scholarly journals Independent Dose–Response Associations between Fetuin-A and Lean Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2928
Author(s):  
Chia-Wen Lu ◽  
Yi-Chen Lee ◽  
Chien-Hsieh Chiang ◽  
Hao-Hsiang Chang ◽  
Wei-Shiung Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Fetuin A ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Marginal Means ◽  
Lean Nafld

Patients with lean NAFLD make up an increasing subset of liver disease patients. The association between lean NAFLD and feutin-A, which serves as a hepatokine and adipokine, has never been examined. Our study aimed to explore the association of serum fetuin-A among lean and non-lean patients. The study comprised 606 adults from the community, stratified into lean or non-lean (BMI </≥ 24 kg/m2) and NAFLD or non-NAFLD (scoring of ultrasonographic fatty liver indicator, US-FLI ≥ 2/<2). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the odds ratio of having NAFLD among the tertiles of fetuin-A after adjustment. The least square means were computed by general linear models to estimate marginal means of the serum fetuin-A concentrations in relation to the NAFLD groups. The odds ratio (OR) of having NAFLD for the highest versus the lowest tertile of fetuin-A was 2.62 (95% CI: 1.72–3.98; p for trend < 0.001). Stratifying by BMI, the OR of having lean NAFLD for the highest versus the lowest tertile of fetuin-A was 2.09 (95% CI: 1.09–3.98; p for trend 0.026), while non-lean NAFLD had no significant association with the fetuin-A gradient after adjustments. Fetuin-A was positively associated with lean NAFLD after adjusting for central obesity and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Lean Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Risk of Incident Diabetes in a Euglycemic Population Receiving Health Checkups: A Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limin Wei ◽  
Xin Cheng ◽  
Yulong Luo ◽  
Rongxuan Yang ◽  
Zitong Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Incident Diabetes ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lean Nafld

Abstract Background: Although recent evidence suggests that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with insulin resistance and an increased risk of diabetes, the association between lean NAFLD and incident diabetes is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether lean NAFLD and overweight/obese NAFLD have similar or dissimilar effects on the risk of new-onset diabetes.Methods: A longitudinal study was performed in 14,482 euglycemic adults who participated in a health check-up program. Fatty liver was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography. The outcome of interest was incident diabetes.Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to calculate HRs with 95% CIs for future diabetes risk.Results: During the median 6.0 years of follow-up, 356 cases of diabetes occurred. Despite a low probability of hepatic fibrosis indicated by the BAAT score, lean NAFLD was positively associated with an increased risk of diabetes. Moreover, after adjusting for sociodemographic and potential confounders, the fullyadjusted HRs (95% CIs) for incident diabetes between lean NAFLD and overweight/obese NAFLD to the reference (lean without NAFLD) were 2.58 (95% CI 1.68 to 3.97) and 2.52 (95% CI 1.79 to 3.55), respectively. In post hoc analysis, the HR (95% CI) for diabetes comparing lean NAFLD to obese/overweight NAFLD was 1.02 (95% CI 0.68 to 1.54, p = 0.909). The results were robust to challenges in multiple subgroup analyses and appeared to be more pronounced for female participants (p for interaction = 0.005).Conclusions: In this cohort study, lean patients with NAFLD had a risk of incident type 2 diabetes similar to that of overweight/obese ones with NAFLD. These findings suggest that lean NAFLD is not a benign condition. Further investigations are needed to gain a better understanding of the pathogenesis and natural history of NAFLD in lean subjects.

scholarly journals Independent Association of Physical Activity with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Alanine Aminotransferase Levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jang ◽  
Lee ◽  
Lee ◽  
Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatocellular Injury ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
Lean Nafld

