Purchasing Behavior, Setting, Pricing, Family: Determinants of School Lunch Participation

Despite growing school lunch availability in Germany, its utilization is still low, and students resort to unhealthy alternatives. We investigated predictors of school lunch participation and reasons for nonparticipation in 1215 schoolchildren. Children reported meal habits, parents provided family-related information (like socioeconomic status), and anthropometry was conducted on-site in schools. Associations between school lunch participation and family-related predictors were estimated using logistic regression controlling for age and gender if necessary. School was added as a random effect. School lunch participation was primarily associated with family factors. While having breakfast on schooldays was positively associated with school lunch participation (ORadj = 2.20, p = 0.002), lower secondary schools (ORadj = 0.52, p < 0.001) and low SES (ORadj = 0.25, p < 0.001) were negatively associated. The main reasons for nonparticipation were school- and lunch-related factors (taste, time constraints, pricing). Parents reported pricing as crucial a reason as an unpleasant taste for nonparticipation. Nonparticipants bought sandwiches and energy drinks significantly more often on school days, whereas participants were less often affected by overweight (OR = 0.66, p = 0.043). Our data stress school- and lunch-related factors as an important opportunity to foster school lunch utilization.

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Country, age, and gender differences in the prevalence of screen-based behaviour and family-related factors among school-aged children

Acta Gymnica ◽

10.5507/ag.2016.011 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 143-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jan Pavelka ◽

Daniela Husarova ◽

Anna Sevcikova ◽

Andrea Madarasova Geckova

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Related Factors ◽

Age And Gender ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Age And Gender Differences ◽

And Gender

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Psychological Well-being, Age and Gender can Mediate Soundscapes Pleasantness and Eventfulness: A large sample study

10.1101/2020.10.16.341834 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mercede Erfanian ◽

Andrew Mitchell ◽

Francesco Aletta ◽

Jian Kang

Keyword(s):

Sound Source ◽

Well Being ◽

Psychological State ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Related Factors ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

The Mean ◽

And Gender ◽

The Impact

AbstractThere is a great deal of literature on contributing environmental factors of soundscape, the perception of the acoustic environment by humans in context. Yet the impact of some contextual and person-related factors is largely unknown. From the questionnaire, adapted from ISO12913-2 and the WHO-5 well-being index, three questions arose: are there differences in Pleasantness and Eventfulness of soundscape among different acoustic environments; are high levels of psychological well-being associated with increased Pleasantness and Eventfulness ratings; and is soundscape Pleasantness and Eventfulness consistent among different age and gender groups? The sample comprised 1180 individual questionnaires, 621 females (52.6%), 532 males (45.1%), mean age 34.95 years ± 15.62, collected from eleven urban locations. Hierarchical clustering analysis was done on the mean of each sound source question for each survey location resulting in three clusters of locations based on sound source composition: Natural-dominant, Traffic-dominant and Mixed-sources. A Kruskal-Wallis was conducted to compare the mean Pleasantness and Eventfulness scores of the three clusters, demonstrating that the soundscape assessment was significantly different depending on sound source composition. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyse the relationship between psychological well-being, age, and gender with soundscape Pleasantness and Eventfulness. Our results indicated first that the positive psychological state was associated with Pleasantness in the all-locations and mixed-sources clusters, and with Eventfulness in the traffic-dominant cluster. Secondly, while age was linked to Pleasantness in all clusters it was merely associated with the Eventfulness in the all-locations cluster. Lastly, gender was associated with Pleasantness only in the all-locations cluster. These findings offer empirical grounds for developing theories of the contextual factors on soundscape.

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Maintenance Requirements Associated With Mandibular Implant Overdentures: Clinical Results After First Year of Service

Journal of Oral Implantology ◽

10.1563/aaid-joi-d-10-00096 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 697-704 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Hakan Bilhan ◽

Onur Geckili ◽

Emre Mumcu ◽

Caglar Bilmenoglu

Keyword(s):

Clinical Study ◽

Clinical Results ◽

Bite Force ◽

First Year ◽

Significant Relation ◽

Related Factors ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Adaptation Condition ◽

And Gender ◽

Maintenance Requirements

The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the prosthodontic maintenance requirements during the first year of service of mandibular overdentures supported by interforaminal implants and to assess the influence of attachment type, implant number, and bite force on these requirements. Fifty-nine patients treated with mandibular implant overdentures between the years 2004 and 2009 and appearing in the 12th-month recall were included in this study. The overdentures constituted 4 groups: 2 single interforaminal implants (1 group with locator and 1 group with ball attachments), 3 single interforaminal implants, 3 splinted interforaminal implants (bar), and 4 splinted interforaminal implants (bar). During the examination, prosthetic parameters such as occlusion, tissue adaptation, condition of the retentive mechanism (matrice and patrice), and the condition of the denture-bearing tissues were evaluated and recorded. No statistically significant relation was found between attachment type, bite force values, implant number, and the occurring complications except the need for relining, which was found significantly more in the ball attachments than in other attachment groups (P = .03). After 12 months following the overdenture insertion, there seems to be no relation between occurring complications and patient-related factors, such as maximum bite force, age, and gender, as well as factors related to the overdentures such as number and type of attachments.

