Retracted: New bone formation in bone defects after melatonin and porcine bone grafts: experimental study in rabbits

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
José-Luis Calvo-Guirado ◽  
Gerardo Gómez-Moreno ◽  
José-Eduardo Maté-Sánchez ◽  
Laura López-Marí ◽  
Rafael Delgado-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
New Bone Formation

scholarly journals Estimation of the Effect of Accelerating New Bone Formation of High and Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid Hybrid: An Animal Study

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1708
Author(s):  
Po-Jan Kuo ◽  
Hsiu-Ju Yen ◽  
Chi-Yu Lin ◽  
Hsuan-Yu Lai ◽  
Chun-Hung Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Animal Study ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
New Bone Formation

Osteoconduction is an important consideration for fabricating bio-active materials for bone regeneration. For years, hydroxyapatite and β-calcium triphosphate (β-TCP) have been used to develop bone grafts for treating bone defects. However, this material can be difficult to handle due to filling material sagging. High molecular weight hyaluronic acid (H-HA) can be used as a carrier to address this problem and improve operability. However, the effect of H-HA on bone formation is still controversial. In this study, low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (L-HA) was fabricated using gamma-ray irradiation. The viscoelastic properties and chemical structure of the fabricated hybrids were evaluated by a rheological analysis nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum. The L-MH was mixed with H-HA to produce H-HA/L-HA hybrids at ratios of 80:20, 50:50 and 20:80 (w/w). These HA hybrids were then combined with hydroxyapatite and β-TCP to create a novel bone graft composite. For animal study, artificial bone defects were prepared in rabbit femurs. After 12 weeks of healing, the rabbits were scarified, and the healing statuses were observed and evaluated through micro-computer tomography (CT) and tissue histological images. Our viscoelastic analysis showed that an HA hybrid consisting 20% H-HA is sufficient to maintain elasticity; however, the addition of L-HA dramatically decreases the dynamic viscosity of the HA hybrid. Micro-CT images showed that the new bone formations in the rabbit femur defect model treated with 50% and 80% L-HA were 1.47 (p < 0.05) and 2.26 (p < 0.01) times higher than samples filled with HA free bone graft. In addition, a similar tendency was observed in the results of HE staining. These results lead us to suggest that the material with an H-HA/L-HA ratio of 50:50 exhibited acceptable viscosity and significant new bone formation. Thus, it is reasonable to suggest that it may be a potential candidate to serve as a supporting system for improving the operability of granular bone grafts and enhancing new bone formations.

scholarly journals The Use of a Synthetic Ceramic Graft Mixed with Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) in the Treatment of Bone Defects.An experimental study

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 774-778
Author(s):  
Alexandru Nemtoi ◽  
Ana Nemtoi ◽  
Kamel Earar ◽  
Adrian Beznea ◽  
Cristian Onisor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Histologic Examination ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of alloplatic graft and platelet rich fibrin (PRF) , alone or in combination, on bone regeneration in Wistar rats femural defects. Bone defects were prepared in adults male of 20 Wistar rats. In a group of ten, the defect was filled with synthetic ceramic graft as an alloplastic graft; the others 10 were grafted with this alloplastic graft mixed with PRF. All animals were sacrificed on the 90th postoperative day and the femural bones were removed, histologic sections were prepared and the experimental sites were examined microscopically. Histologic examination revealed more new bone formation in the defects filled with alloplastic graft mixed with PRF than in the defects grafted with alloplastic graft alone. The platelet rich fibrin combination effectively induces new bone formation.

scholarly journals Mechanistic Illustration: How Newly-Formed Blood Vessels Stopped by the Mineral Blocks of Bone Substitutes Can Be Avoided by Using Innovative Combined Therapeutics

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 952
Author(s):  
Fabien Bornert ◽  
François Clauss ◽  
Guoqiang Hua ◽  
Ysia Idoux-Gillet ◽  
Laetitia Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Medicinal Product ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Polymeric Component ◽  
Bone Filling

