scholarly journals Valorization of Alkaline Peroxide Mechanical Pulp by Metal Chloride-Assisted Hydrotropic Pretreatment for Enzymatic Saccharification and Cellulose Nanofibrillation

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyang Bian ◽  
Xinxing Wu ◽  
Jing Luo ◽  
Yongzhen Qiao ◽  
Guigan Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Metal Chloride ◽  
Fractionation Process ◽  
Metal Chlorides ◽  
Alkaline Peroxide

Developing economical and sustainable fractionation technology of lignocellulose cell walls is the key to reaping the full benefits of lignocellulosic biomass. This study evaluated the potential of metal chloride-assisted p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TsOH) hydrolysis at low temperatures and under acid concentration for the co-production of sugars and lignocellulosic nanofibrils (LCNF). The results indicated that three metal chlorides obviously facilitated lignin solubilization, thereby enhancing the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and subsequent cellulose nanofibrillation. The CuCl2-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment was most suitable for delignification, resulting in a relatively higher enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of 53.2%. It was observed that the higher residual lignin absorbed on the fiber surface, which exerted inhibitory effects on the enzymatic hydrolysis, while the lower lignin content substrates resulted in less entangled LCNF with thinner diameters. The metal chloride-assisted rapid and low-temperature fractionation process has a significant potential in achieving the energy-efficient and cost-effective valorization of lignocellulosic biomass.

scholarly journals Effect of lignin content on enzymatic hydrolysis of furfural residues

BioResources ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Sun ◽  
Xianliang Song ◽  
Runcang Sun ◽  
Jianxin Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Enzyme Loading ◽  
Glucose Yield ◽  
Lignin Removal ◽  
Furfural Residues ◽  
Enzyme Dosage

The enzymatic saccharification of pretreated furfural residues with different lignin content was studied to verify the effect of lignin removal in the hydrolysis process. The results showed that the glucose yield was improved by increasing the lignin removal. A maximum glucose yield of 96.8% was obtained when the residue with a lignin removal of 51.4% was hydrolyzed for 108 h at an enzyme loading of 25 FPU/g cellulose. However, further lignin removal did not increase the hydrolysis. The effect of enzyme loading on the enzymatic hydrolysis was also explored in this work. It was concluded that a high glucose yield of 90% was achieved when the enzyme dosage was reduced from 25 to 15 FPU/g cellulose, which was cost-effective for the sugar and ethanol production. The structures of raw material and delignified samples were further characterized by XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

scholarly journals Bioethanol production from extracted olive pomace: dilute acid hydrolysis

Bioethanol ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C. Fernandes ◽  
Ivone Torrado ◽  
Florbela Carvalheiro ◽  
Vânia Dores ◽  
Vera Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Size Reduction ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Dilute Acid ◽  
Dilute Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Separate Hydrolysis And Fermentation

AbstractResidues from olive oil industry such as Extracted Olive Pomace (EOP) are potential substrates for bioethanol production. In this work, enzymatic hydrolysis of EOP pretreated by dilute acid hydrolysis (DAH) was assessed, and the enzymatic hydrolysis and bioconversion were carried out both by separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and pre-saccharification followed by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (PSSF). DAH led to a significant removal hemicellulose, but the subsequent enzymatic treatments showed that the resulting residue was still partially recalcitrant to cellulase hydrolysis. Size reduction and further treatment of EOP-DAH with an alkaline solution were also tested. Alkaline post-treatment allowed a decrease in lignin content, but had little effect on enzymatic saccharification comparing to size reduction. Hence fermentation study was performed with ground EOP-DAH. The PSSF process showed a relatively higher bioethanol fermentation yield (0.46 gg-1) when compared to the SHF process.

scholarly journals A commercial laccase-mediator system to delignify and improve saccharification of the fast-growing Paulownia fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl.

Holzforschung ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Rencoret ◽  
Antonio Pereira ◽  
Gisela Marques ◽  
José Carlos del Río ◽  
Ángel T. Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
2D Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Alkaline Peroxide ◽  
Syringyl Lignin ◽  
Methyl Syringate ◽  
Paulownia Wood

Abstract It was demonstrated for the first time that a laccase-based enzymatic pretreatment is able to delignify fast-growing paulownia species. The treatment was performed with a commercial low-redox potential laccase isolated from Myceliophthora thermophila (Apinis) Oorschot and methyl syringate (MeS) as a natural phenolic mediator. Up to 24% lignin removal was attained by the laccase-MeS treatment (L/MeS), followed by alkaline peroxide extraction in a multistage sequence. The reduction in lignin content was accompanied by a significant improvement in the subsequent enzymatic saccharification, with increases of up to 38% glucose and 34% xylose yields. The structural modifications of the lignin were analyzed in situ by two dimensional-nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-NMR) spectroscopy. A considerable removal of guaiacyl and syringyl lignin units with respect to the carbohydrate signals was visible as well as the cleavage of β-O-4′, β-5′ and β-β′ linkages leading to elevated amounts of Cα-oxidized guaiacyl and syringyl units. The presence of oxidized lignin compounds in the filtrates of the enzymatic treatments – such as vanillin, vanillic acid, syringaldehyde and syringic acid – conclusively demonstrates the ability of L/MeS treatment to oxidize and depolymerize the lignin in paulownia wood.

