scholarly journals The “Adipo-Cerebral” Dialogue in Childhood Obesity: Focus on Growth and Puberty. Physiopathological and Nutritional Aspects

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3434
Author(s):  
Carmine Bruno ◽  
Edoardo Vergani ◽  
Michele Giusti ◽  
Alessandro Oliva ◽  
Clelia Cipolla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
System Function ◽  
Central Nervous System Function ◽  
Endocrine Activity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Nervous System Function

Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents are overwhelming problems in western countries. Adipocytes, far from being only fat deposits, are capable of endocrine functions, and the endocrine activity of adipose tissue, resumable in adipokines production, seems to be a key modulator of central nervous system function, suggesting the existence of an “adipo-cerebral axis.” This connection exerts a key role in children growth and puberty development, and it is exemplified by the leptin–kisspeptin interaction. The aim of this review was to describe recent advances in the knowledge of adipose tissue endocrine functions and their relations with nutrition and growth. The peculiarities of major adipokines are briefly summarized in the first paragraph; leptin and its interaction with kisspeptin are focused on in the second paragraph; the third paragraph deals with the regulation of the GH-IGF axis, with a special focus on the model represented by growth hormone deficiency (GHD); finally, old and new nutritional aspects are described in the last paragraph.

scholarly journals Pathophysiology of depression and mechanisms of treatment

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-20 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Drug Action ◽  
System Function ◽  
Central Nervous System Function ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Monoaminergic System ◽  
Nervous System Function ◽  
Multiple Interactions

Major depression is a serious disorder of enormous sociological and clinical relevance. The discovery of antidepressant drugs in the 1950s led to the first biochemical hypothesis of depression, which suggested that an impairment in central monoaminergic function was the major lesion underlying the disorder. Basic research in all fields of neuroscience (including genetics) and the discovery of new antidepressant drugs have revolutionized our understanding of the mechanisms underlying depression and drug action. There is no doubt that the monoaminergic system is one of the cornerstones of these mechanisms, but multiple interactions with other brain systems and the regulation of central nervous system function must also be taken into account In spite of all the progress achieved so far, we must be aware that many open questions remain to be resolved in the future.

Central Nervous System Function in Dialysis Patients: A Practical Approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen R. Nissenson ◽  
James T. Marsh ◽  
Warren S. Brown ◽  
Deane L. Wolcott
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Practical Approach ◽  
System Function ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Central Nervous System Function ◽  
Nervous System Function

Central nervous system function after cardiopulmonary bypass

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 885-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. ZEITLHOFER ◽  
S. ASENBAUM ◽  
C. SPISS ◽  
A. WIMMER ◽  
N. MAYR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
System Function ◽  
Central Nervous System Function ◽  
Nervous System Function
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