scholarly journals Improvement of 1,3-Butadiene Separation in 2,3-Butanediol Dehydration Using Extractive Distillation

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daesung Song ◽  
Young-Gak Yoon ◽  
Seung-Kwon Seo ◽  
Chul-Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Extractive Distillation ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Dehydration Process ◽  
Separation Systems ◽  
Distillation System

This study was performed to investigate the extractive distillation for 1,3-butadiene (1,3-BD) purification as a part of the 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) dehydration process. The separation of 1,3-BD from 1-butene produced as a 2,3-BDO dehydration by-product while using distillation is complicated due to the similar volatilities of the two compounds. Thus, an extractive distillation system is proposed for the effective recovery of 1,3-BD, and is compared with a conventional distillation system in terms of its performance and economic feasibility. A higher 1,3-BD recovery rate was achieved while using the proposed system and the relative profitabilities of both separation systems were analyzed according to the market price of 1,3-BD, which is a decisive variable for economic feasibility.

scholarly journals Removal of Basic Brown 16 from Aqueous Solution Using Durian Shell Adsorbent, Optimisation and Techno-Economic Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8928
Author(s):  
Yashni Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Adel Al-Gheethi ◽  
Marlinda Abdul Malek ◽  
Mawar Marisa Azlan ◽  
Mohammed Al-Sahari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Durio Zibethinus

Azo dyes including C. I. Basic Brown 16 (BB16) are one of the coloured organic compounds that have adverse effects on human health and the environment. The current work aims to optimise the adsorption of C.I BB16 in aqueous solution using durian (Durio zibethinus murray) shell as a low-cost green adsorbent. Durian shell was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption process was optimised with response surface methodology (RSM) based on pH (4–8), time (30–240 min), durian shell dosage (0.1–1.0 g/L) and initial concentration of C.I BB16 (10–20 ppm). The removal efficiency was determined based on the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the decolourisation of C.I BB16. The techno-economic analysis was described in the current work to know the economic feasibility of durian shells as an adsorbent. The SEM images showed that durian shell adsorbent has a smooth surface with no pores. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of -C-O, =C–H, C=C, -C-O-C and O-H bonds in durian shell. Maximum decolourisation (77.6%) and COD removal (80.6%) for C.I BB16 was achieved with the interaction between pH, time and adsorbent dose and initial concentration of C.I BB16. The optimal operating factors for adsorption of C.I BB16 recorded at pH 8, time (30 min), durian shell dosage (1 g/L) and 15 mg /L of C.I BB16 concentrations were 77.61 vs. 74.26 (%) of C.I BB16 removal and 80.60 vs. 78.72 (%) of COD removal with an R2 coefficient of 0.94 at p < 0.05. The specific cost of durian shell coagulant production is USD 172.71 per ton which is lower than the market price of honeydew peels-activated carbon (HDP-AC) (USD 261.81) and the commercial market price of activated carbon which is USD 1000.00/tons. These findings indicated that the durian adsorbent provides alternative methods for treating hair dye wastewater. These findings indicated that durian shells have a high potential for the adsorption of C.I BB16 in aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Effect of ionic liquids as entrainers on the dynamic behavior of ethanol-water extractive columns

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelly Ramírez-Corona ◽  
Andrés Schramm-Flores ◽  
Sofía Reyes-Lombardo ◽  
Arturo Jiménez-Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Extractive Distillation ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Dehydration Process ◽  
Ethanol Dehydration ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
Industrial Implementation ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Azeotropic Mixtures ◽  
Product Stream

AbstractIonic liquids (ILs) have been recently considered as potential entrainers for extractive distillation. The use of ILs may affect the vapor-liquid properties to aid the separation of azeotropic mixtures. In particular, their effectiveness has been observed for ethanol dehydration, showing promising perspectives for their industrial implementation. However, there is still a lack of information about the effect of ILs on the system controllability. The objective of this work is to explore the dynamic implications of the use of two types of ionic liquids on the ethanol dehydration process. An equimolar feed mixture of ethanol and water was considered, and different IL concentrations were tested. The results show that changing the IL concentration affect the degree of stabilization of the product stream, even when smooth dynamic responses were in many cases observed.

scholarly journals Development and Techno-Economic Analysis of an Advanced Recycling Process for Photovoltaic Panels Enabling Polymer Separation and Recovery of Ag and Si

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6690
Author(s):  
Antonio Rubino ◽  
Giuseppe Granata ◽  
Emanuela Moscardini ◽  
Ludovica Baldassari ◽  
Pietro Altimari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Metallic Contacts ◽  
Polymer Separation

Photovoltaic panels were included in EU Directive as WEEE (Wastes of Electric and Electronic Equipment) requiring the implementation of dedicated collection schemes and end-of-life treatment ensuring targets in terms of recycling rate (80%) and recovery rate (85%). Photovoltaic panels are mainly made up of high-quality solar glass (70–90%), but also metals are present in the frames (Al), the cell (Si), and metallic contacts (Cu and Ag). According to the panel composition, about $72 per 100 kg of panels can be recovered by entirely recycling the panel metal content. The PhotoLife process for the treatment of end-of-life photovoltaic panels was demonstrated at pilot scale to recycle high value glass, Al and Cu scraps. A process upgrade is here reported allowing for polymer separation and Ag and Si recycling. By this advanced PhotoLife process, 82% recycling rate, 94% recovery rate, and 75% recoverable value were attained. Simulations demonstrated the economic feasibility of the process at processing capacity of 30,000 metric ton/y of end-of-life photovoltaic panels.

The Economic Feasibility of Poultry Litter Composting Facilities in Eastern West Virginia

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Fritsch ◽  
Alan R. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Cattle Feeding ◽  
Disposal Option ◽  
Litter Composting ◽  
Compost Facility

Centralized, off-farm compost facilities were evaluated as a disposal option for poultry litter. Disposal fees to growers were required to develop an economically feasible facility for a private investor. The potential for a compost facility to compete with current litter alternatives depends upon development of compost markets comparable to urban areas along with a depressed market price for litter. Given disposal fees and uncertainty associated with market development, further expansion of land application and cattle feeding disposal alternatives is recommended.

scholarly journals Optimal Sizing and Cost Minimization of Solar Photovoltaic Power System Considering Economical Perspectives and Net Metering Schemes

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 2713
Author(s):  
Abdul Rauf ◽  
Ali T. Al-Awami ◽  
Mahmoud Kassas ◽  
Muhammad Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Cost Minimization ◽  
Market Price ◽  
End Users ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Net Metering

In this paper, economic feasibility of installing small-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) system is studied at the residential and commercial buildings from an end-user perspective. Based on given scenarios, the best sizing methodology of solar PV system installation has been proposed focusing primarily on the minimum payback period under given (rooftop) area for solar PV installation by the customer. The strategy is demonstrated with the help of a case study using real-time monthly load profile data of residential as well as commercial load/customers and current market price for solar PVs and inverters. In addition, sensitivity analysis has also been carried out to examine the effectiveness of net metering scheme for fairly high participation from end users. Since Saudi Arabia’s Electricity and Co-generation Regulatory Authority (ECRA) has recently approved and published the net metering scheme for small-scale solar PV systems allowing end users to generate and export energy surplus to the utility grid, the proposed scheme has become vital and its practical significance is justified with figures and graphs obtained through computer simulations.

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