One major limitation for the vascularization of bone substitutes used for filling is the presence of mineral blocks. The newly-formed blood vessels are stopped or have to circumvent the mineral blocks, resulting in inefficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the implant. This leads to necrosis within the implant and to poor engraftment of the bone substitute. The aim of the present study is to provide a bone substitute currently used in the clinic with suitably guided vascularization properties. This therapeutic hybrid bone filling, containing a mineral and a polymeric component, is fortified with pro-angiogenic smart nano-therapeutics that allow the release of angiogenic molecules. Our data showed that the improved vasculature within the implant promoted new bone formation and that the newly-formed bone swapped the mineral blocks of the bone substitutes much more efficiently than in non-functionalized bone substitutes. Therefore, we demonstrated that our therapeutic bone substitute is an advanced therapeutical medicinal product, with great potential to recuperate and guide vascularization that is stopped by mineral blocks, and can improve the regeneration of critical-sized bone defects. We have also elucidated the mechanism to understand how the newly-formed vessels can no longer encounter mineral blocks and pursue their course of vasculature, giving our advanced therapeutical bone filling great potential to be used in many applications, by combining filling and nano-regenerative medicine that currently fall short because of problems related to the lack of oxygen and nutrients.

Bioactivity of the Two Kinds of Biodegradable Composite Membrane Containing Oriented Needle-Like Apatite

2005 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 811-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiki Itoh ◽  
Seiji Ban ◽  
T. Watanabe ◽  
Shozo Tsuruta ◽  
Takahiro Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Biodegradable Composite ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Old Mice

It is well known that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) induces bone formation and requires for carriers. Poly-lactic acid / poly-glycolic acid (PLGA) is frequently used as the carriers of BMP. We developed a biodegradable composite PLGA membrane, which was containing oriented needle-like apatite with BMP. The composite membranes were implanted into the thigh muscle pouch of 3-week-old-mice. At 3 weeks after implantation, the implanted area was observed by optical microscopy. The composite membrane containing oriented needle-like apatite with BMP induced new bone formation. It seems that this composite membrane might be a scaffold of BMP and promoting the healing of bone defects.

Quantitative Analysis of New Bone Formation in Various Bone Grafts by In - Vivo Tetracycline Labeling

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sang Cheol Seong ◽  
Young Min Kim ◽  
Han Koo Lee ◽  
In Ho Choi ◽  
Moon Sang Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Tetracycline Labeling

scholarly journals Osseous Healing in Surgically Prepared Bone Defects Using Different Grafting Materials: An Experimental Study in Pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savvas Titsinides ◽  
Theodore Karatzas ◽  
Despoina Perrea ◽  
Efstathios Eleftheriadis ◽  
Leonidas Podaropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Tissue Specimens

Regeneration of large jaw bone defects still remains a clinical challenge. To avoid incomplete bone repair, bone grafts have been advocated to support the healing process. This study comparatively evaluated new bone formation among a synthetic graft substitute, a human bone derivative, and a bovine xenograft. Materials were placed in 3 out of the 4 bone cavities, while 1 deficit was left empty, serving as a control, in mono-cortical defects, surgically prepared in the porcine calvaria bone. Animals were randomized in 2 groups and euthanized at 8 and 12 weeks. Harvested tissue specimens were qualitatively evaluated by histology. New bone formation was quantitatively measured by histomorphometry. Maximum new bone formation was noticed in defects grafted with beta-tricalcium phosphate b-TCP compared to the other bone substitutes, at 8 and 12 weeks post-surgery. Bovine and human allograft induced less new bone formation compared to empty bone cavity. Histologic analysis revealed that b-TCP was absorbed and substituted significantly, while bovine and human allograft was maintained almost intact in close proximity with new bone. Based on our findings, higher new bone formation was detected in defects filled with b-TCP when compared to bovine and human graft substitutes.

