scholarly journals Characterising Radioactive Caesium Leaching from Incineration Ash of Municipal Solid Waste in Fukushima and the Inhibitory Effect of Acid Clay

Recycling ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Naoharu Murasawa
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Tohoku Earthquake ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake ◽  
Fukushima Prefecture ◽  
Msw Incineration

Following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident caused by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, radioactive caesium (r-Cs) was detected in the ash generated by municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration facilities in Fukushima Prefecture. This has led to concerns of r-Cs leaching and subsequent environmental contamination during recycling or landfill disposal. Therefore, it is crucial that the relevant authorities have a thorough understanding of r-Cs leaching behavior to establish suitable prevention methods. In this study, we collected r-Cs-contaminated fly and bottom ash (FA and BA) samples from five MSW incineration facilities in Fukushima Prefecture and conducted tests to clarify their basic physical properties and r-Cs leaching properties. We also examined the possibility of preventing r-Cs leaching by adding 5 wt% acid clay to the FA. FA had greater chloride content and r-Cs leaching rate than BA and was found to absorb moisture and deliquesce when stored under high-humidity conditions. However, the addition of acid clay effectively prevented r-Cs leaching upon contact with moisture. From the results, we propose some specific recommendations to counter the leaching of r-Cs from FA at MSW incineration facilities, which will limit r-Cs leaching during recycling or landfill processes.

scholarly journals Use of Clay Minerals to Control Radioactive Cesium Leaching from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Ash in Fukushima Prefecture in Summer and Winter

Pollutants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-269
Author(s):  
Naoharu Murasawa ◽  
Tamao Hatta
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Radioactive Cesium ◽  
Msw Incineration ◽  
Direct Addition

Radioactive cesium (r-Cs) released from the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant attaches to vegetation/soil and is collected as municipal solid waste (MSW) for incineration, being concentrated in incineration ash (bottom ash [BA], fly ash [FA], and chelate-treated FA [TFA]). r-Cs in FA and TFA can easily leach upon contact with moisture. It is important to prevent further contamination, as r-Cs has negative effects on ecosystems and the human body. Naturally available clay minerals, considered effective for capturing r-Cs, are a good alternative. Here, we sampled ash from MSW incineration facilities in Fukushima in August 2016 and February 2017. We used energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and Ge semiconductor detector to determine elemental composition and r-Cs concentration in the samples and conducted leaching tests. We also determined the extent of leaching suppression by zeolite, acidic clay, and vermiculite. Chloride contents and r-Cs leaching rates were higher in FA and TFA than in BA, regardless of the season. Prior direct addition and mixing of clay minerals (5 to 20 wt.%) effectively prevented r-Cs leaching. This study is the first to examine r-Cs leaching inhibition by clay mineral direct addition and mixing to MSW incineration ash.

Characteristics of inorganic matter from Australian municipal solid waste processed under combustion and gasification conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2096665
Author(s):  
Alexander Ilyushechkin ◽  
Chong He ◽  
San Shwe Hla
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Msw Incineration ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
Thermochemical Processes

The presence and composition of ash in solid waste streams produced by the thermochemical processes can affect the further disposal or use of the waste. This study characterised the chemical species, mineralogy and trace element mobilisation in laboratory-produced ashes arising from different municipal solid waste (MSW) streams processed under reducing and oxidising atmospheres. The composition of cumulative ash samples produced under oxidising conditions was very similar to the composition of the industrial bottom ash samples produced during MSW incineration. We identified differences in mineral phase compositions and in some trace element concentrations of ashes produced under combustion and gasification conditions. Differences in concentrations of boron, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, chlorine, molybdenum, antimony, lead, thorium and zinc in ashes associated with different MSW streams were also observed. On the basis of the concentrations of trace elements in ashes, we evaluated each MSW stream in terms of potential management strategies and use of the mineral matter remaining after combustion and gasification. Most of ashes produced from MSW can be at least classified as Class IV (secure) waste according to an Australian standard regulation guideline.

Effect of MSW Incineration Bottom Ash in Clay Based Ceramics

2008 ◽  
Vol 569 ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supawan Kasuriya ◽  
Sirithan Jiemsirilers ◽  
Parjaree Thavorniti
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Waste Incinerator ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator ◽  
Msw Incineration ◽  
Solid Waste Incinerator

The clay-based ceramic was produced by adding with the bottom ash from domestic municipal solid waste incinerator plant in Thailand. The amount of the ash up to 60 wt% was added. The samples were dry pressed and sintered at the temperature range between 1000 and 1125°C. The presence of quartz (SiO2), anorthite sodian (Ca,Na)(Si,Al)4O8, albite (Na(Si3Al)O8) and mullite (Al6Si2O13) was observed in the sample with the addition of the bottom ash. The physical and mechanical properties were also presented. The sintering temperature and the ash addition revealed the effect on the properties of the product.

The fate of heavy metals and salts during the wet treatment of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Yanjun Hu ◽  
Lingqin Zhao ◽  
Yonghao Zhu ◽  
Bennong Zhang ◽  
Guixiang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration

scholarly journals Ternary Mixes of Self-Compacting Concrete with Fly Ash and Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
B. Simões ◽  
P. R. da Silva ◽  
R. V. Silva ◽  
Y. Avila ◽  
J. A. Forero
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Chloride Diffusion ◽  
Waste Incinerator ◽  
Chloride Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Solid Waste Incinerator

This study aims to evaluate the potential of incorporating fly ash (FA) and municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash (MIBA) as a partial substitute of cement in the production of self-compacting concrete mixes through an experimental campaign in which four replacement levels (i.e., 10% FA + 20% MIBA, 20% FA + 10% MIBA, 20% FA + 40% MIBA and 40% FA + 20% MIBA, apart from the reference concrete) were considered. Compressive and tensile strengths, Young’s modulus, ultra-sonic pulse velocity, shrinkage, water absorption by immersion, chloride diffusion coefficient and electrical resistivity were evaluated for all concrete mixes. The results showed a considerable decline in both mechanical and durability-related performances of self-compacting concrete with 60% of substitution by MIBA mainly due to the aluminium corrosion chemical reaction. However, workability properties were not significantly affected, exhibiting values similar to those of the control mix.

Determination of Residual Heavy Metals in an Incinerator Bottom Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Power Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 901 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Woravith Chansuvarn
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Digestion Technique ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Copper Zinc

Bottom ash is a part of by-product from the municipal solid waste power plants which is always a wider problem for the urban and rural communities due to its disposal plants may cause serious environmental pollution. This work was focused on the residual heavy metal in an incinerator bottom ash from the municipal waste power plant placed in Nongkham district, Bangkok. Four bottom ash samples were obtained in 2017. After drying and grounding, the bottom ash samples were prepared to clear solution with the microwave digestion technique using nitric, hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid under the heating program. The total residual heavy metals in the incinerator bottom ashes, such as lead, copper, zinc, and cadmium were determined by using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS) with deuterium background correction. The total concentration of lead, copper, zinc and cadmium were found in the range of 280.40-354.22mg kg-1, 365.35-524.45 mg kg-1, 1,527.25-2,074.34 mg kg-1, and 0.48-1.02 mg kg-1, respectively. The recovery of all metals was found in the range of 89.4-101.2% and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was to be 2.15-3.55 % (n=7). The concentration of zinc, copper, and lead was found high levels, while cadmium was low concentration. Heavy metals in solid waste material occur in different chemical forms and phases. The sample preparation based on the microwave digestion was successfully developed for the waste samples with a good reliability.

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