scholarly journals Correlation between Acinetobacter baumannii Resistance and Hospital Use of Meropenem, Cefepime, and Ciprofloxacin: Time Series Analysis and Dynamic Regression Models

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Rania Kousovista ◽  
Christos Athanasiou ◽  
Konstantinos Liaskonis ◽  
Olga Ivopoulou ◽  
George Ismailos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Arima Models ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
Resistance Rates

Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most difficult-to-treat pathogens worldwide, due to developed resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of widely prescribed antimicrobials and the respective resistance rates of A. baumannii, and to explore the relationship between antimicrobial use and the emergence of A. baumannii resistance in a tertiary care hospital. Monthly data on A. baumannii susceptibility rates and antimicrobial use, between January 2014 and December 2017, were analyzed using time series analysis (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models) and dynamic regression models. Temporal correlations between meropenem, cefepime, and ciprofloxacin use and the corresponding rates of A. baumannii resistance were documented. The results of ARIMA models showed statistically significant correlation between meropenem use and the detection rate of meropenem-resistant A. baumannii with a lag of two months (p = 0.024). A positive association, with one month lag, was identified between cefepime use and cefepime-resistant A. baumannii (p = 0.028), as well as between ciprofloxacin use and its resistance (p < 0.001). The dynamic regression models offered explanation of variance for the resistance rates (R2 > 0.60). The magnitude of the effect on resistance for each antimicrobial agent differed significantly.

Automatic Prediction of Platelet Utilization by Time Series Analysis in a Large Tertiary Care Hospital

1985 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 627-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory C. Critchfield ◽  
Donald P. Connelly ◽  
Martha S. Ziehwein ◽  
Laura S. Olesen ◽  
Clareyse E. Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
Large Tertiary Care

scholarly journals Time series analysis of dengue cases reporting to a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2200
Author(s):  
Ravindra S. Kembhavi ◽  
Saurabha U. S.
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
The City

Background: Dengue fever is a major public health problem, the concern is high as the disease is closely related to climate change.Methods: This was a retrospective study, conducted for 1 year in a tertiary care hospital in the city of Mumbai. Data of Dengue cases and climate for the city of Mumbai between 2011 and 2015 were obtained. Data was analysed using SPSS- time series analysis and forecasting model.Results: 33% cases belonged to the 21-30 years, proportion of men affected were more than women. A seasonal distribution of cases was observed. A strong correlation was noted between the total number of cases reported and (a) mean monthly rainfall and (b) number of days of rainfall. ARIMA model was used for forecasting.Conclusions: The trend analysis along with forecasting model helps in being prepared for the year ahead. 

scholarly journals Impact of restricting procalcitonin measurements in a Swiss tertiary-care hospital on antibiotic use, clinical outcomes, and costs: An interrupted time-series analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abbas ◽  
Nathalie Vernaz ◽  
Elodie von Dach ◽  
Nicolas Vuilleumier ◽  
Stephan J. Harbarth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We evaluated the impact of a restriction of procalcitonin measurements on antibiotic use, length of stay, mortality, and cost in a Swiss tertiary-care hospital using interrupted time-series analysis. There was no significant change in level or slope for rates of antibiotic consumption, and costs decreased considerably, by ~54,488 CHF (US$55,714) per month.

SP29-3 Using time series analysis for surveillance of resistance and antimicrobial use. The ViResiST project

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. S33
Author(s):  
J. Lopez-Lozano ◽  
I.M. Gould ◽  
T. Lawes ◽  
N. Gonzalo ◽  
M. Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Series Analysis

The Effect of Universal Decolonization With Screening in Critical Care to Reduce MRSA Across an Entire Hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig W. Bradley ◽  
Martyn A. C. Wilkinson ◽  
Mark I. Garvey
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Kernel Regression ◽  
Break Point ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Break Points

OBJECTIVETo describe the effect of universal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) decolonization therapy in a large intensive care unit (ICU) on the rates of MRSA cases and acquisitions in a UK hospital.DESIGNDescriptive study.SETTINGUniversity Hospitals Birmingham (UHB) NHS Foundation Trust is a tertiary referral teaching hospital in Birmingham, United Kingdom, that provides clinical services to nearly 1 million patients every year.METHODSA break-point time series analysis and kernel regression models were used to detect significant changes in the cumulative monthly numbers of MRSA bacteremia cases and acquisitions from April 2013 to August 2016 across the UHB system.RESULTSPrior to 2014, all ICU patients at UHB received universal MRSA decolonization therapy. In August 2014, UHB discontinued the use of universal decolonization due to published reports in the United Kingdom detailing the limited usefulness and cost-effectiveness of such an intervention. Break-point time series analysis of MRSA acquisition and bacteremia data indicated that break points were associated with the discontinuation and subsequent reintroduction of universal decolonization. Kernel regression models indicated a significant increase (P<.001) in MRSA acquisitions and bacteremia cases across UHB during the period without universal decolonization.CONCLUSIONWe suggest that routine decolonization for MRSA in a large ICU setting is an effective strategy to reduce the spread and incidence of MRSA across the whole hospital.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:430–435

