scholarly journals The Relationship of Tree Nuts and Peanuts with Adiposity Parameters: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2251
Author(s):  
Rubén Fernández-Rodríguez ◽  
Arthur E. Mesas ◽  
Miriam Garrido-Miguel ◽  
Isabel A. Martínez-Ortega ◽  
Estela Jiménez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Tree Nuts ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The network meta-analysis and systematic review conducted aim to comparatively assess the effects of tree nuts and peanuts on body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body fat percentage (BF%). A systematic search up to 31 December 2020 was performed. A random-effects network meta-analysis was conducted following the PRISMA-NMA statement. A total of 105 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with measures of BW (n = 6768 participants), BMI (n = 2918), WC (n = 5045), and BF% (n = 1226) were included. The transitivity assumption was met based on baseline characteristics. In the comparisons of nut consumption versus a control diet, there was no significant increase observed in any of the adiposity-related measures examined except for hazelnut-enriched diets, which raised WC. Moreover, almond-enriched diets significantly reduced WC compared to the control diet and to the pistachio-, mixed nuts-, and hazelnut-enriched diets. In subgroup analyses with only RCTs, designed to assess whether nut consumption affected weight loss, almonds were associated with reduced BMI and walnuts with reduced %BF. The evidence supports that: (1) tree nut and peanut consumption do not influence adiposity, and (2) compared to a control diet, the consumption of almond-enriched diets was associated with a reduced waist circumference.

scholarly journals Profile and frequency of antiparkinsonian drugs adverse reactions: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
A. A. Tappakhov ◽  
T. E. Popova ◽  
A. I. Vasilev ◽  
T. G. Govorova ◽  
Yu. I. Khabarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ci Calculation ◽  
Antiparkinsonian Drugs

Objective: to assess the predictors and prevalence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with antiparkinsonian drugs.Materials and methods. 18 clinical studies and randomized controlled trials were included in the analysis. We combined all registered ADRs for each drug and made direct comparisons with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) calculation.Results and discussion. Levodopa/benserazide (LB) had the best safety profile among levodopa drugs. Levodopa/carbidopa (LC) compared with LB was associated with more frequent development of nausea (OR=2.8; 95% CI: 1.51–5.21), aggravation of parkinsonism (OR=4.44; 95% CI: 2.12–9.28) and dizziness (OR=3.32; 95% CI: 1.5–7.33; p=0.002). Piribedil had the lowest number of ADRs among dopamine receptor agonists. Dizziness was more common with pramipexole and ropinirole than with levodopa (OR=1.82; 95% CI: 1.21–2.74 and OR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.11–2.44 respectively). Increased daytime sleepiness and peripheral edema have also been associated with pramipexole. Arterial hypertension was present in 9.6% of patients prescribed with piribedil. Amantadine compared with pramipexole was associated with a higher risk of hallucinations (OR=2.27; 95% CI: 1.24–4.12) and constipation (OR=2.40; 95% CI: 1.14–5.05). Patients prescribed with selegeline had higher odds of dizziness (OR=3.40; 95% CI: 1.76–6.55) and hallucinations (OR=4.30; 95% CI: 1.83–10.09) compared to rasagiline.Conclusion. Based on the results, we propose a diagram of the relationship between ADRs and their frequency with antiparkinsonian drugs. We hope that the study will find clinical application and allow neurologists to consider the effectiveness and the expected risks of ADRs in the treatment of PD.

scholarly journals Comparisons of Waist Circumference Measurements at Five Different Anatomical Sites in Chinese Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoran Yang ◽  
Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Iliac Crest ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study compared the waist circumference (WC) measurements of Chinese children at different sites to determine the relationship between WC measurements and body fat. WC was measured at five sites in 255 subjects aged 9–19 years: immediately below the lowest rib (WC1), at the narrowest waist (WC2), the midpoint between the lowest rib and the iliac crest (WC3), 1 cm above the umbilicus (WC4), and immediately above the iliac crest (WC5). Body fat mass (FM), body fat percentage (% BF), body fat mass in the trunk (FM in the trunk), and fat percentage in the trunk (% BF in the trunk) were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The WCs were then compared through ANOVA with repeated measurement. The relationship of WC of each site with FM, % BF, FM in the trunk, and % BF in the trunk was examined through partial correlation. The WCs exhibited the following pattern: WC2 < WC1 < WC3 < WC4 < WC5 (p<0.001) in males and WC2 < WC1 < WC4, WC3 < WC5 (p<0.001) in females. The measured WCs were strongly correlated with FM, % BF, FM in the trunk, and % BF in the trunk. The WC measurements at five commonly used sites among Chinese children are different from one another. Results indicate that standardizing the anatomic point for the WC measurements is necessary.

scholarly journals Tree Nuts Improve Glycemic Control: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Dietary Trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Effie Viguiliouk ◽  
Cyril Kendall ◽  
Sonia Blanco Mejia ◽  
Adrian Cozma ◽  
Vanessa Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Tree Nuts ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Effect of Time-Restricted Feeding on Body Weight and Cardiometabolic Risks: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A8-A9
Author(s):  
Darin Ruanpeng ◽  
Sikarin Upala ◽  
Anawin Sanguankeo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction: Time-restricted eating (TRE) or time-restricted feeding (TRF), a form of intermittent fasting (IF) when food consumption is restricted to a 4–12 hour window, poses unique possible health benefits that allow the nutrient to work in harmony with circadian rhythm. Whether TRF is effective in weight loss and cardiometabolic profile compare to usual diet is controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized control trials to investigate the weight and metabolic effects of TRF in humans. Methods: The systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL from database inception to November 30, 2020. The search terms included time restricting feeding, time-restricted eating, periodic fasting, intermittent fasting, and periodic fasting. The eligibility criteria included a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing the effect of TRF as an intervention and control diet on weight and cardiometabolic risks in individuals with overweight (BMI 23–26.9 kg/m2 in Asian and 25–29.9 kg/m2 in others) or obesity (BMI≥27 kg/m2 in Asian and ≥30 kg/m2 in others) with study duration of at least 8 weeks. The primary outcome is the change in body weight between preintervention and postintervention. The secondary outcome is the change in total fat mass and lean mass, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides. Pool mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for each outcome. Results: Four articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. There were 511 participants with BMI 24 kg/m2 and above and aged between 18 and 65. TRF was defined as a 4–8 hours ad-lib unrestricted eating in 24 hours. The control diet was defined as ad-lib eating per usual habits. There was a significant improvement in weight and body composition in the TRF group. The mean weight loss was -2.08 kg (95% CI: -3.49 to -0.68) greater among TRF group. There was a significant total fat mass and lean mass loss in the TRF group with the MD of -1.29 kg (95% CI: -2.04 to -0.54) and -0.59 kg (95% CI: -1.15 to -0.03), respectively. There was no significant change in HDL, LDL, or triglycerides comparing between TRF and control diet. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis of RCT showed that TRF with no calories restriction resulted in significant decreased in weight, fat mass, and a slight decreased in total lean mass compared with control diet. Our findings support TRF as an effective lifestyle intervention for weight loss.

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