scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in Horses in Israel

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Sharon Tirosh-Levy ◽  
Miri Baum ◽  
Gili Schvartz ◽  
Boaz Kalir ◽  
Oren Pe’er ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Epidemiological Investigation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Zoonotic Risk ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
One Year ◽  
Equine Recurrent Uveitis

Leptospirosis has been reported in both humans and animals in Israel but has not been reported in horses. In 2018, an outbreak of Leptospira spp. serogroup Pomona was reported in humans and cattle in Israel. In horses, leptospirosis may cause equine recurrent uveitis (ERU). This report describes the first identification of Leptospira serogroup Pomona as the probable cause of ERU in horses in Israel, followed by an epidemiological investigation of equine exposure in the area. Serologic exposure to Leptospira was determined by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using eight serovars. In 2017, serovar Pomona was identified in a mare with signs of ERU. Seven of thirteen horses from that farm were seropositive for serogroup Pomona, of which three had signs of ERU. During the same time period, 14/70 horses from three other farms were positive for serogroup Pomona. In 2015, two years prior to this diagnosis, 259 horses from 21 farms were sampled and one horse tested seropositive for serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae. In 2018, one year later, 337 horses were sampled on 29 farms, with none testing seropositive. Although horses are not considered a major host of Leptospira spp., it appears that horses may be infected, and clinically affected, in the course of an outbreak in other species. The identification of leptospirosis in stabled horses may impose a significant zoonotic risk to people.

scholarly journals Prevalencia de leptospirosis en perros de trabajo vacunados y en población humana con riesgo ocupacional

Biomédica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supl. 1) ◽  
pp. 62-75
Author(s):  
César A. Murcia ◽  
Miryam Astudillo ◽  
Marlyn H. Romero
Keyword(s):  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Spp

Introducción. Los perros de trabajo pueden infectarse con diversas serovariedades de Leptospira que se mantienen en sus túbulos renales e intersticios por mucho tiempo, por lo que se convierten en portadores y fuentes de infección para otros huéspedes.Objetivo. Establecer la prevalencia de Leptospira spp. en perros de trabajo vacunados y en población humana con riesgo ocupacional de seis unidades policiales en Colombia.Materiales y métodos. Mediante tres instrumentos estructurados, se evaluaron 92 perros de trabajo con inmunización previa contra Leptospira spp. (65 machos y 27 hembras) y 69 personas de seis unidades policiales de los municipios de Manizales, Pereira, Armenia, Ibagué, Tuluá y Cali. Se obtuvieron muestras sanguíneas de las personas y de los perros, las cuales se evaluaron mediante la prueba de microaglutinación (Microscopic Agglutination Test, MAT) en 24 serogrupos. Se hizo un examen clínico de los perros y se obtuvieron muestras de orina para urocultivo.Resultados. La seroprevalencia de leptospirosis en las personas fue de 2,9 % (n=2) y en los perros de 57,61 % (n=53). Los serogrupos más prevalentes en los perros fueron Leptospira canicola y L. panama. El urocultivo fue positivo en 58,7 % (54/92) de las muestras y se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la edad de los perros (≥10 años; p=0,043) y la ubicación de la unidad policial (p=0,016).Conclusión. Las características epidemiológicas de la leptospirosis en los perros sugieren una presentación endémica de la infección. Se requieren algoritmos diagnósticos sensibles y específicos para investigar la leptospirosis canina y diferenciar los anticuerpos vacunales de la infección natural.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF ANTI-LEPTOSPIRA SPP. ANTIBODIES IN SWINE SLAUGHTERED IN THE PUBLIC SLAUGHTERHOUSE OF PATOS CITY, PARAÍBA STATE, NORTHEAST REGION OF BRAZIL

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-520
Author(s):  
S.S. Azevedo ◽  
R.M. Oliveira ◽  
C.J. Alves ◽  
D.M. Assis ◽  
S.F. Aquino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
Serologic Diagnosis ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Serologic Survey