scholarly journals Epidemiology and microbiology of Gram-negative bloodstream infections in a tertiary-care hospital in Beijing, China: a 9 -year retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixin Liang ◽  
Qiang Zhu ◽  
Minghui Zhu ◽  
Chunyan Li ◽  
Lina Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract Background Gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs) are serious diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality. The following study examines the incidence, clinical characteristics and microbiological features, drug resistance situations and mortality associated with gram-negative BSIs at a large Chinese tertiary-care hospital in Beijing, China. Methods A retrospective cohort study of patients with gram-negative BSIs was performed between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018, at the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital. The patients’ data were collected and included in the reviewing electronic medical records. Results A total of 6867 episodes of gram-negative BSIs occurred among 3199 patients over 9 years, and there were 3032 significant BSI episodes 77% of these cases were healthcare-associated, while 23% were community-associated. The overall incidence of gram-negative BSIs fluctuated from 2.30 to 2.55 episodes per 1000 admissions over 9 years. Malignancy was the most common comorbidity and indwelling central intravenous catheter was the most common predisposing factor for gram-negative BSI. Escherichia coli were the major pathogen (34.3%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.3%) and other bacterial pathogens (9.9%). The resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to penicillins were more than 90%. and the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to the most antibiotic were more than 70% include the Carbapenem. The resistance of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli to the most antibiotic was higher than non-ESBLs producing Escherichia coli but to Carbapenems(0.7% VS 5.1%). The rates of Carbapenems resistance of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and non-ESBLs producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were 32.8% and 8.1%. The rates of Carbapenems resistance of Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 1.4% and 27.8% respectively. Between 2010 and 2018, the overall mortality of gram-negative BSIs decreased from 11.41–9.05%(X2 = 6.95, P = 0.434). Moreover, the mortality in the ICU decreased from 27.03–14.93%(X2 = 9.61, P = 0.212), while in the general ward fluctuated from 8.85–8.13% that without obvious decrease change(X2 = 9.29, P = 0.232). Conclusions The mortality of gram-negative BSIs have showed downward trends. carbapenem antibiotics is still consider the best treatment for patients with Gram-negative BSIs except Acinetobacter baumannii.

scholarly journals Dissemination of Plasmid-Mediated Aminoglycoside-Modifying Enzymes Among MDR Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from a Tertiary Care Egyptian Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Tawfick ◽  
Hamada F. Rady ◽  
Mervat I. El-Borhamy ◽  
Anwar D. Maraqa
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Encoding Genes

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most challenging multidrug-resistant (MDR) nosocomial pathogens worldwide. Aminoglycosides are used for the treatment of A. baumannii infections, however, resistance to aminoglycosides is currently emerging, limiting therapeutic choices. Objective: In this study, the prevalence of aminoglycoside resistance and plasmid-mediated mechanisms of aminoglycoside resistance were investigated in A. baumannii clinical isolates collected from ICU patients at a tertiary care hospital in Egypt. Methods: The automated Vitek 2 system was used to identify A. baumannii species and determination of the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. The identification of A. baumannii was confirmed by the detection of the blaOXA-51-like gene intrinsic to this species. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of gentamicin was determined using E-test following the CLSI breakpoints. Isolates were screened for the prevalence and diversity of the plasmid-carried aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes encoding genes aacC1, aadA1, aadB and aphA6. For genetic diversity analysis, the ERIC-PCR method was performed. Results: All A. baumannii isolates were MDR with high resistance rates to tested antimicrobials. The resistance rate to gentamicin was 92.9% with elevated MICs (≥ 32 μg/mL). The gentamicin-resistant isolates harboured one or more of the studied genes with the prevalence of aphA6 (81%). ERIC-based genotyping revealed that there was no evidence of A. baumannii clonal dissemination among isolates. Conclusion: The study concluded that MDR A. baumannii isolates were highly resistant to gentamicin. The plasmid-carried aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes encoding genes were disseminated among isolates with the AphA6 gene, which was the most prevalent one. The acquisition of more than one aminoglycoside resistance gene was associated with an elevated MIC of gentamicin. Thus, regular surveillance studies of the emerging resistance to antimicrobials and strict measures to control the dissemination of resistance determinants genes are warranted.

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