scholarly journals Genotype × Environment Interaction for Wheat Yield Traits Suitable for Selection in Different Seed Priming Conditions

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1804
Author(s):  
Vera Popović ◽  
Nataša Ljubičić ◽  
Marko Kostić ◽  
Mirjana Radulović ◽  
Dragana Blagojević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Main Component ◽  
The Impact

Different seed priming treatments are widely used in order to improve the nutritional status of wheat, as well as to improve its grain yield and yield- related traits. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of seed priming with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on the yield related traits, such as, field emergence, plant height, spike length and grain yield per plant of four winter wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) during two vegetation seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020. The seeds of each wheat genotypes were primed with different concentrations of ZnO NPs (0 mg L−1, 10 mg L−1, 100 mg L−1 and 1000 mg L−1) for 48 h in a dark box by continuous aeration and were sown in soil pots with 60–70% moisture content until full maturity. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) models were used to study the genotype environment effects. The results indicated that the plants response to ZnO nanoparticles significantly increased all of the observed traits of the wheat, while its maximum rates reduced the traits of the wheat. The AMMI analysis revealed the very complex nature of the variation observed in the trial and showed the significant effect of the G×E interaction, in which the first main component was significant for all components.

Genotype×environment interaction for wheat yield in different drought stress conditions and agronomic traits suitable for selection

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Dodig ◽  
Miroslav Zoric ◽  
Desimir Knezevic ◽  
Stephen R. King ◽  
Gordana Surlan-Momirovic
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Predicting Performance

Wheat cultivars grown in south-eastern Europe are exposed to variable rainfed environments. Climate change predictions indicate that the frequency of dry years will likely increase in the future. This study examined relationships among agronomic traits and some drought indices with grain yield as influenced by genotype and environment. In a 4-year experiment, 100 cultivars and landraces of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from different countries were tested under 3 watering regimes: fully irrigated, rainfed, and in a rain-out plot shelter. Three selection indices, mean productivity (MP), tolerance (TOL), and stress susceptibility index (SSI), were calculated based on grain yield in irrigated and drought-stressed conditions. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) models were used to study the genotype × environment effects. Average yield reduction due to drought in the sheltered plots was 37.5%. High-yielding genotypes in each treatment showed high values of MP and high rank for SSI and, particularly, TOL. Conversely, low-yielding genotypes in each treatment had low values of MP and high drought tolerance according to SSI and TOL (i.e. low ranks). MP values were noted as being particularly well suited for predicting performance in this experiment. Total biomass and early vigour were found to be the most important agronomic traits for selecting high-yielding genotypes in a range of stress and non-stress conditions.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF ANCESTRAL AND MODERN CANADIAN SPRING WHEATS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. HUCL ◽  
R. J. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Spike Number

Spring wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) representing a century of crop breeding effort were evaluated in three rain-fed environments to determine which yield-related traits have been altered over time. Plant height and the length of the vegetative growth phase were shortened during the pre-Thatcher era. Spikelet number has been reduced but kernel weight increased during the period of cultivar development discussed herein. Tiller production has changed little since the turn of the century while spike number has been reduced slightly in the post-Thatcher period. Harvest indices increased with the introduction of Thatcher, but neither that trait nor crop grain yield have undergone consistent improvements since the 1930s. A significant cultivar × environment interaction resulted from adverse environment having a greater negative impact on grain yield of the older cultivars Red Fife and Marquis relative to their descendents. HY320, representing a potential new market class (Canadian Prairie Spring), yielded 25% more than standard height cultivars due to a higher biological yield and harvest index. Crop and spike grain yields were associated with kernel number/spike (r = 0.78,0.75) and days to spike emergence (r = 0.50,0.55), suggesting that high grain yield in this material is a function of maturity-dependent kernel production. Future improvements in grain yield might result from selection for higher harvest index since the latter trait is positively correlated with yield (r = 0.63) but not associated with maturity (−0.17).Key words: Old cultivars, spring wheat, yield components, harvest index, cultivar × environment interaction

scholarly journals Analysis for grain yield and some quality traits in Bulgarian bread wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (29) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Galina Mihova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Increased Strength

A major priority of the breeding programs is the development of varieties and hybrid plants combining high productivity and a level of qualitative parameters. Equally topical is the problem of achieving their stable level of expression under uncertain climatic environments. Within three vegetative growth periods (2018, 2019 and 2020) characterized with different levels of abiotic stress, 20 varieties of common winter wheat were investigated. The criteria for setting up of the working collection were the genotypes to be included in the Varietal List of Republic of Bulgaria and to cover the groups’ quality levels. The trials were carried out at two locations: the Institute of Agriculture – Karnobat and Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute – General Toshevo. These regions have specific soil and climatic conditions and are characterized with different risk factors for the development of the cereal crops. The variance analysis showed that the environmental conditions had a significant percent in the total variation of grain yield, the number of productive tillers, 1000 kernel weight and test weight. Concerning these traits, a genotype x environment interaction was also established. The cultivars with high mean yield from the two locations were Rada, Kristalina, Kalina, Katarzhina and Bozhana. The correlation between productivity and quality was successfully broken in Lazarka, Pchelina and Merilin, which belong to the group of strong wheat genotypes. Under the specific technology for conducting the field experiments we used, cultivars Pchelina and Merilin from group A were with expectedly high levels of wet gluten content and W index. The values determined for Lazarka were lower but less variable. In the group of medium wheat genotypes with increased strength, worth mentioning are Enola, Kristalina, Rada and Katarzhina.

