Association between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Executive Function in Children

The association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and executive function among children has been less investigated. We aimed to explore this topic. We randomly recruited 6387 children aged 6–12 years from five elementary schools in Guangzhou, China in 2019. Information on frequency and servings of children’s SSB consumption was assessed using a questionnaire. Children’s executive function was evaluated using parents’ ratings of the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF), which comprises eight subscales—including inhibit, shift, emotional control, initiate, working memory, plan/organize, organization of materials and monitor, as well as three composite indexes including behavioral regulation index (BRI), metacognition index (MI), and global executive index (GEC). SSB consumption was positively associated with all subscales and composite scores of BRIEF as well as higher risks of elevated executive difficulties, indicating poorer executive function. For example, children who drank SSB ≥2 times/week were related to higher scores of GEC (estimates, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.44, 1.79 to 3.09) compared with those who never drank SSB. The odds ratio of elevated GEC associated with SSB consumption ≥2 times/week was 1.62 (95% CI: 1.34, 1.96) than non-consumers. The results of this study indicated that SSB consumption was associated with poorer executive function in children.

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Assessment of the Frequency of Sweetened Beverages Consumption among Adults in Poland

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18137029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (13) ◽

pp. 7029

Author(s):

Agnieszka Piekara ◽

Małgorzata Krzywonos

Keyword(s):

Point Of View ◽

Survey Study ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Economic Point ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽

Beverage Consumption ◽

Obesity Epidemic ◽

Young Males ◽

Sweetened Beverage ◽

Sweetened Beverages

Background: in the context of the ongoing obesity epidemic and increase in cases of metabolic disorders among the population, it is significant, from the health, nutritional, and economic point of view, to a look at the habits of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption of adults in Poland. This study aims to determine the sweetened beverages, which are the most popular and most frequently consumed by Polish consumers in correlation with sex, age, income, and education of the studied group of adults. Methods: The survey study was based on the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) and was conducted on a representative sample of 500 adult Poles, within the period from May to June 2020. The fundamental stage of the survey included the question, which asked the respondents to assess the frequency of consuming selected eleven sweetened or unsweetened beverages. Socio-economic characteristics of the respondents were considered when evaluating whether these factors aligned with the behaviors regarding the frequency of beverage consumption. Results: The consumption of SSBs tends to decrease along with consumer’s age. A decrease, which could be associated with level of consumers’ education level and correlation with income could not be verified. Adults drink sugar sweetened beverages less often than younger consumers, and women drink them less often than men. Conclusions: Identification of the frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage intake can indicate directions for further national or regional action against the spread of obesity. Moreover, attention should be drawn to young males who consume beverages abundant in high sugar most often.

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Reduction in sugar-sweetened beverages is not associated with more water or diet drinks

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980010002727 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 1388-1393 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Jenny Veitch ◽

Amika Singh ◽

Maartje M van Stralen ◽

Willem van Mechelen ◽

Johannes Brug ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Controlled Trial ◽

Reducing Sugar ◽

Intervention Effect ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽

Beverage Consumption ◽

Sweetened Beverage ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Diet Drinks

AbstractObjectiveThe Dutch Obesity Intervention in Teenagers (DOiT) is a school-based randomised controlled trial that was effective in decreasing the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among adolescents. The present study examined, using mediation analysis, whether this decrease in consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages could be explained by an increase in the consumption of water or diet drinks.DesignParticipants completed a questionnaire about their beverage consumption at baseline and at 8 months (immediately post-intervention), 12- and 20-month follow-ups. A series of multi-level linear regression analyses were performed to examine water and diet drink consumption as potential mediators of the intervention effect on the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.SettingEighteen Dutch secondary schools.SubjectsA total of 747 adolescents (mean age: 12·7 years).ResultsIn addition to the DoiT intervention effect of a reduction in the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages at 8 months (−284 ml/d; 95 % CI −420, −148) and 12 months (−260 ml/d; 95 % CI −360, −160), there was also a significant reduction in diet drinks at 8 months (−52 ml/d; 95 % CI −89, −16). There was no significant difference in water consumption at any follow-up. The decrease in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption could not be explained by an increase in water or diet drink consumption at any time point.ConclusionsInterventions aimed at reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption may be effective without changing consumption of other beverages. Reducing sugar-sweetened beverages was, however, a main message of the DOiT intervention. It is possible that a concomitant promotion of water may have resulted in a greater increase in water intake and replacement of sugar-sweetened beverages with water.