Studies to optimize the process of biofuel production from castor stalk

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-284
Author(s):  
Vasudha Kotia ◽  
Rangananthan Vijayaraghavan ◽  
Vidhya Rangaswamy ◽  
Pavankumar Aduri ◽  
Santosh B. Noronha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
High Lignin Content

Abstract Lignocellulosic biomass is a rich source of cellulose and one of the most promising raw materials for the production of biofuels and other value added chemicals. However, its high lignin content and complex cellular structure represent a significant processing challenge. In this work, the effect of pretreatment using [EMIM][Ac] was studied at various process parameters in order to develop a cost-effective process. In order to minimize the loss of sugars in this process bulk of the solids, comprising both regenerated cellulose and undissolved particles were subjected to the enzymatic hydrolysis. Up to 96% enzymatic digestibility was achieved, even with relatively coarse particle sizes (0.6–1.0 mm range), at 10% biomass loading. The enhanced digestibility of CS is attributed to reduction in lignin content, crystallinity of the cellulose coupled with an increase in surface area.

scholarly journals Evaluation of commercial cellulase preparations for the efficient hydrolysis of hydrothermally pretreated empty fruit bunches

BioResources ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 7834-7840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungwoo Yang ◽  
Ji Eun Kim ◽  
Jae Kyun Kim ◽  
Sung ho Lee ◽  
Ju-Hyun Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Glucose Yield ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Biomass Feedstocks ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The performance of cellulase in the enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose depends on the characteristics of lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks and the pretreatment method used. Efficient hydrolysis of specifically pretreated lignocellulose necessitates the knowledge of the characteristics of the optimal commercial cellulases. In this study, commercial cellulase preparations (Accellerase™ 1000, Accellerase® 1500, and Spezyme® CP from DuPont and Cellic® CTec2 from Novozymes) were evaluated for their hydrolysis efficiency of hydrothermally pretreated empty fruit bunches (EFBs). The highest glucose yields of 91.3% and 84.7% were achieved for 30 FPU of Cellic® CTec2/g glucan with and without Cellic® HTec2, respectively. Of the four cellulases tested, Cellic® CTec2, which showed the highest cellobiohydrolase, xylanase, and β-glucosidase activities, showed the highest glucose yield in the enzymatic hydrolysis of hydrothermally pretreated EFBs. The results of this study are valuable for those who plan to enzymatically hydrolyze hydrothermally pretreated EFBs.

scholarly journals Ball Milling Pretreatment of Bagasse for Ethanol Production by Enzymatic Saccharification and Fermentation

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-358
Author(s):  
MS Jamal ◽  
SMA Sujan ◽  
MY Miah ◽  
SK Banik ◽  
SU Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Ethanol Fermentation ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Pretreatment Time

Enzymatic saccharification (Hydrolysis) is one of the technologies to hydrolyze lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, Bangladeshi bagasse is used as feedstock for enzymatic saccharification and ethanol fermentation. Cutter mill and Mechano-chemical treatment (Ball mill) are used for pretreatment. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of substrate concentration, pretreatment time and enzyme concentration to enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation. The yield of glucose from cellulose is decreased with increasing substrate concentration from 5% to 15%, but the total amount of glucose is increased with increasing substrate concentration. Sample with long pretreatment time hydrolysis easily. Ball milling pretreatment of 1 hour is the most effective on enzymatic hydrolysis which gives better sugar yield than others. Enzyme loading has significant effect on enzymatic hydrolysis. Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used to converts C6 sugar into ethanol and incubated at 30oC for 96 hours. Almost all fermentable sugar converted into ethanol within 24 hours. Key words : Enzymatic saccharification;, Lignocellulosic biomass; Ethanol; Fermentation; Mechano-chemical treatment. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i3.9042 BJSIR 2011; 46(3): 353-358

Acid-Alkaline Two-Stage Pretreatments of Corn Stover for Enhancing Enzymatic Saccharification

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Song Wang ◽  
Hong Ling Gao ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Xin Dong Mu
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Alkaline Pretreatment ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Glucose Yield ◽  
Second Stage

For the enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass, single acid or alkaline pretreatment is not satisfactory because of the low sugar yields together with the neutralization of residual chemicals before enzymatic hydrolysis. Herein, an acid-alkaline two-stage pretreatment process was designed to treat corn stover. During the process, the pretreated liquid from the first stage and the solid residues from the second stage were mixed together for the subsequent simultaneous enzymatic hydrolysis, where a mixture of cellulase with an activity loading of 20 FPU/g substrate, cellobiase with an activity loading of 5 U/g substrate, and xylanase with an activity loading of 200 U/g substrate was used. Compared to the single acid or alkaline pretreatment, the acid-alkaline two-stage pretreatment could significantly improve the enzymatic saccharification, and 91.2% glucose yield with 52.56% of the theoretical total reducing sugar yield was achieved after the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis.

Combined pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass by solid base (calcined Na2SiO3) and ionic liquid for enhanced enzymatic saccharification

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (101) ◽  
pp. 99455-99466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiyan Sun ◽  
Xitong Sun ◽  
Fan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Combined Pretreatment ◽  
Soybean Straw ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Combined pretreatment of lignocellulose by [BMIm]Cl and solid base Na2SiO3 enhances the enzymatic hydrolysis of willow and soybean straw.

scholarly journals Bioethanol Production by Enzymatic Hydrolysis from Different Lignocellulosic Sources

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 753
Author(s):  
Katja Vasić ◽  
Željko Knez ◽  
Maja Leitgeb
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Alternative Sources

As the need for non-renewable sources such as fossil fuels has increased during the last few decades, the search for sustainable and renewable alternative sources has gained growing interest. Enzymatic hydrolysis in bioethanol production presents an important step, where sugars that are fermented are obtained in the final fermentation process. In the process of enzymatic hydrolysis, more and more new effective enzymes are being researched to ensure a more cost-effective process. There are many different enzyme strategies implemented in hydrolysis protocols, where different lignocellulosic biomass, such as wood feedstocks, different agricultural wastes, and marine algae are being used as substrates for an efficient bioethanol production. This review investigates the very recent enzymatic hydrolysis pathways in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass.

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