The interaction between soil pH and phosphorus for wheat yield and the impact of lime-induced changes to soil aluminium and potassium

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig A. Scanlan ◽  
Ross F. Brennan ◽  
Mario F. D'Antuono ◽  
Gavin A. Sarre
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
The Impact

Interactions between soil pH and phosphorus (P) for plant growth have been widely reported; however, most studies have been based on pasture species, and the agronomic importance of this interaction for acid-tolerant wheat in soils with near-sufficient levels of fertility is unclear. We conducted field experiments with wheat at two sites with acid soils where lime treatments that had been applied in the 6 years preceding the experiments caused significant changes to soil pH, extractable aluminium (Al), soil nutrients and exchangeable cations. Soil pH(CaCl2) at 0–10cm was 4.7 without lime and 6.2 with lime at Merredin, and 4.7 without lime and 6.5 with lime at Wongan Hills. A significant lime×P interaction (P<0.05) for grain yield was observed at both sites. At Merredin, this interaction was negative, i.e. the combined effect of soil pH and P was less than their additive effect; the difference between the dose–response curves without lime and with lime was greatest at 0kgPha–1 and the curves converged at 32kgPha–1. At Wongan Hills, the interaction was positive (combined effect greater than the additive effect), and lime application reduced grain yield. The lime×P interactions observed are agronomically important because different fertiliser P levels were required to maximise grain yield. A lime-induced reduction in Al phytotoxicity was the dominant mechanism for this interaction at Merredin. The negative grain yield response to lime at Wongan Hills was attributed to a combination of marginal soil potassium (K) supply and lime-induced reduction in soil K availability.

scholarly journals Path analysis of grain yield associated characters in Brazilians wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1406-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
◽  
Maicon Nardino ◽  
Diego Nicolau Follmann ◽  
Gustavo Henrique Demari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

scholarly journals Impact of the Irrigation Dose Amount on the Wheat Yield

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Bieniek ◽  
Marek Mielnicki ◽  
Leszek Romański ◽  
Piotr Komarnicki
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Control Field ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Control Of Parameters ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe paper presents analysis of the impact of irrigation dose on the winter wheat Bystra yield, which is recommended for cultivation in Poland. It is a low-growing high-yield wheat cultivar. A reel sprinkler equipped with a computer for control of parameters of its operation, which was supplied with pond water was used for irrigation. Test were carried out on five fields, where four irrigation doses were used: 15, 20, 25, 30 mm. A change of weather during research in May and June caused the need to irrigate a field four times. During research, the size of the irrigation dose was measured with rain gauges on each of the investigated fields in five measurement points. One of the fields was a control field, which was not irrigated. The investigated wheat was characterized during harvesting. Research proved that the size of the irrigation dose influences the wheat yield. The grain yield between a control field and a field with the highest irrigation dose increased by twofold. Moreover, analysis of costs incurred during sprinkling were analysed.

Micronutrient seed priming improves stand establishment, grain yield and biofortification of bread wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nauman Ali ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Shakeel Arshad ◽  
Muhammad Kamran Saleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Crop Stand

Agronomic biofortification by seed treatments is a convenient way to harvest improved yields of micronutrient-enriched grains. This 2-year field study was conducted to evaluate the effects of seed priming with zinc (Zn), boron (B) and manganese (Mn) alone and in combinations on stand establishment, grain yield and biofortification of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Seeds of wheat cv. Faisalabad-2008 were soaked in aerated solutions of 0.5 m Zn, 0.01 m B and 0.1 m Mn, alone and in different combinations, for 12 h. Seed priming with the micronutrients was quite effective in improving stand establishment, yield-contributing traits, grain yield, and straw and grain micronutrient contents during both years. Best stand establishment was achieved from seed priming with Zn+B, followed by seed priming with Zn+Mn. Grain yield improvement from different seed priming treatments was in the order Zn+B > Zn+Mn > Zn > B > Mn > Zn+B+Mn, with respective increases of 34%, 33%, 21%, 19%, 18% and 8% relative to untreated seeds. Seed priming with Zn, B and Mn alone and in combinations also improved the contents of the respective micronutrients in straw and grain. All seed priming treatments were economically profitable except Zn+B+Mn, which was not cost-effective. The highest benefit : cost ratio accrued from seed priming with Zn+B. In conclusion, seed priming with micronutrients was generally cost-effective in meeting the crop micronutrient requirements, and in improving crop stand, grain yield and grain micronutrient contents in bread wheat. Seed priming with Zn+B was the most effective in this regard.

scholarly journals The impact of source or sink limitations on yield formation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) due to post-anthesis water and nitrogen deficiencies

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 218-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Madani ◽  
A. Shirani-Rad ◽  
A. Pazoki ◽  
G. Nourmohammadi ◽  
R. Zarghami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiencies ◽  
Rainfed Wheat ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
The Impact

The experiments were laid out to understand the mechanisms causing yield limitations imposed by post-anthesis water and nitrogen deficiencies in plants with modified source-sink ratios. Two soil-water regimes were allotted to the main plots. At anthesis, three levels of N were applied: none, 25% and 50% of total the N supply. Spike-halving caused reduction in grain yield at both water regimes and all N supply levels, showing that the reduction in grain number can not be compensated by a higher individual grain weight. Sink reduction by trimming 50% of the spikelets reduced grain number per ear by 38.5% and increased individual grain weight by 12.0%, which shows the plasticity in grain weight and grain set of wheat if sufficient assimilates are available. Additional nitrogen supply at anthesis had no significant effect on the total aboveground biomass, but increased grain yield through more allocation of dry matter to grains. Our findings suggest that for rainfed wheat with optimum N supply and supplemental irrigation, wheat growers should choose cultivars with a high grain number per ear and manage the crop to increase grain number per unit of land (sink capacity).

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