scholarly journals Risk Assessment and Material Suitability Evaluation on Static Equipment of Hydrofluoric Acid Alkylation Unit

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1464
Author(s):  
Weihua Wang ◽  
Duhui Lu ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Lin Liang
Keyword(s):  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Acid Alkylation ◽  
Valve Body ◽  
Suitability Evaluation ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Equipment Corrosion ◽  
Refinery Plant

In 2005, a 60 kt/a alkylation (ALK) unit began to resume production in the Second Oil Refinery Plant of Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Company. There have been many leak cases from pipeline welds, valve body, flange, etc. After a half-year period of operation, production process is stable. However, the operation of the hydrofluoric (HF) acid ALK unit has been suffered from corrosion problems. There are no clear answers and references to the following problems. What types of corrosion are currently in the main equipment for HF acid ALK unit? What does cause equipment corrosion? What are the main influencing factors for corrosion? What measures can be taken to reduce the corrosion of HF acid? In this paper, considering the acid-related conditions of the ALK unit, the damage mechanism and damage rate analysis were carried out to calculate the safety risk of the static equipment of the ALK unit. Based on the damage mechanism and failure history, the material suitability of the ALK unit was investigated. The anti-corrosion measures and recommended materials for important corrosion parts of the ALK unit were proposed. It is meaningful for reducing the number of shutdowns of ALK units and maintaining safe and stable operation of the unit.

scholarly journals Various risks and safety analysis to reduce fire in oil refinery plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 1078 (1) ◽  
pp. 012028
Author(s):  
Md Zahangir Alam ◽  
Md Nazmus Sakib ◽  
Minarul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Jalal Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Safety Analysis ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Refinery Plant

scholarly journals Production of glycolipid biosurfactant during crude oil degradation by the novel indigenous isolated Achromobacter kerstersii LMG3441

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 2134-2147
Author(s):  
Somayeh Kazemzadeh ◽  
Nafiseh Sadat Naghavi ◽  
Zarrindokht Emami-Karvani ◽  
Giti Emtiazi ◽  
Masoud Fouladgar
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Glycolipid Biosurfactant ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
High Resolution Gas Chromatography ◽  
Refinery Plant

Abstract This study aimed to find biosurfactant producing and crude oil-degrading bacteria able to decontaminate crude oil from wastewater. The bacteria that were isolated from contaminated sites in an oil refinery plant in Isfahan, Iran, were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as Achromobacter kerstersii strain LMG3441, Klebsiella pneumonia strain SKBA6, and Klebsiella variicola strain SKV2. According to the results obtained from different tests for the production of biosurfactant among three strains, only Achromobacter kerstersii strain LMG3441 was selected for further study. The pattern of residual hydrocarbons was analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This novel and indigenous strain was capable of producing the highest amount of a glycolipid biosurfactant (7.81 g/L) in MSM (mineral salt medium) with 1% (v/v) crude oil as the only source of carbon and energy. The compound showed high surface activation capacity with reduction of surface tension from 40 mN m–1 in the control to 23.3 mN m–1 by the bacterium. The results of GC-MS for assessment of residual hydrocarbons in the MSM and comparison with crude oil as a control showed that 53% of the hydrocarbons in the crude oil were consumed by this novel strain.

Multiple Tank Explosions in an Edible-Oil Refinery Plant: A Case Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1131-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Marmo ◽  
N. Piccinini ◽  
G. Russo ◽  
P. Russo ◽  
L. Munaro
Keyword(s):  
Edible Oil ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Refinery Plant

Cancer morbidity of residents living near an oil refinery plant in North-West Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Salerno ◽  
Paola Berchialla ◽  
Lucio Antonio Palin ◽  
Kris Vanhaecht ◽  
Massimiliano Panella
Keyword(s):  
Oil Refinery ◽  
North West ◽  
Cancer Morbidity ◽  
Refinery Plant

scholarly journals Assessing of Oil Refinery Plant Residues on Soil Contamination in Kasnazan District – Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Ismaeel T. Ahmed ◽  
Darseem B. Ismael
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Refinery Plant ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Mn Concentration

This investigation conducted on April 01, 2015, of the different locations surrounding oil refinery factories near the Kasnazan district on Sulaimani road (Latitude 36.211N, Longitude 44.157E), to assess the effects of oil refinery factory residues on soil contamination. Soil samples were collected towards (E and W) from the contamination source, with various distances (0.5, 1, and 1.5 m) and different depths (0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm) consequently. The concentrations of heavy metals such as chromium, iron, manganese, nickel, and zinc were sequentially extracted and measured using portable X-ray fluorescence at the soil and water department laboratories. The heavy metals concentration of the soil samples was significantly affected by both factors (distances and depths). Fe had the highest concentration value as ranged from 486.0 to 520.2 mg/kg with a mean (502.9 mg/kg), while Cr and Zn had the lowest concentration value, Cr ranged from 0.0 to 9.33 mg/kg with a mean (3.22 mg/kg) and Zn ranged from 0.0 to 1.9 mg/kg with a mean (1.43 mg/kg). Mn concentration ranged from 9.6 to 13 mg/kg with a mean (11.55 mg/kg) and Ni concentration ranged from 4.3 to 10.03 mg/kg with a mean (7.40 mg/kg). The geoaccumulation index values of most samples located under the class (1) uncontaminated to moderate index.

scholarly journals Treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater by physicochemical methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01042
Author(s):  
Svetlana Zueva ◽  
Valentina Corradini ◽  
Elena Ruduka ◽  
Francesco Veglio
Keyword(s):  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Refinery Wastewater ◽  
Petroleum Refinery Wastewater ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Physicochemical Methods ◽  
Refinery Plant ◽  
Total Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Wastewater ◽  
Positively Charged ◽  
Oil Refinery Wastewater

The main objective of this work was to improve the technological scheme of oil refinery wastewater treatment. Replacment of the expensive filter section in a refinery plant by coagulation in order to increase effectiveness of the process at lower cost was investigated. This research has proven that Ca(OH)2 and Al2(SO4)3 were effective in treatment of oil wastewater. Central Composite Design was applied to two factors, the Al2(SO4)3 dosage and pH. Under optimum conditions effect of removal of Turbidity did reach 100 %, Total hydrocarbons 90 % and COD 70 %. Concentration of Total hydrocarbons in wastewater after treatment were below Limits for sewerage. Prevailing mechanism for coagulation was charge neutralization, associated with deposition of positively charged aluminum hydroxide onto negatively charged particles. Applying of cogulation will let significantly reduce operating expenses up to 5,436.35 €/year, at the same efficiency, due to replacing expensive filtration processes with cost of 102,600.00 €/year.

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