ABSTRACT A serologic survey was conducted among 131 swine slaughtered in the public slaughterhouse of Patos city, Northeast region of Brazil, to determine the prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. agglutinins. For serologic diagnosis of leptospirosis, the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was carried out using live cultures of 22 pathogenic and two saprophytic Leptospira spp. serovars. The most frequent serovar was found crossing the results of frequency and titer of agglutinins, and sera presenting equal titers for two or more serovars were not considered for this analysis. Of the 131 swine analyzed, 44 were seropositive for at least one Leptospira spp. serovar, resulting in a seroprevalence of 33.6% (95% CI = 25.5% 42.4%). The most frequent serovar was Pomona, with 38 (29.0%; 95% CI = 21.4% 37.6%) reactant sera. Other reactant serovars and respective prevalence were: Pyrogenes (2.3%; 95% CI = 0.5% 6.5%), Canicola (1.5%; 95% CI = 0.2% 5.4%) and Shermani (0.8%; 95% CI = 0.02% 4.2%). There was statistical difference in seroprevalence to serovar Pomona compared with others reactant serovars (P < 0.0001).

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. Infection in Cattle from Central and Northern Madagascar

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2014
Author(s):  
Theresa Schafbauer ◽  
Anou Dreyfus ◽  
Benedikt Hogan ◽  
Raphael Rakotozandrindrainy ◽  
Sven Poppert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Zoonotic Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Pathogenic Leptospira ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Very High

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of global importance, especially in tropical countries. The current Leptospira spp. seroprevalence in cattle from central and northern Madagascar is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence resulting from infections with pathogenic Leptospira spp. in zebu cattle from these areas. Serum samples from 194 animals were tested by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using a panel of 12 serovars as antigens. Samples with a titer of ≥1:100 were considered positive. The overall seroprevalence was 59.3% (95% CI; 52.0–66.2%) with titers ranging from 1:100 to 1:1600. Among the seropositive animals, the most frequent antibody reactions were against serovar L. Tarassovi (serogroup L. Tarassovi) with 40.2% (33.3–47.5%), followed by L. Hardjo (L. Sejroe) with 13.9% (9.5–19.8%), L. Grippotyphosa (L. Grippotyphosa) with 9.8% (6.2–15.1%), L. Pomona (L. Pomona) with 7.7% (4.5–12.7%) and L. Autumnalis (L. Autumnalis) with 5.2% (2.6–9.5%). Less than 5% of the samples reacted positively against the remaining serovars. These results indicate a very high exposure of Malagasy cattle to Leptospira spp. which, consequently, poses a definite risk for people working with cattle acquiring this zoonotic infection.

scholarly journals Frequency of leptospirosis in horses in Manaus and metropolitan region in Amazonas State, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. e172607
Author(s):  
Isadora Karolina Freitas de Sousa ◽  
Rebeca Larissa Castro Silva ◽  
Rejane dos Santos Sousa ◽  
Claudia Elisa Martins Vieira ◽  
Sérgio de Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
The State ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Leptospira Serovars ◽  
Amazonas State

The occurrence of leptospirosis is significantly higher in the tropical climate than in temperate regions, especially in periods with high rainfall levels. In horses, leptospirosis can range from subclinical to asymptomatic but maintains an important role in the transmission of leptospirosis by eliminating the agent in the environment. Regarding horses, the Amazonas herd increased by 30% between 2004 and 2013. Thus, the study aimed to determine the serological prevalence of leptospirosis in horses in Manaus and metropolitan regions, in the State of Amazonas, Brazil as well as to assess the main serogroups involved in the infections of these animals. For this purpose, from August 2018 to July 2019, serum from 198 horses was evaluated through the microscopic agglutination test with a panel of 10 serogroups. As a result, 92 horses (44.46%) were found to be positive for one or more Leptospira serovars, with the highest prevalence of serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae and Pyrogenes. Therefore, with the increase in the equine herd in the region and, consequently, greater interaction between breeders and animals, the identification of reagents to at least one serovar of Leptospira spp. signals the possible existence of reservoirs of pathogenic strains for other animals and man.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp in cattle from Monte Negro municipality, western Amazon

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Aguiar ◽  
Solange M. Gennari ◽  
Guacyara T. Cavalcante ◽  
Marcelo B. Labruna ◽  
Silvio A. Vasconcellos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Leptospira Serovars ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Female Cattle ◽  
Sera Samples

The prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp antibodies was investigated in 2,109 female cattle from 86 herds of Monte Negro municipality, Rondônia, Brazil. Sera samples were evaluated by Microscopic Agglutination Test against 24 leptospira serovars. Titers =100 for at least one of 24 leptospira serovars were detected in 1,114 cows (52.8%) from 82 (95.3%) herds. The adjusted overall prevalence for Monte Negro municipality was 53.9% (49-58.7%; CI: 95%). The most prevalent serovars were Hardjo (14.5%), Wolffi (12.3%), Shermani (10.8%), Patoc (7.9%), and Hebdomadis (6.1%). Other serovars worldwidely reported like Bratislava, Pomona and Grippotyphosa were detected in low levels.