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Characteristics of corneal Q value and its related factors in cataract patients before operation

10.21203/rs.2.15989/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Chen Li ◽

Jianqing Li ◽

Yihong Cao ◽

Jiaju Zhang ◽

Peirong Lu

Keyword(s):

Pearson Correlation ◽

Age Groups ◽

Posterior Surface ◽

Anterior Surface ◽

Q Value ◽

Related Factors ◽

Age And Gender ◽

And Gender ◽

Q Values ◽

Cataract Patients

Abstract Background: To determine corneal Q value and its related factors in cataract patients. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. In all, this study enrolled 121 eligible eyes of 121 cataract patients. The corneal Q values of anterior and posterior surfaces were measured in central 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 mm zone using the Sirius System. Age and gender were recorded. Cataract was diagnosed using slit-lamp examination. Results: The average Q value of the anterior surface in 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 mm zone were 0.09±0.42, 0.02±0.27, -0.04±0.20 and -0.11±0.17, respectively. The average Q value of the posterior surface in 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 mm zone were 0.02±0.81, -0.28±0.56, -0.37±0.43, -0.41±0.30, respectively. The Q values of the anterior surface at 6.0 mm zone and the posterior surface in 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 mm zone were statistically significant (p<0.05) across different age groups. The Q values of the posterior surfaces in 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 mm zone were statistically significant (p<0.05) between the male and the female groups. The Q values of the anterior surface in the 6.0 mm zone were positively correlated with Z40 cornea (Pearson correlation =0.796, p<0.001), Z40 CF (Pearson correlation =0.840, p<0.001), Z33,-3 CF (Pearson correlation =0.236, p=0.009) and total corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) (Pearson correlation =0.305, p<0.001); While the Q values of the posterior surface in the 6.0 mm zone were negatively correlated with Z31,-1 cornea (Pearson correlation =-0.212, p=0.019), Z33,-3 cornea (Pearson correlation =-0.179, p=0.049), Z33,-3 CF (Pearson correlation =-0.190, p=0.037), Z31,-1 CB (Pearson correlation =-0.534, p<0.001), Z40 CB (Pearson correlation =-0.878, p<0.001) and total corneal HOAs (Pearson correlation =-0.220, p=0.015). Conclusions: There were great individual differences between the corneal Q values of the cataract patients. Age, sex and HOAs seemed to be correlated with the Q values. Keywords: Q value; aberrations; cataract; Sirius; Scheimpflug photography

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Health related factors contributing to COVID-19 fatality rates in various communities across the world

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.13876 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (09) ◽

pp. 1263-1272

Author(s):

Jamal Kareem Shakor ◽

Rawand Abdulrahman Isa ◽

Muhammed Babakir Mina ◽

Salar Ibrahim Ali ◽

Taib Ahmad Hama-Soor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Health ◽

Case Fatality Rate ◽

Case Fatality ◽

The United States ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Fatality Rate ◽

Related Factors ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Gender Distribution ◽

And Gender

Introduction: Factors such as comorbidity, age and gender distribution are mostly related to hospitalization, numbers requiring intensive care and case fatality rate. In this review, the fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in different population health background according to comorbidity, age, gender distribution, and laboratory prognosis for COVID-19. Methodology: The current review was based on the data from copious studies that had homogeneity in relation to the review’s objectives. It included the newest studies from December 2019 to September 2020. The epidemiological reasons for the high morbidity and mortality rates among COVID-19 patients were analyzed in different countries. Results: The highest comorbidity prevalence of COVID-19 was recorded in the United States of America (USA) (93.9%) and Italy (68%). Among population health background factors, comorbidity was the most common cause of COVID-19 fatality in the USA. The mean age of the most COVID-19 fatalities was more than 60 years old. Most of the studies show that 60% of COVID-19 patients were male. The fatality rates for the age group of 80-89 years-old in Korea, China, and Italy were 8.7 %, 14.7 %, and 18.8 % respectively. Lymphocytopenia has been observed in 91% of COVID-19 death cases. C - reactive protein had increased in 40-60% of COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: Many factors contribute to COVID-19 severity and fatality rates. Comorbidity, age, and gender were the main reasons for the Case Fatality Rate. This review recommends to follow preventive measures for overcoming the challenges faced during this emerging pandemic disease.

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Familial Clustering of Trends in Aggression

Journal of Quantitative Criminology ◽

10.1007/s10940-021-09523-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Camiel M. van der Laan ◽

Steve G. A. van de Weijer ◽

Michel G. Nivard ◽

Dorret I. Boomsma

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Variance Components ◽

Family Factors ◽

Self Report ◽

Age And Gender ◽

The Past ◽

Trends Over Time ◽

And Gender ◽

The Life Course ◽

Over Time

Abstract Objectives Examine trends in aggressive behavior from 1991 to 2015, investigate whether these trends apply equally to all individuals, and explore the extent to which differences in trends over time cluster within families. Methods Our study included 69,465 measures from 40,400 individuals, from 15,437 Dutch families. Aggression was measured between 1 and 4 times by self-report. We fitted a mixed effects model, modeling the effect of time, age, and gender on aggression, and considering the three levels of nesting in the data, i.e. repeated measures, individuals, and families. To investigate if individual differences in trends in aggression over time cluster within families, variance in aggression and in time and age effects was partitioned into within- and between family variance components. Results We found a steady decline in aggression over time, between 1991 and 2015, as well as over the life course. Across time and age, women had slightly higher levels of aggression than men. There was clear evidence for clustering within, and variation between families, both in overall aggression levels and in time effects. Conclusions We confirm earlier findings of a decline in aggression over the past decades. Not all individuals follow the downward trend over time for aggression to the same extent. Trends over time cluster within families, demonstrating that family factors are not only important to explain variation in aggression levels, but also in understanding differences between individuals in time trends.

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