scholarly journals Detection of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Indiana from Insects Collected during the 2020 Outbreak in Kansas, USA

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1126
Author(s):  
Bethany L. McGregor ◽  
Paula Rozo-Lopez ◽  
Travis M. Davis ◽  
Barbara S. Drolet
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Black Flies ◽  
Vector Species ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
First Report ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Culicoides Variipennis

Vesicular stomatitis (VS) is a reportable viral disease which affects horses, cattle, and pigs in the Americas. Outbreaks of vesicular stomatitis virus New Jersey serotype (VSV-NJ) in the United States typically occur on a 5–10-year cycle, usually affecting western and southwestern states. In 2019–2020, an outbreak of VSV Indiana serotype (VSV-IN) extended eastward into the states of Kansas and Missouri for the first time in several decades, leading to 101 confirmed premises in Kansas and 37 confirmed premises in Missouri. In order to investigate which vector species contributed to the outbreak in Kansas, we conducted insect surveillance at two farms that experienced confirmed VSV-positive cases, one each in Riley County and Franklin County. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention miniature light traps were used to collect biting flies on the premises. Two genera of known VSV vectors, Culicoides biting midges and Simulium black flies, were identified to species, pooled by species, sex, reproductive status, and collection site, and tested for the presence of VSV-IN RNA by RT-qPCR. In total, eight positive pools were detected from Culicoides sonorensis (1), Culicoides stellifer (3), Culicoides variipennis (1), and Simulium meridionale (3). The C. sonorensis- and C. variipennis-positive pools were from nulliparous individuals, possibly indicating transovarial or venereal transmission as the source of virus. This is the first report of VSV-IN in field caught C. stellifer and the first report of either serotype in S. meridionale near outbreak premises. These results improve our understanding of the role midges and black flies play in VSV epidemiology in the United States and broadens the scope of vector species for targeted surveillance and control.

Spatial and phylogenetic analysis of vesicular stomatitis virus over-wintering in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres M. Perez ◽  
Steven J. Pauszek ◽  
Daniel Jimenez ◽  
William N. Kelley ◽  
Zachary Whedbee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis

scholarly journals Near-Complete Genome Sequences of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Isolates from the 2020 Outbreak in Kansas

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Doerksen ◽  
Edward Bird ◽  
Jamie Henningson ◽  
Rachel Palinski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Virus Isolates

ABSTRACT Here, we report the near-complete genome sequences of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) serotype Indiana isolates from the 2020 U.S. outbreak. The sequences were obtained from swabs collected from Kansas horses in July and August. The four genome sequences help improve our understanding of VSV outbreak dynamics in the United States.

Facts about Wildlife Diseases: Hemorrhagic Fever in White-Tailed Deer

EDIS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (4) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Sayler ◽  
Charlotte Dow ◽  
Samantha M. Wisely
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Best Supportive Care ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Wildlife Diseases ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Wildlife Ecology ◽  
Best Management

The viruses that cause hemorrhagic disease (HD) in deer do not cause illness in people, but they are a growing problem. HD is the most important viral disease of white-tailed deer in the United States. Large outbreaks have occurred in the northern Midwest and western United States. In Florida outbreaks are fewer and less severe in populations of wild white-tailed deer than are outbreaks among wild deer in other areas of the United States, but farm-raised deer in the state are proving vulnerable to epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus: one of the viruses that cause HD. This 6-page fact sheet written by Katherine A. Sayler, Charlotte Dow, and Samantha M. Wisely and published by the Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation describes best management techniques for outbreaks of HD in farm-raised deer. It includes strategies for best supportive care for sick animals, diagnostics, and integrated pest management to control biting midges that spread the viruses that cause HD, because the best way to manage HD is to prevent it.http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/uw411

ANTIBODIES TO VESICULAR STOMATITIS VIRUS IN POPULATIONS OF FERAL SWINE IN THE UNITED STATES

1986 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Stallknecht ◽  
V. F. Nettles ◽  
G. A. Erickson ◽  
D. A. Jessup
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Feral Swine ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis

scholarly journals Trajectory analysis of winds and vesicular stomatitis in North America, 1982–5

1990 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Sellers ◽  
A. R. Maarouf
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
Trajectory Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Airborne Particles ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Large Animals ◽  
Virus Isolates