The aim of the current study was to examine the independent association of physical activity with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and aminotransferases while adjusting for obesity and diet. Cross-sectional data from 32,391 participants aged ≥ 20 years in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) was analyzed by logistic regression models and general linear models. Physical activity was assessed from the questionnaire by health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA). The physical activity was negatively associated with NAFLD and lean NAFLD after adjustment for multiple factors with an odds ratio of 0.7 (95% CI, 0.6–0.8) and 0.5 (95% CI, 0.4–0.7) comparing the most active (HEPA active) and the least active (inactive) participants. Among the participants with NAFLD, physical activity also showed an independent negative association with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels but not with aspartate aminotransferase levels. These independent associations were not observed when comparing the minimally active and inactive participants except for the risk of lean NAFLD. Physical activity is independently associated with the degree of hepatocellular injury in patients with NAFLD as well as the risk of NAFLD and lean NAFLD in the general population. Sufficiently active physical activity greater than a minimally active level may be needed to lower the risk of NAFLD and ALT levels.

scholarly journals A weight regain of 1.5 kg or more and lack of exercise are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease recurrence in men

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Nakanishi ◽  
Yoshitaka Hashimoto ◽  
Takuro Okamura ◽  
Akihiro Ohbora ◽  
Takao Kojima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Lack Of Exercise ◽  
Recurrence Group

AbstractThe importance of maintaining the remission of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been overlooked. Here we aimed to clarify factors causing NAFLD recurrence. In this retrospective cohort study over 10.8 ± 5.4 years, we investigated 1260 male health check-up participants diagnosed with NAFLD who achieved remission. The data were compared between the maintained remission and recurrence group. Among all participants, 618 (49.0%) showed NAFLD recurrence at the last visit. Participants in the maintained remission group continued to lose weight (72.7 ± 9.1, 68.7 ± 8.5 and 68.2 ± 8.9 kg), whereas those in the recurrence group lost and regained weight (72.9 ± 9.9, 69.7 ± 9.3 and 73.0 ± 10.4 kg). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed a weight regain of + 1.5 kg as the cutoff value for recurrence. The proportion of regular exercisers at the last visit was 34.6% in the maintained remission group and 24.5% in the recurrence group (p < 0.0001). Multivariable analysis revealed the amount of weight regain (in 1 kg increments; adjusted odds ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.24–1.34) and regular exercise at the last visit (adjusted odds ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.55–0.89) were independently associated with recurrence. These findings demonstrate a weight regain of 1.5 kg or more and lack of exercise were associated with NAFLD recurrence.

scholarly journals Hypoxic Signaling and Cholesterol Lipotoxicity in Fatty Liver Disease Progression

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oren Tirosh
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Disease Progression ◽  
Lean Nafld

Cholesterol is the only lipid whose absorption in the gastrointestinal tract is limited by gate-keeping transporters and efflux mechanisms, preventing its rapid absorption and accumulation in the liver and blood vessels. In this review, I explored the current data regarding cholesterol accumulation in liver cells and key mechanisms in cholesterol-induced fatty liver disease associated with the activation of deleterious hypoxic and nitric oxide signal transduction pathways. Although nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects both obese and nonobese individuals, the mechanism of NAFLD progression in lean individuals with healthy metabolism is puzzling. Lean NAFLD individuals exhibit normal metabolic responses, implying that liver damage is not associated with impaired metabolism per se and that direct lipotoxic effects are crucial for disease progression. Several redox and oxidant signaling pathways involving cholesterol are at play in fatty liver disease development. These include impairment of the mitochondrial and lysosomal function by cholesterol loading of the inner-cell membranes; formation of cholesterol crystals and hepatocyte degradation; and crown-like structures surrounding degrading hepatocytes, activating Kupffer cells, and evoking inflammation. The current review focuses on the induction of liver inflammation, fibrosis, and steatosis by free cholesterol via the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), a main oxygen-sensing transcription factor involved in all stages of NAFLD. Cholesterol loading in hepatocytes can result in chronic HIF-1α activity because of the decreased oxygen availability and excessive production of nitric oxide and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.

