Estimation of the Effect of Accelerating New Bone Formation of High and Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid Hybrid: An Animal Study

Osteoconduction is an important consideration for fabricating bio-active materials for bone regeneration. For years, hydroxyapatite and β-calcium triphosphate (β-TCP) have been used to develop bone grafts for treating bone defects. However, this material can be difficult to handle due to filling material sagging. High molecular weight hyaluronic acid (H-HA) can be used as a carrier to address this problem and improve operability. However, the effect of H-HA on bone formation is still controversial. In this study, low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (L-HA) was fabricated using gamma-ray irradiation. The viscoelastic properties and chemical structure of the fabricated hybrids were evaluated by a rheological analysis nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum. The L-MH was mixed with H-HA to produce H-HA/L-HA hybrids at ratios of 80:20, 50:50 and 20:80 (w/w). These HA hybrids were then combined with hydroxyapatite and β-TCP to create a novel bone graft composite. For animal study, artificial bone defects were prepared in rabbit femurs. After 12 weeks of healing, the rabbits were scarified, and the healing statuses were observed and evaluated through micro-computer tomography (CT) and tissue histological images. Our viscoelastic analysis showed that an HA hybrid consisting 20% H-HA is sufficient to maintain elasticity; however, the addition of L-HA dramatically decreases the dynamic viscosity of the HA hybrid. Micro-CT images showed that the new bone formations in the rabbit femur defect model treated with 50% and 80% L-HA were 1.47 (p < 0.05) and 2.26 (p < 0.01) times higher than samples filled with HA free bone graft. In addition, a similar tendency was observed in the results of HE staining. These results lead us to suggest that the material with an H-HA/L-HA ratio of 50:50 exhibited acceptable viscosity and significant new bone formation. Thus, it is reasonable to suggest that it may be a potential candidate to serve as a supporting system for improving the operability of granular bone grafts and enhancing new bone formations.

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Retracted: New bone formation in bone defects after melatonin and porcine bone grafts: experimental study in rabbits

Clinical Oral Implants Research ◽

10.1111/clr.12364 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 399-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

José-Luis Calvo-Guirado ◽

Gerardo Gómez-Moreno ◽

José-Eduardo Maté-Sánchez ◽

Laura López-Marí ◽

Rafael Delgado-Ruiz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Grafts ◽

Bone Defects ◽

New Bone Formation

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Evaluation of Amniotic-Derived Membrane Biomaterial as an Adjunct for Repair of Critical Sized Bone Defects

Advances in Orthopedic Surgery ◽

10.1155/2014/572586 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mikael Starecki ◽

John A. Schwartz ◽

Daniel A. Grande

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Graft ◽

Critical Size ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Autogenous Bone Graft ◽

Autogenous Bone ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Introduction. Autogenous bone graft is the gold standard in reconstruction of bone defects. The use of autogenous bone graft is problematic because of limited bone as well as donor site morbidity. This study evaluates a novel biomaterial as an alternative to autogenous bone graft. The biomaterial is amniotic membrane, rich in growth factors. Methods. Twenty-one adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with biomaterial using the rat critical size femoral gap model. After creation of the critical size femoral gap animals were randomized to one of the following groups: Group 1 (control): gap left empty and received no treatment; Group 2 (experimental): the gap was filled with commercially available bone graft; Group 3 (experimental): the gap was filled with bone graft plus NuCel amniotic tissue preparation. Results. The experimental groups demonstrated new bone formation compared to controls. The results were evident on radiographs and histology. Histology showed Group 1 controls to have 11.1% new bone formation, 37.8% for Group 2, and 49.2% for Group 3. These results were statistically significant. Conclusions. The study demonstrates that amniotic membrane products have potential to provide bridging of bone defects. Filling bone defects without harvesting autogenous bone would provide a significant improvement in patient care.

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Effects of Autogenous Tooth Bone Graft and Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Peri-Implant Defects: An Experimental Study in an Animal Model

Journal of Oral Implantology ◽

10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00038 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 221-226

Author(s):

Alper Kızıldağ ◽

Ufuk Tasdemir ◽

Taner Arabacı ◽

Canan Aksu Kızıldağ ◽

Mevlüt Albayrak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Graft ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Bone Healing ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Control Group ◽

Graft Material ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽

Bone To Implant Contact

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of autogenous tooth bone graft (ATBG) combined with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on bone healing in rabbit peri-implant osseous defects. Eighteen New Zealand rabbits were divided into 3 groups. Bone defects were prepared in each rabbit, and then an implant cavity was created in the defects. Dental implants were placed, and the peri-implant bone defects were treated with the following 3 methods: no graft material was applied in the control group, bone defects were treated with ATBG in the ATBG group, and bone defects were treated with ATBG combined with PRF in the ATBG+PRF group. After 28 days, the rabbits were sacrificed, and the dental implants with surrounding bone were removed. New bone formation and the percentage of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) were determined with histomorphometric evaluations. New bone formation was significantly higher in the ATBG+PRF group than the control and ATBG groups (P < .05). In addition, BIC was significantly higher in the ATBG+PRF group than in the control and ATBG groups (P < .05). The combination of ATBG with PRF contributed to bone healing in rabbits with peri-implant bone defects.

