAPDs and allergic conditions. FAPDs share pathophysiologic processes with allergies, including both immune and psychological processes interacting with the microbiome. No conclusive data are implicating IgE-mediated reactions to foods in FAPDs; however, there may be patients who have IgE reactions localized to the gastrointestinal mucosa without systemic symptoms that are not identified by common tests. In FAPDs, the data appears stronger for aeroallergens than for foods. It also remains possible that food antigens initiate an IgG reaction that promotes mast cell activation. If a food allergen is identified, the management involves eliminating the specific food from the diet. In the absence of systemic allergic symptoms or oral allergy syndrome, it appears unlikely that allergic triggers for FAPDs can be reliably identified by standard testing. Medications used to blunt allergic reactions or symptomatically treat allergic reactions may be useful in FAPDs. The purpose of the current manuscript is to review the current literature regarding the role of allergy in FAPDs from a clinical perspective, including how allergy may fit in the current model of FAPDs.

The role of psychological factors in pediatric functional abdominal pain disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. e13538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Newton ◽  
Alex Schosheim ◽  
Samit Patel ◽  
Denesh K. Chitkara ◽  
Miranda A. L. Tilburg
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain

A Survey of Methodologies for Assessing Mast Cell Density and Activation in Patients with Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-155
Author(s):  
Hunter Friesen ◽  
Meenal Singh ◽  
Vivekanand Singh ◽  
Jennifer V. Schurman ◽  
Craig A. Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Mast Cell Activation ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain ◽  
Mast Cell Density ◽  
Selection Of

The aim was to assess methods utilized in assessing mast cell involvement in functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs), specifically to describe variability in methods utilized to assess both mast cell density and activation and determine if a consensus exists. After a literature search identified 70 manuscripts assessing mast cell density, data were extracted including FAPD diagnosis, site of biopsy, selection of microscopic fields analyzed, selection of mucosal region analyzed, method of mast cell identification, method to assess mast cell density, and if performed, method to assess mast cell activation. There appears to be some consensus favoring inmmunohistochemical stains over histochemical stains for identifying mast cells. Otherwise, considerable variability exists in methodology for assessing mast cell density and activation. Regardless of method, approximately 80% of studies found increased mast cell density and/or activation in comparison to controls with no method being superior. A wide variety of methods have been employed to assess mast cell density and activation with no well-established consensus and inadequate data to recommend specific approaches. The current methodology providing physiologic information needs to be translated to a standard methodology providing clinical information with the development of criteria establishing abnormal density and/or activation, and more importantly, predicting treatment response.

scholarly journals Role of erector spinae plane block in controlling functional abdominal pain

Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (39) ◽  
pp. e27335
Author(s):  
Kyudon Chung ◽  
Seung Tae Choi ◽  
Eun Hwa Jun ◽  
Se Gyu Choi ◽  
Eung Don Kim
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain ◽  
Erector Spinae Plane Block

scholarly journals Nutrition of children and gastrointestinal microflora in the insult of diagnostic parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Frajberg ◽  
Katarzyna Eufemia Przybyłowicz ◽  
Lucyna Kłe˛bukowska
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fodmap Diet