scholarly journals Serological survey of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) at the Curitiba Zoo, southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-146
Author(s):  
Vivien M. Morikawa ◽  
Cristina K. Zimpel ◽  
Igor A.D. Paploski ◽  
Mariana Kikuti ◽  
Vanessa Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Ammotragus Lervia ◽  
Barbary Sheep ◽  
Leptospira Spp

ABSTRACT: Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis, affecting humans, domestic and wild animals. The present study aimed to evaluate prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in Barbary sheep at the Curitiba zoo. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was performed using 17 serogroups. Antibodies against Leptospira spp. were observed in 23.5% samples and Icterohaemorrhagiae was the only prevalent serogroup. The presence of anti-Leptospira antibodies in Barbary sheep indicates exposure to leptospires; thus monitoring and preventive measures are necessary in zoo’s captive animals, since they can act as sentinels of environmental exposure in an area with high movement of people.

scholarly journals Presence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in captive yellow-spotted river turtles (Podocnemis unifilis) in the Eastern Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Maria Santos Miranda ◽  
Katarine de Souza Rocha ◽  
Louysse Helene Monteiro ◽  
Ianny Watuzy Monteiro Baia ◽  
Thamillys Rayssa Marques Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Region ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Single Sample ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Podocnemis Unifilis ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
River Turtles

ABSTRACT: We describe anti-Leptospira spp. agglutinin in yellow-spotted river turtles (Podocnemis unifilis)in the Amazon region. Ninety-eight serum samples from individuals housed at the Bosque Rodrigues Alves Zoobotanical Garden of Amazonia, Belém, PA, Brazil, were subject to the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using 19 different Leptospira spp. antigen serogroups. Thirty-four of the 98 samples (35%) were reactive, with titers ranging from 100 to 3200, and eight 8 reactive samples (23.5%) co-agglutinated under two or more serovars.The most common serogroup was Hebdomadis (26.9%, 7/26), followed by Semaranga (23%, 6/26), Shermani (19.2%, 5/26), Djasiman (11.5%, 3/26), and Australis (7.7%, 2/26); Bataviae, Javanica, and Sejroewere represented by a single sample each (3.9%). The presence of turtles reactive to anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies implies exposure to the pathogen.

scholarly journals Evidence of exposure to Leptospira spp. in dogs at a zoonosis control center in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mírian Da Rocha Albuquerque ◽  
Thalita Amaral dos Reis ◽  
Katarine De Souza Rocha ◽  
Jacqueline Da Silva Brito ◽  
Gleiciane Schupp De Sena Mesquita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Prior Contact

Evidence of exposure to Leptospira spp. in dogs housed in the kennel of the Zoonosis Control Center of Belém, Pará, Brazil, was investigated. Whole blood and serum samples from 145 dogs were investigated using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and microscopic agglutination test (MAT), respectively. A total of 64.14% of the dogs were found to be seropositive for Leptospira spp., with the most frequent serogroup being Djasiman (39.73%). However, PCR results revealed that all of the dogs were negative for Leptospira spp. DNA. Although the results of the study suggest the animals did not currently have leptospires in blood, they only show circulating anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies, implying prior contact with the bacteria.

scholarly journals One Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Galicia: A Global View of Age-Group Statistics during Three Waves

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5104
Author(s):  
Iván Area ◽  
Henrique Lorenzo ◽  
Pedro J. Marcos ◽  
Juan J. Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global View ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
One Year

In this work we look at the past in order to analyze four key variables after one year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Galicia (NW Spain): new infected, hospital admissions, intensive care unit admissions and deceased. The analysis is presented by age group, comparing at each stage the percentage of the corresponding group with its representation in the society. The time period analyzed covers 1 March 2020 to 1 April 2021, and includes the influence of the B.1.1.7 lineage of COVID-19 which in April 2021 was behind 90% of new cases in Galicia. It is numerically shown how the pandemic affects the age groups 80+, 70+ and 60+, and therefore we give information about how the vaccination process could be scheduled and hints at why the pandemic had different effects in different territories.

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