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Mechanistic Illustration: How Newly-Formed Blood Vessels Stopped by the Mineral Blocks of Bone Substitutes Can Be Avoided by Using Innovative Combined Therapeutics

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines9080952 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 952

Author(s):

Fabien Bornert ◽

François Clauss ◽

Guoqiang Hua ◽

Ysia Idoux-Gillet ◽

Laetitia Keller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regenerative Medicine ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Medicinal Product ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Bone Substitute ◽

Bone Substitutes ◽

Bone Defects ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Polymeric Component ◽

Bone Filling

One major limitation for the vascularization of bone substitutes used for filling is the presence of mineral blocks. The newly-formed blood vessels are stopped or have to circumvent the mineral blocks, resulting in inefficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the implant. This leads to necrosis within the implant and to poor engraftment of the bone substitute. The aim of the present study is to provide a bone substitute currently used in the clinic with suitably guided vascularization properties. This therapeutic hybrid bone filling, containing a mineral and a polymeric component, is fortified with pro-angiogenic smart nano-therapeutics that allow the release of angiogenic molecules. Our data showed that the improved vasculature within the implant promoted new bone formation and that the newly-formed bone swapped the mineral blocks of the bone substitutes much more efficiently than in non-functionalized bone substitutes. Therefore, we demonstrated that our therapeutic bone substitute is an advanced therapeutical medicinal product, with great potential to recuperate and guide vascularization that is stopped by mineral blocks, and can improve the regeneration of critical-sized bone defects. We have also elucidated the mechanism to understand how the newly-formed vessels can no longer encounter mineral blocks and pursue their course of vasculature, giving our advanced therapeutical bone filling great potential to be used in many applications, by combining filling and nano-regenerative medicine that currently fall short because of problems related to the lack of oxygen and nutrients.

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Comparative study of new bone formation capability of zirconia bone graft material in rabbit calvarial

The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics ◽

10.4047/jap.2018.10.3.167 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 167 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ik-Jung Kim ◽

Soo-Yeon Shin

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Bone Graft ◽

Graft Material ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Bone Graft Material

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Bioactivity of the Two Kinds of Biodegradable Composite Membrane Containing Oriented Needle-Like Apatite

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.284-286.811 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 284-286 ◽

pp. 811-814 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Toshiki Itoh ◽

Seiji Ban ◽

T. Watanabe ◽

Shozo Tsuruta ◽

Takahiro Kawai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Composite Membrane ◽

Composite Membranes ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Thigh Muscle ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Biodegradable Composite ◽

Morphogenetic Protein ◽

Old Mice

It is well known that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) induces bone formation and requires for carriers. Poly-lactic acid / poly-glycolic acid (PLGA) is frequently used as the carriers of BMP. We developed a biodegradable composite PLGA membrane, which was containing oriented needle-like apatite with BMP. The composite membranes were implanted into the thigh muscle pouch of 3-week-old-mice. At 3 weeks after implantation, the implanted area was observed by optical microscopy. The composite membrane containing oriented needle-like apatite with BMP induced new bone formation. It seems that this composite membrane might be a scaffold of BMP and promoting the healing of bone defects.

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New Bone Formation in the Maxillary Sinus With/Without Bone Graft

Implant Dentistry - The Most Promising Discipline of Dentistry ◽

10.5772/16512 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Dong-Seok Sohn

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Graft ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Without Bone Graft

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28356 Efficacy of topical serum containing high and low molecular weight of hyaluronic acid as anti-aging in Brazilian skin

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology ◽

10.1016/j.jaad.2021.06.751 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. AB184

Author(s):

Alessandra Romiti ◽

Priscila Correia ◽

José Euzébio Gonçalves Junior ◽

Beatriz Sant’Anna ◽

Caroline Le Floc

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Low Molecular Weight

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Hyaluronic acid as an active agent to accelerate bone regeneration aftertooth extraction: a literature review

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy ◽

10.22146/ijpther.1016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Andyka Yasa I Putu Gede ◽

I Made Jawi ◽

I Made Muliarta

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Tooth Extraction ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Healing Process ◽

Active Agent ◽

Inflammatory Phase ◽

Passive Mechanism ◽

Active Mechanism

Tooth extraction is a dental treatment that is performed frequently in dentistry. This procedure will stimulate a sophisticated healing process involving a variety of biological factors although it takes a long time to complete. Three phases occur in this process i.e. the inflammatory phase, the proliferation phase, and the remodeling phase which aim to restore the tissue function. Several interventions can be used to accelerate bone formation after tooth extraction. Recently, hyaluronic acid (HA) has been commonly used in dentistry due to their essential physiological effects for the periodontal connective tissue, gingiva, and alveolar bone. Hyaluronic acidis a natural non-sulfate glycosaminoglycans compound that has high molecular weight consisting of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. Hyaluronic acidis also a component of the extracellular matrix that plays an important role in morphogenesis and tissue healing. The mechanism of action of HA works in two ways, that is passive and active mechanism. The passive mechanism is depend on physical and chemical properties of HA that can change the molecular weight and concentration properties. The active mechanism of HA works by stimulating signal transduction pathway initiated by ligand binding with its receptors through autocrine or paracrine processes. The administration of HA can accelerate bone formation due to it can enhance bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) which belongs to the TGF- β superfamily that has high osteogenic capacity. The HA works through a passive mechanism that depends on its molecular weight and an active mechanism by increasing BMP activity.

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