scholarly journals Recent Trends in Pretreatment of Food before Freeze-Drying

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1661
Author(s):  
Dariusz Dziki
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Osmotic Dehydration ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Food Powders ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Conventional Drying ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Recent Trends

Drying is among the most important processes and the most energy-consuming techniques in the food industry. Dried food has many applications and extended shelf life. Unlike the majority of conventional drying methods, lyophilization, also known as freeze-drying (FD), involves freezing the food, usually under low pressure, and removing water by ice sublimation. Freeze-dried materials are especially recommended for the production of spices, coffee, dried snacks from fruits and vegetables and food for military or space shuttles, as well as for the preparation of food powders and microencapsulation of food ingredients. Although the FD process allows obtaining dried products of the highest quality, it is very energy- and time consuming. Thus, different methods of pretreatment are used for not only accelerating the drying process but also retaining the physical properties and bioactive compounds in the lyophilized food. This article reviews the influence of various pretreatment methods such as size reduction, blanching, osmotic dehydration and application of pulsed electric field, high hydrostatic pressure or ultrasound on the physicochemical properties of freeze-dried food and drying rate.

Process for production of microencapsulated anthocyanin pigments from Rosa pimpinellifolia L. fruits: optimization of aqueous two-phase extraction, microencapsulation by spray and freeze-drying, and storage stability evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil İbrahim Odabaş ◽  
Ilkay Koca
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigments ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase Extraction

AbstractRosa pimpinellifolia L. fruits (RPF) are promising source of anthocyanin pigments. The objectives of this study were to optimization of the aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) process of anthocyanin from RPF and microencapsulation of anthocyanin-rich RPF extract. The optimal ATPE conditions were as follows: 0% HCl, 30% ethanol, 19% ammonium sulfate, and liquid to solid ratio 51.71, 97.71 min, and 30°C extraction temperature. Predicted anthocyanin yield at the optimum conditions was 1578.90 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside equivalent/100 g dry fruit. ATPE resulting in 1.80-fold increase in the purity of anthocyanins when compared to conventional solvent extraction (CSE). The composition of the anthocyanins were determined with HPLC-QTOF-MS. Freeze-drying and spray-drying methods were employed for the production of microencapsulated anthocyanin pigments. The half times of microencapsulated anthocyanins at 4, 25 and 37°C were determined as 12.16, 6.60 and 3.12 months for freeze-dried microcapsules, and 16.50, 9.24 and 4.29 months for spray-dried microcapsules, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Supplementation of Dried Bioflocs Produced by Freeze-Drying and Oven-Drying Methods on Water Quality, Growth Performance and Proximate Composition of Red Hybrid Tilapia

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Tarq Binalshikh-Abubkr ◽  
Marlia Mohd Hanafiah
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Oven Drying ◽  
Freeze Dried

Supplementation of dried bioflocs for red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) was examined during 57 days of feeding trials. Five experimental treatments; T1 (the control; without bioflocs), T2 (4% freeze-dried bioflocs), T3 (16% freeze-dried bioflocs), T4 (4% oven-dried bioflocs), and T5 (16% oven-dried bioflocs) were prepared to examine the water quality, growth performance and body composition of red hybrid tilapia. T2 and T4 treatments resulted in a higher growth rate and survival similar to the control, while T3 and T5 treatments showed the lowest values of growth performance among all treatments. T1 treatment showed the best quality of culture water followed by T2 and T4 treatments, while T3 treatment resulted in poor water quality followed by T5 treatment. Based on these results, the ratios of bioflocs (4% and 16%) had more effect on fish growth and water quality than the drying methods (freeze-drying and oven-drying). The ratio of 4% freeze-dried or oven-dried bioflocs provided higher growth rates and better water quality parameters similar to the control, while the ratio of 16% showed the worst growth performance and water quality in the present study. In addition, body compositions of tilapia fed 4% dried bioflocs showed better nutritional value than tilapia fed 16% dried bioflocs. Protein and energy levels showed an increasing trend with decreasing supplement levels of bioflocs. Moisture content was significantly higher when supplementation of 16% bioflocs was used. Overall, supplementation of 4% freeze-dried or oven-dried bioflocs can be successively included in red hybrid tilapia diets without any effects on growth or body composition and can result in a good quality of culture water for red hybrid tilapia.

Effect of Drying on the Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Rubus lambertianus

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yu ◽  
Zijian Shangguan ◽  
Xingju Yang ◽  
Dan Sun ◽  
Baoqing Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Hot Air Drying ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Total Anthocyanins

AbstractDifferent drying methods, including hot air drying (HAD), freeze drying (FD), spray drying and vacuum drying (VD), were investigated to determine their influence on the chromatic coordinates, phenolics, anthocyanins and antioxidant activities of dried red raspberry (Rubus lambertianus). Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and catechin were found to be the main anthocyanin and non-anthocyanin phenolics, respectively, in fresh red raspberry. The most effective method for controlling browning was FD. The highest protective effects against bioactive compounds were observed in freeze-dried powders, when measuring the total anthocyanins, the scavenging of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and hydroxyl radicals and the inhibition effects on lard oxidation. HAD was effective for the preservation of total phenolics, while VD was useful for protecting catechin and procyanidin B1.