AbstractDoes dietary intervention affect the change of the intestinal microflora, causes the unsealing of the intestinal mucosa. After four weeks of dietary intervention with FODMAP diets and a diet based on NICE recommendations in children with functional abdominal pain, the intestinal microflora will change and the level of zonulin will decrease.Bacterial intestine, intestinal bacteria is a set of microorganisms, the main bacteria that form a complex ecosystem in the digestive tract. Scientific research indicates that some bacteria may contribute to the formation of certain disease entities.Children with functional abdominal pain participated in the research.The study was a randomized intervention and a double-blind test. 32 children were examined, patients of gastroenterological counseling center of the Provincial Specialist Children's Hospital in Olsztyn. Children were 4–12 years old, functional abdominal pain was diagnosed on the basis of Roman criteria, a positive decision of the gastroenterologist regarding the inclusion of the patient, conscious and voluntary consent of the child's guardian to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria include irritable bowel syndrome, abdominal migraine, diagnosed food allergies or food intolerance, the coexistence of chronic diseases or antibiotic therapy in the last 8 weeks.The dietary intervention lasted 4 weeks, meals were prepared on the basis of a menu developed by a dietician.Diagnostic tests were carried out before and after dietary intervention. One group of children with functional abdominal pain received the Fodmap diet, the second group, a diet based on NICE recommendations.The intestinal microflora, the level of zonulin in the stool were tested and the organic acids in the urine were determined by capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometers (GC/MS).A preliminary analysis of test conditions prior to dietary intervention was found.Dysbiosis occurred in all 26 children (4 children did not perform the test). An increased number of Bacteroides spp. Was observed in the majority of children in stool tests, studies have reported that the growth of this bacterium in the intestinal microflora occurs in IBD intestinal inflammatory syndrome. Preliminary researches show that this bacterium was dominant in the examined children. In the test, an intermediate urine dysbiosis test of 24 out of 26 children was tested had at least one parameter elevated. After the dietary intervention, the diet had an effect on changing the intestinal microflora, changing the parameters of dysbiosis and the parameter of zonulin, although more research is needed on a larger population.

scholarly journals Diet Diversity Through the Life-Course as an Opportunity Toward Food Allergy Prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia C. I. Spolidoro ◽  
Domenico Azzolino ◽  
Matteo Cesari ◽  
Carlo Agostoni
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Immune Tolerance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Allergy Prevention ◽  
Early Exposure ◽  
Diet Diversity ◽  
Food Antigens ◽  
The Life Course

The prevalence of food allergies (FA) is increasing worldwide. Generally, the onset of allergies, including FA, begins in early childhood and may persist and/or develop through the life-course. Even though epidemiological studies have focused mainly on children, allergies can also occur for the first-time during adulthood. Within the prolongation of life, it is expected that allergies will be encountered more often even in older people. Recent findings suggest that an early exposure to diverse food antigens may promote the development of immune tolerance. Accordingly, diet diversity during the first year of life or even earlier may have a positive impact on the prevention of allergies. The anti-inflammatory properties of some dietary nutrients may positively contribute to a tolerogenic immune environment too. Diet diversity is associated with a more favorable microbiome, and increasing evidence suggests a promising role of gut microbiota manipulation in inducing immune tolerance. Unjustified avoidance of allergenic foods may expose to intakes of some nutrients below recommended levels through the life-course, even more in cases of self-diagnosis and treatment of presumed forms of food intolerance. Nutritional strategies including the early exposure to a variety of food antigens are a promising area of research for preventive purposes through the life-course possibly extending positive outcomes to older stages. The aim of this paper is to highlight the role of diet diversity in preventing the development of FA starting in early life, as well as to provide an overview of the main strategies to prevent related nutritional issues throughout the life-course.

scholarly journals Oral Mucosa as a Potential Site for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 970
Author(s):  
Cristina Gomez-Casado ◽  
Javier Sanchez-Solares ◽  
Elena Izquierdo ◽  
Araceli Díaz-Perales ◽  
Domingo Barber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Epithelial Barrier ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Allergenic Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Signals ◽  
Respiratory Allergies ◽  
Older Subjects

Most prevalent food allergies during early childhood are caused by foods with a high allergenic protein content, such as milk, egg, nuts, or fish. In older subjects, some respiratory allergies progressively lead to food-induced allergic reactions, which can be severe, such as urticaria or asthma. Oral mucosa remodeling has been recently proven to be a feature of severe allergic phenotypes and autoimmune diseases. This remodeling process includes epithelial barrier disruption and the release of inflammatory signals. Although little is known about the immune processes taking place in the oral mucosa, there are a few reports describing the oral mucosa-associated immune system. In this review, we will provide an overview of the recent knowledge about the role of the oral mucosa in food-induced allergic reactions, as well as in severe respiratory allergies or food-induced autoimmune diseases, such as celiac disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document