Evaluation in cats of a new material for cranioplasty: a composite of plaster of Paris and hydroxylapatite

1988 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Rawlings ◽  
Robert H. Wilkins ◽  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Nicholas G. Georgiade ◽  
John M. Harrelson
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Plaster Of Paris ◽  
New Material ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The materials ordinarily used to reconstruct bone defects in the calvaria and facial bones either are difficult to shape, are partially resorbed by the body, or are likely to become infected if used near a contaminated area such as the frontal sinus. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate (plaster of Paris) has been known for years to have excellent reparative qualities in bone defects, but ordinarily it is quickly resorbed. Consequently, a new material, a composite of a dense form of plaster of Paris and hydroxylapatite, was devised to provide nonabsorbable hydroxylapatite particles for bone to form around and within during the phase of plaster absorption. Two types of this material were evaluated in cranial defects in cats. Each of the plaster of Paris/hydroxylapatite mixtures was placed into a surgically unroofed frontal sinus and into a contralateral parietal trephine hole in a group of 32 cats. Two cats in each group succumbed to anesthesia, leaving two sets of 30 cats. During the entire follow-up period there was only one other death, with no evidence of wound infection, wound dehiscence, implant rejection, or cerebral dysfunction among the survivors. The cats in each group were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 12 months after operation. Following sacrifice, both the frontal and parietal defects were exposed and examined visually, histologically, and with histomorphometric analysis for new bone formation. New bone formation was present as early as 1 month after operation and continued to increase during the 12 months of the study. Based upon these osteogenic qualities, the ease of shaping the composite, and the lack of infection in the frontal sinus region, it is concluded that this substance could be a valuable new material for human cranioplasty.

scholarly journals Effect of Tricalcium Phosphate on New Bone Formation : An Experimental Study in Beagles

1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur ICTEN ◽  
Ömer GÜNHAN ◽  
Asriye MOCAN ◽  
Bulent CELASUN
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
New Bone Formation

Evaluation of Gamma Irradiated Human Bone in Nude Rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 288-289 ◽  
pp. 269-272
Author(s):  
Y. Yu ◽  
Jin Biao Chen ◽  
J.L. Yang ◽  
D.A.F. Morgan ◽  
W.R. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Nude Rats ◽  
Defect Area ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Gamma Irradiated

Deep-frozen morselized human bone grafts showed osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity when implanted into tibial window defects of nude rats. The osteoconductivity was assessed by measuring the total area of newly formed bone bridged by the implanted bone grafts in the entire defect area. The osteoinductivity was evidenced by the presence of active osteoblast-like cells and new bone formation around the implanted bone grafts, which were surrounded by soft tissues distant from the host cortex. Gamma irradiation at the doses of 15 or 25 kGray reduced the osteoconductivity (ANOVA and LSD tests, p<0.05) at 3 weeks post operation. The 25 kGray group had a significantly lower level of new bone formation compared with the 0 and 15 kGray groups. The evidences of osteoinductivity were only noted in the 0 and 15 kGray groups. Our data indicate that 25 kGray gamma irradiation reduces the osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties of the morselized human bone graft.

Biological Reaction to Electrically Polarized Hydroxyapatite

2000 ◽  
Vol 662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Sakai ◽  
Masato Ueshima ◽  
Sadao Morita ◽  
Satoshi Nakamura ◽  
Kimihiro Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
In Vitro Experiment ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Biological Reaction ◽  
Positively Charged

AbstractWe have studied the polarized hydroxyapatite (HAp) whose surface was negatively or positively charged. In this study, we assessed the interfaces in vitro and in vivo periodically. As in vitro experiment, samples were immersed in simulated body fluid for 7 days and the surface was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). As in vivo experiments, cortical bone defects were created on the femoral trochanters and the condyles of the six Japanese white rabbits and the samples were implanted. The rabbits were sacrificed at 1, 2 and 4 W after the operation to analyze the surfaces by the SEM and the optical microscopy. In this study, a new thick apatite layer was formed on the negatively charged surface (N-surface) after 1week immersion in SBF in vitro. Besides, significant new bone formation was found at 2 weeks after the operation on N-surface in vivo, which was earlier than positively charged or non-polarized HAp surface. From this study negatively charged HAp surface by polarization accelerated the HAp crystal growth or the new bone formation. Thus, this N-surface will be promising for earlier fixation of the prosthesis or better recovery of the bone defect.

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