Dehydration and Rehydration of Cooked Mussels

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tribuzi ◽  
J. B. Laurindo
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Vacuum Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Sample Weight ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Drying Rates ◽  
Drying Curves ◽  
Water Holding

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate different drying methods (oven-drying, vacuum-drying, and freeze-drying) applied to cooked mussels meat and the resulting rehydration and water-holding capacity. Drying curves were obtained using an online weighting system that allows continuous monitoring of sample weight during processing. The influence of the processing temperature on the drying rates and on the properties of dehydrated samples was assessed. In the studied conditions, freeze-drying presented higher drying rates and less structure alterations compared to the other drying methods investigated. The equilibrium rehydration capacity of oven-dried and vacuum-dried mussels was about 37 % lower than rehydration capacity of freeze-dried samples for the rehydration performed at 20 °C and about 21 % lower for rehydration performed at 80 °C.

scholarly journals THE DIFFERENCE OF TENSILE STRENGTH AND YIELD FIBRINOGEN ON FIBRIN GLUE PREPARATIVE BY CRYOPRESIPITATE WITH AND WITHOUT FREEZE DRYING METHODS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Brilliant Margalin ◽  
S. P. Edijanto ◽  
Paulus B. Notopuro
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fibrin Glue ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fibrinogen Content

Fibrin glue is a useful biological product to stop bleeding, adhesive tissue and accelerate wound healing. Preparation of Fibrin Glue requires fibrinogen and thrombin components. The routine cryoprecipitation method performed at the Blood Bank can be used to improve the quality of the fibrinogen component. The Freeze Drying process can increase the retention time of plasma products at room temperature. Yield Fibrinogen and Tensile Strength is a quantitative and qualitative parameter of preparation quality of fibrin glue. This study focused on finding differences between Tensile Strength and Yield Fibrinogen on fibrin glue preparative by cryoprecipitate with and without freeze drying methods.This study is in vitro laboratory experiments design by comparing the Yield Fibrinogen and Tensile Strength of fibrin glue preparation from cryoprecipitic plasma with and without freeze dried process. The results were analyzed comparatively using paired T test.The plasma fibrinogen content of the sample was 237.66 ± 67.10 mg / dL. The fibrinogen content of the cryoprecipitate component without freeze drying process was 327.74 ± 103.42 mg / dL with a yield fibrinogen of 1.38 ± 0.25. The fibrinogen content of the cryoprecipitate component with freeze drying process was 251.20 ± 103.91 mg / dL with yield fibrinogen 1.04 ± 0.25. Tensile strength of fibrin glue from cryoprecipitate without freeze drying process was found to average 0.52 ± 0.18. Tensile strength of fibrin glue from cryoprecipitate with freeze drying process was found to average 0.33 ± 0.12. There was a significant difference between yield fibrinogen and tensile strength of fibrin glue preparation of cryoprecipitation method with and without freeze dried process.There is a significant difference on yields fibrinogen and tensile strength in the preparation of fibrin glue by the freeze drying process which is probably due to changes in the structure and function of fibrinogen proteins.

scholarly journals Effect of Freeze-drying and Oven-drying Methods on Flavonoids Content in two Romanian Grape Varieties

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-494
Author(s):  
Lacramioara Oprica ◽  
Radu Gheorghe Antohe ◽  
Andreea Verdes ◽  
Marius Nicusor Grigore
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Vacuum Oven ◽  
Oven Drying ◽  
North East ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Red Grape ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Fresh Skin

The aims of this work was to investigate the effect of thermal drying method (vacuum oven drying), and nonthermal drying method (freeze drying) on the flavonoids content in two red grape varieties (Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot) from different grape components (seed, skin, and pulp) collected from two experimental fields, Bucium and Copou (North East of Romania). In general, the fresh skin of Cabernet and Merlot varieties has the highest flavonoids content followed by those obtained by oven-drying and freeze-drying process. A similar situation was observed in the other component of grape varieties like pulp and seeds meaning in the way that the flavonoid content in oven-dried samples were higher than that in the freeze-dried samples. In addition, from both varieties, Merlot collected from Bucium presented the highest content compared with Cabernet.

scholarly journals Effects of Vacuum Freeze-Drying and Vacuum Spray-Drying on Biochemical Properties and Functionalities of Myofibrillar Proteins from Silver Carp

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jianzhen Niu ◽  
Binfan Zhao ◽  
Xiujin Guo ◽  
Tao Yin
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Myofibrillar Proteins ◽  
Fish Protein ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Spray Dried