SUMMARYOutbreaks of vesicular stomatitis, serotype New Jersey, during epidemics in the United States and northern Mexico, 1982–5, were examined by backward trajectories of winds to investigate spread and possible sources. The outbreaks selected for analysis did not involve introduction of disease by infected animals. The findings indicate that wind could have been responsible for carrying infection from northern Mexico to Arizona and New Mexico and thence to Colorado and Utah and on to Wyoming, Idaho and Montana. The results of these analyses are consistent with the findings from T1 RNAse fingerprinting of virus isolates from outbreaks during the epidemics. The arrival of the trajectories was associated with the passage of a front and rain or passage of a front alone or rain alone. At the time of the trajectories temperatures of 10 °C and higher were recorded at heights up to 2500–3500 m.Introduction by airborne particles would appear unlikely as it would have required a source of at least 105infectious units per minute per animal. Vesicular stomatitis virus had been isolated fromSimuliumandCulicoidesduring the epidemic with amounts of virus fromSimuliumsufficient to suggest biological transmission. The possibility ofSimuliuminfected with vesicular stomatitis virus being carried downwind to introduce disease is discussed in relation to the behaviour ofSimuliumand the pathogenesis of vesicular stomatitis in large animals.

scholarly journals Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Transmission: A Comparison of Incriminated Vectors

Insects ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Rozo-Lopez ◽  
Barbara Drolet ◽  
Berlin Londoño-Renteria
Keyword(s):  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Vector Species ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Multiple Routes ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Occurrence Pattern

Vesicular stomatitis (VS) is a viral disease of veterinary importance, enzootic in tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas. In the U.S., VS produces devastating economic losses, particularly in the southwestern states where the outbreaks display an occurrence pattern of 10-year intervals. To date, the mechanisms of the geographic spread and maintenance cycles during epizootics remain unclear. This is due, in part, to the fact that VS epidemiology has a complex of variables to consider, including a broad range of vertebrate hosts, multiple routes of transmission, and an extensive diversity of suspected vector species acting as both mechanical and biological vectors. Infection and viral progression within vector species are highly influenced by virus serotype, as well as environmental factors, including temperature and seasonality; however, the mechanisms of viral transmission, including non-conventional pathways, are yet to be fully studied. Here, we review VS epidemiology and transmission mechanisms, with comparisons of transmission evidence for the four most incriminated hematophagous dipteran taxa: Aedes mosquitoes, Lutzomyia sand flies, Simulium black flies, and Culicoides biting midges.

First Report of Pathogenicity of Fusarium sporotrichioides and Fusarium acuminatum on Sunflowers in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mathew ◽  
B. Kirkeide ◽  
T. Gulya ◽  
S. Markell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fusarium Sporotrichioides ◽  
Charcoal Rot ◽  
Koch’S Postulates ◽  
First Report ◽  
Fusarium Acuminatum ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Koch's Postulates

Widespread infection of charcoal rot was observed in a commercial sunflower field in Minnesota in September 2009. Based on morphology, isolates were identified as F. sporotrichioides and F. acuminatum. Koch's postulates demonstrated pathogencity of both species. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. sporotrichoides and F. acuminatum causing disease on Helianthus annuus L. in the United States. Accepted for publication 23 August 2010. Published 15 September 2010.

scholarly journals First Report of Wisteria vein mosaic virus in Wisteria sinensis in the United States of America

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayapati A. Naidu ◽  
Gandhi Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
First Report ◽  
Woody Perennial ◽  
Wisteria Sinensis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Wisteria Vein Mosaic Virus

The ornamental Chinese wisteria (Wisteria sinensis) is a woody perennial grown for its flowering habit in home gardens and landscape settings. In this brief, the occurrence of Wisteria vein mosaic virus (WVMV) was reported for the first time in Chinese wisteria in the United States of America. Accepted for publication 18 June 2008. Published 18 August 2008.

Expansion of Groundnut ringspot virus Host and Geographic Ranges in Solanaceous Vegetables in Peninsular Florida

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig G. Webster ◽  
William W. Turechek ◽  
H. Charles Mellinger ◽  
Galen Frantz ◽  
Nancy Roe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Viral Pathogen ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
First Report ◽  
Geographic Spread ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Solanaceous Plants

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of GRSV infecting tomatillo and eggplant, and it is the first report of GRSV infecting pepper in the United States. This first identification of GRSV-infected crop plants in commercial fields in Palm Beach and Manatee Counties demonstrates the continuing geographic spread of the virus into additional vegetable production areas of Florida. This information indicates that a wide range of solanaceous plants is likely to be infected by this emerging viral pathogen in Florida and beyond. Accepted for publication 27 June 2011. Published 25 July 2011.

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