scholarly journals Serum Fetuin-A Associated With Fatty Liver Index, Early Indicator of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Medicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (39) ◽  
pp. e1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Huang ◽  
Xiaolin Huang ◽  
Lin Ding ◽  
Po Wang ◽  
Kui Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fetuin A ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Early Indicator ◽  
Liver Index ◽  
Fatty Liver Index

scholarly journals Liver Fibrosis Indices and Outcomes After Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 830-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal S. Parikh ◽  
Hooman Kamel ◽  
Babak B. Navi ◽  
Costantino Iadecola ◽  
Alexander E. Merkler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Hematoma Expansion ◽  
Hematoma Volume ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Background and Purpose— Cirrhosis—clinically overt, advanced liver disease—is associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke and poor stroke outcomes. We sought to investigate whether subclinical liver disease, specifically liver fibrosis, is associated with clinical and radiological outcomes in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods— We performed a retrospective cohort study using data from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive–Intracerebral Hemorrhage. We included adult patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage presenting within 6 hours of symptom onset. We calculated 3 validated fibrosis indices—Aspartate Aminotransferase–Platelet Ratio Index, Fibrosis-4 score, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fibrosis Score—and modeled them as continuous exposure variables. Primary outcomes were admission hematoma volume and hematoma expansion. Secondary outcomes were mortality, and the composite of major disability or death, at 90 days. We used linear and logistic regression models adjusted for previously established risk factors. Results— Among 432 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, the mean Aspartate Aminotransferase–Platelet Ratio Index, Fibrosis-4, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fibrosis Score values on admission reflected intermediate probabilities of fibrosis, whereas standard hepatic assays and coagulation parameters were largely normal. After adjusting for potential confounders, Aspartate Aminotransferase–Platelet Ratio Index was associated with hematoma volume (β, 0.20 [95% CI, 0.04–0.36]), hematoma expansion (odds ratio, 1.6 [95% CI, 1.1–2.3]), and mortality (odds ratio, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.1–2.7]). Fibrosis-4 was also associated with hematoma volume (β, 0.27 [95% CI, 0.07–0.47]), hematoma expansion (odds ratio, 1.9 [95% CI, 1.2–3.0]), and mortality (odds ratio, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.1–3.6]). Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fibrosis Score was not associated with any outcome. Indices were not associated with the composite of major disability or death. Conclusions— In patients with largely normal liver chemistries, 2 liver fibrosis indices were associated with admission hematoma volume, hematoma expansion, and mortality after intracerebral hemorrhage.

scholarly journals Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Thrombocytopenia III: Its Association With Insulin Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 107602961988869
Author(s):  
Miguel Antonio López-Trujillo ◽  
Jesús Mauricio Olivares-Gazca ◽  
Yahveth Cantero-Fortiz ◽  
Yarely Itzayana García-Navarrete ◽  
Antonio Cruz-Mora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Statistical Association ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Significant Statistical Association

Thrombocytopenia (less than 100 × 109/L platelets) presents in around one quarter of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the hepatic component of insulin resistance (IR). It is unknown whether IR, by itself, associates with thrombocytopenia. Persons with NAFLD and/or IR were prospectively accrued in the study after February 2018. Insulin resistance was defined by assessing α hydroxybutyrate, lynoleoyl glycerolphosphocoline, oleic acid, and insulin (Quantose IR), whereas the presence of NAFLD was defined by serologic determinations (Fibromax) and liver transient elastography (Fibroscan). In 78 patients with NAFLD, thrombocytopenia was identified in 22 (28%), whereas in 19 persons with IR, 14 (73%) were found to have NAFLD. In persons with IR + NAFLD, thrombocytopenia presented in 9 (64%). In the subset of patients with IR, the prevalence of thrombocytopenia was 52%. There was only 1 patient with IR/without NAFLD who displayed thrombocytopenia. Significant statistical association between NAFLD and thrombocytopenia was found (odds ratio [OR]: = 13, confidence interval [CI]: 1.5-162, P = .05), whereas there was no association between IR and thrombocytopenia (OR = 0.38, CI: 0.06-2.3, P = .61). Insulin resistance, by itself, was not found to be associated with diminished platelet counts. The presence of NAFLD, one of the consequences of IR, seems to be required to lead into thrombocytopenia.

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