scholarly journals PEDOT:PSS in Water and Toluene for Organic Devices—Technical Approach

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Jewłoszewicz ◽  
Krzysztof A. Bogdanowicz ◽  
Wojciech Przybył ◽  
Agnieszka Iwan ◽  
Ireneusz Plebankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Spray Coating ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Energy Bandgap

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene:poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) water and toluene solutions were investigated in detail, taking into consideration their stability, wettability, transparency, and electrochemical properties, along with change polarity caused by dopant. As dopant, methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol were used with different dipole moments (1.70, 1.69, and 1.66 D) and dielectric constants (33.0, 24.5, and 18.0). Three techniques, i.e., spin coating, doctor blade coating, and spray coating, were employed to created PEDOT:PSS layers on glass, glass/indium tin oxide (ITO), and glass/fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates with optimized technical parameters for each used equipment. All used PEDOT:PSS water and toluene solutions demonstrated good wetting properties with angles below 30° for all used surfaces. Values of the energy bandgap (Eg) of PEDOT:PSS investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in solution showed increase energy Eg along with addition of alcohol to the mixture, and they were found in the range of 1.20 eV to 2.85 eV. The opposite tendency was found for the Eg value of the PEDOT:PSS layer created from water solution. The storage effect on PEDOT:PSS layers detected by CV affected only the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level, thereby causing changes in the energy bandgap. Finally, simple devices were constructed and investigated by infrared (IR) thermographic camera to investigate the surface defects on the created PEDOT:PSS layers. Our study showed that a more stable PEDOT:PSS layer without pin-holes and defects can be obtained from water and toluene solutions with isopropanol via the spin coating technique with an optimal speed of 3000 rpm and time of 90 s.

scholarly journals DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL (DSSC) MENGGUNAKAN FILM TIPIS ZNO:B DAN EKSTRAK DYE DARI UBI UNGU

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurdin Siregar ◽  
Nurhabibah Purba ◽  
Motlan Motlan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cell ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Zno Doping

Prototype DSSCdoping boron 2,5% telah berhasil disintetis dengan metode sol-gel spin coating. Penelitian mengenai dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) dilakukan dengan menggunakan dye dari ekstrak ubi ungu, larutan elektrolit mosalyte dan elektroda lawan berupa platina. Elektrode kerja yaitu ZnO doping boron yang dideposisikan pada kaca konduktif ITO (Indium Tin Oxide). Variasi konsentrasi doping  adalah 2.5% dengan menggunakan boron lemah yaitu boric acid (H3BO3). Lapisan film tipis ZnO:B dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan SEM, XRD, UV-Vis Spektrometer, dan FTIR. Berdasarkan karakterisasi UV-Vis, diperoleh nilai absorbansi larutan dye ubi ungu adalah 0,67 a.u pada panjang gelombang 515 nm.  Nilai energi gap dari film tipis ZnO:B 2,5% adalah 3,161 eV. Nilai ukuran kristal yang diperoleh yaitu 29 nm. Efisiensi DSSC pada konsentrasi doping boron 2,5% adalah sebesar 0,118%.Kata Kunci : Dye Sensitized Solar Cell, Boric acid, Indium Tin Oxide, Mosalyte, ZnO:B, Boron

Preparation of N-Doped TiO2/NiO Composite Electrode and its Photoelectrochemcal Characteristics

2011 ◽  
Vol 306-307 ◽  
pp. 344-347
Author(s):  
Chun Tao Wang ◽  
Wen Kui Zhang ◽  
Hui Huang ◽  
Xin Yong Tao
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Composite Electrode ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Properties ◽  
Visible Transmittance ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Transient Measurements

TiO2-xNx film was prepared by the combination of sol-gel and spin-coating method on indium-tin oxide (ITO) conducting glass substrate. Then an ITO/TiO2-xNx/NiO composite electrode was obtained by chemical bath deposition (CBD). The morphology, crystal structure and composition of the ITO/TiO2-xNx film were characterized by SEM, XRD, and XPS. The photoelectrochemical properties of the ITO/TiO2-xNx/NiO electrode were evaluated by photocurrent transient measurements and UV-visible transmittance spectra. The results showed that the ITO/TiO2-xNx/NiO electrode was sensitive to light and exhibited a noticeable photoelectrochromism.

