Pretreatment of Switchgrass for Production of Glucose via Sulfonic Acid-Impregnated Activated Carbon

In the present research, activated carbon-supported sulfonic acid catalysts were synthesized and tested as pretreatment agents for the conversion of switchgrass into glucose. The catalysts were synthesized by reacting sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid with activated carbon. The characterization of catalysts suggested an increase in surface acidities, while surface area and pore volumes decreased because of sulfonation. Batch experiments were performed in 125 mL serum bottles to investigate the effects of temperature (30, 60, and 90 °C), reaction time (90 and 120 min) on the yields of glucose. Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated switchgrass using Ctec2 yielded up to 57.13% glucose. Durability tests indicated that sulfonic solid-impregnated carbon catalysts were able to maintain activity even after three cycles. From the results obtained, the solid acid catalysts appear to serve as effective pretreatment agents and can potentially reduce the use of conventional liquid acids and bases in biomass-into-biofuel production.

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Mesoporous activated carbon from sunflower shells modified with sulfonic acid groups as solid acid catalyst for itaconic acid esterification

Catalysis Today ◽

10.1016/j.cattod.2020.12.011 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

John J. Alvear-Daza ◽

Gustavo A. Pasquale ◽

Julián A. Rengifo-Herrera ◽

Gustavo P. Romanelli ◽

Luis R. Pizzio

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Itaconic Acid ◽

Sulfonic Acid ◽

Solid Acid ◽

Solid Acid Catalyst ◽

Acid Catalyst ◽

Mesoporous Activated Carbon ◽

Acid Esterification ◽

Sulfonic Acid Groups

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ChemInform Abstract: Hydrolysis of Oligosaccharides over Solid Acid Catalysts: A Review

ChemInform ◽

10.1002/chin.201424261 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (24) ◽

pp. no-no

Author(s):

Lea Vilcocq ◽

Paula C. Castilho ◽

Florbela Carvalheiro ◽

Luis C. Duarte

Keyword(s):

Solid Acid ◽

Solid Acid Catalysts ◽

Acid Catalysts ◽

Hydrolysis Of

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Influence of solid–acid catalysts on steam reforming and hydrolysis of dimethyl ether for hydrogen production

Applied Catalysis A General ◽

10.1016/j.apcata.2006.02.021 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 304 ◽

pp. 40-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 86

Author(s):

Kajornsak Faungnawakij ◽

Yohei Tanaka ◽

Naohiro Shimoda ◽

Tetsuya Fukunaga ◽

Shunichiro Kawashima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Dimethyl Ether ◽

Steam Reforming ◽

Solid Acid ◽

Solid Acid Catalysts ◽

Acid Catalysts ◽

Hydrolysis Of

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Acidity Characterization of Solid Acid Catalysts by Solid-State 31P NMR of Adsorbed Phosphorus-Containing Probe Molecules

Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-800185-1.00002-4 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 47-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Anmin Zheng ◽

Feng Deng ◽

Shang-Bin Liu

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

31P Nmr ◽

Solid Acid ◽

Solid Acid Catalysts ◽

Acid Catalysts ◽

Probe Molecules ◽

Phosphorus Containing

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Preparation and Characterization of Sulfonated Carbon from Candlenut Shell as Catalyst for Hydrolysis of Cogon Grass Cellulose into Glucose

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2020.22613 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 1404-1408

Author(s):

Taslim ◽

Dian Halimah Batubara ◽

Seri Maulina ◽

Iriany ◽

Okta Bani

Keyword(s):

Solid Acid ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Solid Acid Catalyst ◽

Acid Catalyst ◽

Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽

Imperata Cylindrica ◽

Hydrolysis Process ◽

Catalyst Production ◽

Hydrolysis Of

Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica) is convertible into glucose by hydrolysis process, which usually requires a catalyst. A solid acid catalyst of sulfonated carbon was used in this work. This study aimed to observe the viability of candlenut shell as carbonaceous source in solid acid catalyst production and to characterize the sulfonated carbon. The carbonization was performed at 250-550 ºC for 4 h, while sulfonation was carried out at 100-180 ºC for 6 h. Sulfonated carbon was then characterized by H+ activity/acid density test, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Sulfonated carbon was then tested as a heterogeneous catalyst for hydrolysis reaction. The reaction was performed in a stainless steel batch reactor at 100 ºC for 6 h. Glucose formed by hydrolysis was measured by dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. Results of this study suggested that sulfonated carbon derived from candlenut shell may be used as a catalyst for cogon grass cellulose hydrolysis to produce glucose

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Sulfonic acid-functionalized core-shell Fe3O4@carbon microspheres as magnetically recyclable solid acid catalysts

Chinese Chemical Letters ◽

10.1016/j.cclet.2020.11.027 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chenyi Yuan ◽

Xiqing Wang ◽

Xuanyu Yang ◽

Abdulaziz A. Alghamdi ◽

Fahad A. Alharthi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sulfonic Acid ◽

Solid Acid ◽

Solid Acid Catalysts ◽

Core Shell ◽

Acid Catalysts ◽

Carbon Microspheres

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Sulfonic-acid-functionalized carbon fiber from waste newspaper as a recyclable carbon based solid acid catalyst for the hydrolysis of cellulose

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c9ra04568f ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (50) ◽

pp. 28902-28907 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Runming Gong ◽

Zihao Ma ◽

Xing Wang ◽

Ying Han ◽

Yanzhu Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Fiber ◽

Sulfonic Acid ◽

Solid Acid ◽

Solid Acid Catalyst ◽

Acid Catalyst ◽

Cellulosic Materials ◽

Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Carbon Based

Waste newspaper is one of the most common cellulosic materials.

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Preparation and Characterization of Supported H3PW12O40 and Supported Cesium-Substituted Dodecatungstophosphate

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.509.321 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 509 ◽

pp. 321-327 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zi Li Liu ◽

Cui Xia Xu ◽

Qian Wen Dai ◽

Chao Xiang ◽

Jian Jie Zhang

Keyword(s):

Solid Acid ◽

Solid Acid Catalysts ◽

Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽

Acid Catalysts ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Highly Dispersed ◽

Probe Experiment ◽

Ft Ir

Supported H3PW12O40 (HPW) and supported Cesium-Substituted dodecatungsto-phosphate are eco-friendly solid acid catalysts. A series of different loading H3PW12O40/SiO2 and HPW/diatomite were prepared by a typical incipient wetness impregnation of methanol, meanwhile SiO2 and diatomite supported Cs-salt catalysts were prepared via two-step impregnating method. The catalysts were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results indicate that the Keggin structure of HPW is intact in the SiO2-supported HPW and SiO2-supported CsHPW. HPW and CsHPW are highly dispersed in the SiO2 at the low loading, while the loading is more than 40% the catalyst grains increase and gather on the surface of the carrier. What's more, diatomite is not a suitable support. HPW and CsHPW have better distribution in the SiO2 than in the diatomite. The activity of catalyst was tested in probe experiment of the alkylation of thiopene (TH) with 1-hexene.

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