Fish protein powders were produced from silver carp myofibrillar proteins using vacuum freeze-drying and vacuum spray-drying. Biochemical properties and functionalities of freeze-dried and spray-dried powders were determined. The myofibrillar proteins were partially denatured under both the drying methods which were evidenced by the increase of free sulfhydryl content, surface hydrophobicity, and intrinsic fluorescence while the decrease of the Ca2+-ATPase activity and percentage of the α-helical structure. With respect to vacuum freeze-drying, the proteins were denatured to a higher degree by vacuum spray-drying. The spray-dried fish protein powder showed a higher water retention capacity and emulsifying stability index, but the same solubility and emulsifying activity index. The micrographs indicate that vacuum freeze-dried powder formed a spongy structure, while the powder under vacuum spray-drying mostly appeared spherical in shape with hollow inside. Thus, the two drying methods can be used to manufacture fish protein powders with varied molecular structures and functionalities.

scholarly journals Optimization of Spray-Drying Process of Jerusalem artichoke Extract for Inulin Production

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1674
Author(s):  
Zhenzhou Zhu ◽  
Mailing Wu ◽  
Jie Cai ◽  
Shuyi Li ◽  
Krystian Marszałek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Spray Dried

Jerusalem artichoke is an important natural matrix for inulin production. In this experiment, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the spray-drying parameters in order to determine the maximal inulin yield. For this study, three independent variables (heating temperature (Tª, 110–120 °C), creep speed (V, 18–22 rpm) and pressure (P, 0.02–0.04 MPa)) were used in the experimental design. Using the Box–Behnken design, the optimal parameters obtained were: drying temperature 114.6 °C, creep speed 20.02 rpm, and pressure: 0.03 MPa. The inulin yield, water content and particle size of inulin obtained by spray-drying and freeze-drying were compared. In this regard, the spray-dried inulin consisted of a white powder having a fine particle size, and the freeze-dried inulin had a pale-yellow fluffy floc. On the other hand, the drying methods had a great influence on the appearance and internal structure of inulin powder, since the spray-dried inulin had a complete and uniform shape and size, whereas the freeze-dried inulin had a flocculated sheet structure. The analysis showed that the spray-drying led to a higher inulin yield, lower water content and better surface structure than freeze-drying.

scholarly journals Proximate Chemical Composition of Dried Shrimp and Tilapia Waste Bioflocs Produced by Two Drying Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Tarq Binalshikh-Abubkr ◽  
Marlia M. Hanafiah ◽  
Simon Kumar Das
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Shrimp Waste ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Nutrient Value ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Proximate Chemical Composition

The effects of two waste sources, red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) and whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), and two drying methods (freeze-drying and oven-drying) on the proximate chemical composition of bioflocs were investigated. In total, four kinds of experimentally treated bioflocs were compared to identify the best waste source and drying method to produce biofloc of an acceptable nutrient value: freeze-dried shrimp biofloc (FDSBF), oven-dried shrimp biofloc (ODSBF), freeze-dried tilapia biofloc (FDTBF), and oven-dried tilapia biofloc (ODTBF). The protein, lipid, ash, fiber, total nitrogen free extract (NFE), and energy contents of the dried bioflocs ranged from 12.12 to 24.09 g/100 g, 0.35 to 0.92 g/100 g, 42.45 to 61.01 g/100 g, 7.43 to 17.11 g/100 g, 16.45 to 18.59 g/100 g, and 0.99 to 1.94 Kcal g−1, respectively. Statistically, there were significant differences within the means of the two biofloc sources in terms of their proximate compositions (p < 0.05). The average values between the drying methods for protein, lipid, total NFE, and energy were also significantly different, while no significant differences (p > 0.05) were recorded for ash and fiber. Amino acids (AAs) were higher in FDTBF, followed by ODTBF. The mineral profiles showed that phosphorous, potassium, manganese, selenium, and copper were higher in the tilapia waste bioflocs, while calcium, zinc, iron, copper, chromium, and cobalt were higher in the shrimp waste bioflocs. Although the statistical analysis showed that the shrimp waste bioflocs had higher levels of lipid, fiber, total NFE, and minerals, the tilapia waste bioflocs contained higher levels of potential AAs, energy, and protein, which are regarded as expensive ingredients in aquaculture feeding. This study indicates that biofloc derived from tilapia waste can be regarded as a more suitable source of biofloc meal (in terms of protein, ash, energy, and AAs) than biofloc derived from shrimp waste. Our findings also suggest that freeze-drying is a more effective drying method for drying biofloc, as it efficiently maintains nutritional quality.

scholarly journals Freeze-drying techniques for preserving aphids (Homoptera, Aphidodea)

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Albrecht
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Vacuum Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Drying Techniques ◽  
Wax Coating ◽  
And Storage

Techniques for collection, preparation and storage of freeze-dried aphid samples, including galls, are described. Freeze-drying can be done with the aid of a home freezer, a drying agent, and suitable containers alone, but drying time can be reduced considerably with cheap and simple vacuum drying equipment. Freeze-drying methods have several advantages compared with traditional mounting techniques. Body shape, colours, wax coating and microsculpture are excellently preserved. The labour required per sample, for preparation as well as for identification, is reduced to a minimum, and complete colony samples can be stored as entities. Aspects of practical handling and study of freeze-dried aphid samples are discussed.

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