scholarly journals Obtaining Salt Stress-Tolerant Eggplant Somaclonal Variants from In Vitro Selection

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2539
Author(s):  
Sami Hannachi ◽  
Stefaan Werbrouck ◽  
Insaf Bahrini ◽  
Abdelmuhsin Abdelgadir ◽  
Hira Affan Siddiqui ◽  
...  

An efficient regeneration protocol was applied to regenerate shoots on salt stress-tolerant calli lines of aubergine (Solanum melongena). These NaCl-tolerant cell lines were obtained by two different methods. On the one hand, the developed callus tissue was transferred to a medium with a continuous salt content of 40, 80, 120, or 160 mM NaCl. On the other hand, the callus tissue was subjected to a stepwise increasing salinity to 160 mM NaCl every 30 days. With the second method, calli which could be selected were characterized by compact growth, a greenish color, and absence of necrotic zones. When grown on salt-free medium again, NaCl-tolerant calli showed a decline in relative growth rate and water content in comparison to the control line. This was more obvious in the 120 mM NaCl-tolerant callus. Lipid peroxidase activity increased in 40 and 80 mM NaCl-tolerant calli; yet did not increase further in 120 mM-tolerant callus. An increase in ascorbic acid content was observed in 80 and 120 mM NaCl-tolerant calli compared to the 40 mM NaCl-tolerant lines, in which ascorbic acid content was twice that of the control. All NaCl-tolerant lines showed significantly higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) (208–305–370 µmol min−1 mg−1 FW) and catalase (CAT) (136–211–238 µmol min−1 mg−1 FW) activities compared to control plants (231 and 126 µmol min−1 mg−1 FW). Plants were regenerated on the calli lines that could tolerate up to 120 mM NaCl. From the 32 plants tested in vitro, ten plants with a higher number of leaves and root length could be selected for further evaluation in the field. Their high salt tolerance was evident by their more elevated fresh and dry weight, their more increased relative water content, and a higher number and weight of fruits compared to the wild-type parental control. The presented work shows that somaclonal variation can be efficiently used to develop salt-tolerant mutants.

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Smeriglio ◽  
Marcella Denaro ◽  
Valeria D’Angelo ◽  
Maria Paola Germanò ◽  
Domenico Trombetta

Citrus juices are a rich source of bioactive compounds with various and well-known health benefits. The aim of this study was to investigate the polyphenols and ascorbic acid content as well as to investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties of the juice of an ancient Mediterranean species, Citrus lumia Risso (CLJ). The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by several in vitro cell-free and cell-based assays, whereas two different in vivo models, the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and the zebrafish embryos, were used to characterize the anti-angiogenic properties. Twenty-eight polyphenols were identified by RP-LC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis (flavonoids 68.82% and phenolic acids 31.18%) with 1-caffeoyl-5-feruloylquinic acid and kaempferol 3′-rhamnoside, which represent the most abundant compounds (25.70 and 23.12%, respectively). HPLC-DAD analysis showed a high ascorbic acid content (352 mg/kg of CLJ), which contributes with polyphenols to the marked and dose-dependent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties observed. CLJ showed strong and dose-dependent anti-angiogenic activity as highlighted by the inhibition of blood vessel formation on CAMs and the decrease of endogenous alkaline phosphatase on zebrafish embryos. Moreover, within the concentration range tested, no dead or malformed embryos were recorded. Certainly, further studies are needed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying these promising biological effects, but considering the evidence of the present study, the use of CLJ as a ready-to drink safe prevention strategy for inflammatory-based diseases correlated to angiogenesis could be justified.


OALib ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Hand Mathias Julien ◽  
Nono Giles Vivien ◽  
Tonfack Libert Brice ◽  
Taffouo Victor Désiré ◽  
Youmbi Emmanuel

1991 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret E. Rice ◽  
Jon Cammack

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Fairweather-Tait

1. Iron availability in potatoes and ferrous sulphate was measured in rats in a 10 d balance study and from a single meal using59Fe and55Fe as extrinsic labels.2. Dried potato samples were incubated in gastric juice in vitro and the amount solubilized was compared with other foods. The relationship between ascorbic acid content of dried potato and Fe solubilization was examined in vitro.3. In the balance study, the rats absorbed (mean with SE) 15·2 (2·7)% Fe from the diet containing 660 g dried potato/kg and 32·1 (2·8)% Fe from the semi-synthetic diet containing FeSO4. Absorption was higher from the extrinsically-labelled single meal: 49·6 (1·1)% Fe from59Fe-labelled potato and 62·4 (1·2)% Fe from59FeSO4.4. The in vitro experiments showed a much greater solubilization of Fe from potato than from the other foods examined. There was a correlation between Fe solubilization and ascorbic acid content of potatoes (rs0·76,P< 0·00).5. It appears that potatoes contain Fe of moderate availability, possibly higher than most vegetables. They also provide ascorbic acid which may enhance Fe absorption from a meal if present in sufficient quantities. Thus potatoes may make a useful contribution towards the Fe nutriture of the UK population.


Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Haskovic ◽  
A Copra Janicijevic ◽  
A Topcagic ◽  
L Klepo ◽  
A Kapur ◽  
...  

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