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Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption from 1998–2017: Findings from the health behaviour in school-aged children/school health research network in Wales

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0248847 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. e0248847

Author(s):

Kelly Morgan ◽

Emily Lowthian ◽

Jemma Hawkins ◽

Britt Hallingberg ◽

Manal Alhumud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

School Health ◽

Energy Drinks ◽

Research Network ◽

Socioeconomic Group ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽

Beverage Consumption ◽

Sweetened Beverage ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Consumption Rates

To date no study has examined time trends in adolescent consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and energy drinks, or modelled change in inequalities over time. The present study aimed to fill this gap by identifying historical trends among secondary school students in Wales, United Kingdom. The present study includes 11–16 year olds who completed the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey and the Welsh School Health Research Network (SHRN) survey between 1998 to 2017. Multinomial regression models were employed alongside tests for interaction effects. A total of 176,094 student responses were assessed. From 1998 to 2017, the prevalence of daily sugar-sweetened beverage consumption decreased (57% to 18%) while weekly consumption has remained constant since 2006 (49% to 52%). From 2013 to 2017, daily consumption of energy drinks remained stable (6%) while weekly consumption reports steadily decreased (23% to 15%). Boys, older children and those from a low socioeconomic group reported higher consumption rates of sugar-sweetened beverages and energy drinks. Consumption according to socioeconomic group was the only characteristic to show a statistically significant change over time, revealing a widening disparity between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption rates of those from low and high socioeconomic groups. Findings indicate a positive shift in overall consumption rates of both sugar-sweetened beverages and energy drinks. Adolescents from a low socioeconomic group however were consistently shown to report unfavourable sugar-sweetened beverages consumption when compared to peers from high socioeconomic group. Given the established longer term impacts of sugar-sweetened beverage and energy drink consumption on adolescent health outcomes, urgent policy action is required to reduce overall consumption rates, with close attention to equity of impact throughout policy design and evaluation plans.

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Taxing sugar-sweetened beverages: a survey of knowledge, attitudes and behaviours

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980011002898 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 1355-1361 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Cheryl Rivard ◽

Danielle Smith ◽

Susan E McCann ◽

Andrew Hyland

Keyword(s):

Telephone Interview ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽

Beverage Consumption ◽

Sweetened Beverage ◽

The Past ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Random Digit ◽

The Usa ◽

Frequent Consumption

AbstractObjectiveTo assess current beverage consumption patterns and anticipated reaction to an added 20 % tax on these products.DesignA random-digit dialled telephone interview lasting 20 min was administered to assess demographics, beverage consumption behaviours and intentions regarding consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in the event of an additional tax on these beverages.SettingRespondents were recruited throughout the USA.SubjectsThe study included 592 adults.ResultsSixty-nine per cent of respondents reported consuming at least one pre-packaged sugar-sweetened beverage in the past week; those who consumed sugar-sweetened beverages averaged seven pre-packaged beverages per week. Ninety-one per cent knew that frequent consumption of soft drinks increases risk of obesity. Thirty-six per cent supported a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages with greatest support among those aged 18–24 years, those with BMI < 30 kg/m2 and those with higher levels of education (P < 0·05). Over one-third of respondents said that they would cut back on their sweetened beverage consumption in the event of an added 20 % tax on these beverages.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that an added tax on these beverages could influence some to cut down on their consumption, reducing their risk of obesity and related illnesses.

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