Chemical modification of indium-tin-oxide electrodes by surface molecular design

2001 ◽  
Vol 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chimed Ganzorig ◽  
Masamichi Fujihira
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Work Function ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Molecular Design ◽  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Transparent Electrode ◽  
Terminal Group ◽  
Hole Injection ◽  
Oxide Electrodes

ABSTRACTIndium-tin-oxide (ITO) is the most widely used material as a transparent electrode due to its excellent transparency and high conductivity. The devices based on bare ITO, however, exhibited inefficient hole injection due to insufficient high work function and required high drive voltages. Thus, various surface treatments of ITO have been attempted to change the work function of ITO in order to reduce the hole injection barrier height. Electroluminescent (EL) characteristics of devices were improved dramatically using ITO chemically modified with H-, Cl-, and CF3-terminated benzoyl chlorides. By the use of reactive -COCl groups, ITO surfaces were modified quickly and the work function of the modified ITO was changed widely depending upon the permanent dipole moments introduced in p-position of benzoyl chloride. We also compared the performance of the EL devices with ITO modified with different binding groups (-SO2Cl, -COCl, and -PO2Cl2) of p-chlorobenzene derivatives. Finally, we examined the correlation between the change in the work function and the performance of the EL devices by the chemical modification and found that the enormous increase in ITO work function up to 0.9 eV is possible using phenylphosphoryl dichloride with a CF3-terminal group in p-position.

Energy bandgap variation in oblique angle-deposited indium tin oxide

2016 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 041910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyurin Kim ◽  
Jun Hyuk Park ◽  
Hyunsoo Kim ◽  
Jong Kyu Kim ◽  
E. Fred Schubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Oblique Angle ◽  
Energy Bandgap

Plasmon enhanced polymer solar cells by spin-coating Au nanoparticles on indium-tin-oxide substrate

2012 ◽  
Vol 101 (13) ◽  
pp. 133903 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Gao ◽  
X. W. Zhang ◽  
Z. G. Yin ◽  
H. R. Tan ◽  
S. G. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Polymer Solar Cells ◽  
Oxide Substrate ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide Substrate

Flexible and Transparent SWCNT Electrodes for Alternating Current Electroluminescence (ACEL) Devices

2009 ◽  
Vol 1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Schrage ◽  
Stefan Kaskel
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Sheet Resistance ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Spray Coating ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Coating Process ◽  
Single Walled Carbon Nanotube

AbstractThe application of transparent single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) electrodes in rigid and flexible alternating current electroluminescence (ACEL) devices is demonstrated. SWCNT thin film electrodes (50 – 160 nm) were made using a spray-coating process suitable for adjusting transparency and sheet resistance. The emission intensity was as high as for indium tin oxide (ITO) based ACEL devices with transparencies comparable to ITO coated polymer slides.

Photocurrent generation by benzoporphyrin films prepared by a solution process

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko Yamada ◽  
Naoko Kamio ◽  
Akihiro Ohishi ◽  
Manami Kawano ◽  
Tetsuo Okujima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Solution Process ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Photocurrent Generation ◽  
Oxide Electrodes ◽  
Triple Layer

Tetrabenzoporphyrin films on indium-tin-oxide electrodes were prepared by continuous spin-coating of indium-tin-oxide electrodes with a soluble precursor, tetrabicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene-fused porphyrin, and subsequent thermal conversion of the precursor to tetrabenzoporphyrin by annealing the modified electrodes. When the tetrabenzoporhyrin-modified indium-tin-oxide working electrode was irradiated in a three-electrode system, using Pt as a counter electrode and Ag / Ag + as a reference electrode in the presence of hexyl viologen as an electron acceptor, a cathodic photocurrent was observed. A double layer structure consisting of tetrabenzoporphyrin and [6,6]-phenyl- C 61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) films and a triple layer structure consisting of tetrabenzoporphyrin; a mixture of tetrabenzoporphyrin and PCBM; and PCBM films were also prepared on indium-tin-oxide electrodes by repeated spin-coating. The incident photon to photocurrent efficiency values of up to 6.8% were obtained for the triple layer structure, in which the mixed layer contained tetrabenzoporphyrin and PCBM molecules in a 7:3 ratio. Action spectra of the triple layer structure showed that visible light from 380 to 700 nm sensitized the system for photocurrent generation.

scholarly journals Structural, Optical and Electrochromic Properties of NanocrystallineTiO2Thin Films Prepared by Spin Coating

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jourdani ◽  
A. Outzourhit ◽  
A. Oueriagli ◽  
D. Aitelhabti ◽  
E. L. Ameziane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Absorption Edge ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Nanocrystalline Tio2 ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Cyclic Voltametry

Nanocrystalline TiO2 thin filmswere prepared by spin coating on covered glass substrates with an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer. The structural, electrochromic and optical properties of the films were investigated. The films are crystallized predominantly in the anatase phase with lattice parametersa=b= 0.378 nm andc= 0.958 nm . The crystallite size was found to be of the order of 14 nm. The films showed reversible coloration/bleaching cycles as demonstrated by cyclic voltametry and current–time transients. The transmission of the blue colored films decreased and their absorption edge was less sharp and shifted to higher wavelengths as a result of the intercalation ofLi+ions.

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