Effectiveness of a Per-Meal Protein Prescription and Nutrition Education with versus without Diet Coaching on Dietary Protein Intake and Muscle Health in Middle-Aged Women

Sufficient dietary protein intake is vital to maintaining muscle health with aging. Yet protein intake among adults is often inadequate. This study’s main objective was to examine the impact of nutrition education (NE) and a per-meal protein prescription (PRx) with versus without diet coaching on protein intake. A secondary objective examined its effects on muscle health. Participants included 53 women, age 45–64 years. All participants received NE and PRx; those randomized to coached-group received 10-weeks of diet coaching. Assessments included: protein intake at baseline, weeks 4 and 12 and muscle health (muscle mass, grip strength, five-chair rise test, 4 mgait speed test). The Chi-square test examined percentages of participants meeting PRx between groups. Repeated measures analysis of variance assessed within group and intervention effects on protein intake and muscle health parameters. Protein intake (g/kg body weight) increased (p < 0.001): not-coached (n = 28) 0.8 ± 0.2 to 1.2 ± 0.3 and coached (n = 25) 1.0 ± 0.2 to 1.4 ± 0.3 with no significant difference between groups. A greater percentage of coached-group participants met (p = 0.04) breakfast (72%) and met (p < 0.001) three-meal (76%) PRx versus not-coached participants (25% and 53%, respectively). Participants in both groups exhibited significantly (p < 0.001) improved times for the five-chair rise test and 4 mgait speed test. Diet coaching in conjunction with a PRx and NE should be considered to assist individuals in improving protein intake through self-selection of protein-rich foods.

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Protein Intake at Twice the RDA in Older Men Increases Circulatory Concentrations of the Microbiome Metabolite Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO)

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11092207 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 2207 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mitchell ◽

Milan ◽

Mitchell ◽

Gillies ◽

D’Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Intake ◽

High Protein ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Dietary Protein Intake ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Post Intervention ◽

The Impact

Higher dietary protein intake is increasingly recommended for the elderly; however, high protein diets have also been linked to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a bacterial metabolite derived from choline and carnitine abundant from animal protein-rich foods. TMAO may be a novel biomarker for heightened CVD risk. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of a high protein diet on TMAO. Healthy men (74.2 ± 3.6 years, n = 29) were randomised to consume the recommended dietary allowance of protein (RDA: 0.8 g protein/kg bodyweight/day) or twice the RDA (2RDA) as part of a supplied diet for 10 weeks. Fasting blood samples were collected pre- and post-intervention for measurement of TMAO, blood lipids, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and inflammatory biomarkers. An oral glucose tolerance test was also performed. In comparison with RDA, the 2RDA diet increased circulatory TMAO (p = 0.002) but unexpectedly decreased renal excretion of TMAO (p = 0.003). LDL cholesterol was increased in 2RDA compared to RDA (p = 0.049), but no differences in other biomarkers of CVD risk and insulin sensitivity were evident between groups. In conclusion, circulatory TMAO is responsive to changes in dietary protein intake in older healthy males.

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Dietary Protein Intake Level Modulates Mucosal Healing and Mucosa-Adherent Microbiota in Mouse Model of Colitis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11030514 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 514 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sandra Vidal-Lletjós ◽

Mireille Andriamihaja ◽

Anne Blais ◽

Marta Grauso ◽

Patricia Lepage ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Intake ◽

High Protein Diet ◽

Repair Process ◽

Mucosal Healing ◽

High Protein ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Dietary Protein Intake ◽

Epithelial Repair ◽

The Impact

Mucosal healing after an inflammatory flare is associated with lasting clinical remission. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the impact of the amount of dietary protein on epithelial repair after an acute inflammatory episode. C57BL/6 DSS-treated mice received isocaloric diets with different levels of dietary protein: 14% (P14), 30% (P30) and 53% (P53) for 3 (day 10), 6 (day 13) and 21 (day 28) days after the time of colitis maximal intensity. While the P53 diet worsened the DSS- induced inflammation both in intensity and duration, the P30 diet, when compared to the P14 diet, showed a beneficial effect during the epithelial repair process by accelerating inflammation resolution, reducing colonic permeability and increasing epithelial repair together with epithelial hyperproliferation. Dietary protein intake also impacted mucosa-adherent microbiota composition after inflammation since P30 fed mice showed increased colonization of butyrate-producing genera throughout the resolution phase. This study revealed that in our colitis model, the amount of protein in the diet modulated mucosal healing, with beneficial effects of a moderately high-protein diet, while very high-protein diet displayed deleterious effects on this process.

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Impact of dietary protein intake and obesity on lean mass in middle-aged individuals after a 12-year follow-up: the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES)

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s000711451900117x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 122 (03) ◽

pp. 322-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Eunjin So ◽

Seul Ki Choi ◽

Hyojee Joung

Keyword(s):

Lean Mass ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Obese Group ◽

Dietary Protein Intake ◽

Epidemiology Study ◽

Obesity Status ◽

The Impact

AbstractThe present study investigated the association between protein intake and lean mass according to obesity status over a 12-year period. Data on 4412 participants aged 40–69 years were obtained from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. The usual dietary protein intake of these participants was assessed at baseline using a semi-quantitative FFQ. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis at baseline and after a 12-year follow-up. Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the associations between lean mass after a 12-year follow-up and protein intake at baseline. After adjusting for covariates and lean mass at baseline, comparisons between the highest and lowest tertiles revealed that dietary protein intake was positively associated with lean mass in both men (β = 0·79, P = 0·001) and women (β = 0·28, P = 0·082) after the 12-year period; however, those differences were attenuated after additional adjustment for fat mass at baseline and were stronger in the normal-weight group (men, β = 0·85, P = 0·002; women, β = 0·97, P < 0·001) but were not detected in the obese group. In the obese group, age (men, β = 4·08, P < 0·001; women, β = 2·61, P < 0·001) and regular physical activity (men, β = 0·88, P = 0·054; women, β = 0·76, P < 0·001) were significantly associated with lean mass after 12 years of follow-up. The results of the present study showed that protein intake may contribute to the prevention of ageing-related lean mass loss; however, the impact of this intake may vary depending on obesity status. Therefore, the maintenance of a healthy body weight during ageing through enhanced protein intake is likely to confer health benefits.

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The impact of dietary protein intake on serum biochemical and haematological profiles in vervet monkeys

Journal of Medical Primatology ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0684.2001.300108.x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 61-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Q. Johnson ◽

W.J. Veith ◽

T. Mouton

Keyword(s):

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Vervet Monkeys ◽

Dietary Protein Intake ◽

Serum Biochemical ◽

The Impact

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INCREASING PROTEIN INTAKE TO HELP OLDER ADULTS INCREASE MUSCLE STRENGTH AND FUNCTION: A PILOT, SINGLE-ARM INVESTIGATION USING COACHING AND A PER-MEAL PROTEIN PRESCRIPTION

Journal of Aging Research and Lifestyle ◽

10.14283/jarlife.2020.4 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

S.S. Gropper ◽

M. Exantus ◽

K.L. Jackson ◽

S.M. Spiers ◽

E.R. Vieira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Protein Intake ◽

South Florida ◽

Control Group ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Meal Protein ◽

Pilot Investigation ◽

And Function ◽

Chair Rise

Objective: To evaluate the effects of nutrition education, diet coaching, and a protein prescription (PP) on protein intake, and associations with muscle strength and function. Design: Prospective pretest posttest single-arm study. Setting: Urban area, East coast of South Florida. Participants: 20 white, non-Hispanic adults, aged 73.3 + 10.4 years. Intervention: 10-week telephone-based diet coaching, nutrition education and a per-meal PP. Measurements: Protein and energy intakes, weight, grip strength (GS), and 5-chair-rise (5CR), timed up and go (TUG), 3-meter walk (3mW) tests at baseline and 10 weeks. Results: Pre to 10-week post values significantly improved (p<0.05) for protein intake/kg body weight (0.8 + 0.3 to 1.2 + 0.3g), protein intake/meal (17.2 ± 4.8g to 26.4 ± 6.g), protein intake/100 kcal (3.74 + 1.16 to 5.97 + 0.98g), GS (22.4 to 23.4kg), and times for TUG (10 to 8sec), 3mW (4 to 3sec), and 5CR (13 to 11sec). Conclusions: Given the positive findings of this unique pilot investigation, additional studies, which include a larger more diverse group of participants and provide for control group(s), are needed to better investigate the effectiveness of this approach and its effects on muscle strength and function.

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