scholarly journals Predictors of Self-Reported Growth Following Religious and Spiritual Struggles: Exploring the Role of Wholeness

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Allison C. Hart ◽  
Kenneth I. Pargament ◽  
Joshua B. Grubbs ◽  
Julie J. Exline ◽  
Joshua A. Wilt
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Collaborative Problem Solving ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Spiritual Struggles ◽  
Using Data

Religious and spiritual (r/s) struggles have been robustly linked to negative outcomes, such as greater psychological distress, reduced well-being, and difficulty finding meaning in life. R/s struggles, however, do not inevitably lead to decline. Many people report post-traumatic and spiritual growth through their r/s struggles, even though correlational studies linking r/s struggles to perceptions of growth have produced mixed results. How do we make sense of this overall pattern of findings? Perhaps growth following r/s struggles occurs under certain conditions. Prior conceptual work by Pargament suggests that specific aspects of one’s orienting system (i.e., the confluence of r/s, dispositional, and psychosocial factors which help guide people in their search for significance and purpose) may play a pivotal role in predicting growth or decline in the wake of an r/s struggle. In the present empirical study, we expected to find that among r/s strugglers, those with orienting systems marked by greater wholeness would be more likely to report growth and less decline. Four dimensions of greater wholeness (purposiveness, breadth and depth, life affirmation, cohesiveness) were measured by the presence of meaning in one’s life, self-control, universality, optimism, compassion, openness to change while tolerating doubt, and a collaborative problem-solving relationship with God. We tested these hypotheses using data from a cross-sectional study (N = 1162) of undergraduates at three universities. Results generally supported our hypotheses, with a few exceptions. Greater wholeness was associated with reports of more growth and less decline after an r/s struggle.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Psychological Health Issues in Diploma Nursing Students: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Li Kai
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vocational Nursing Students

Psychological health is the expression of harmonic expression of harmonic expression of human’s personality and is often disrupted by multiple factors. The aim of this study to assess psychological health status and its associated factors among diploma nursing students. A cross-sectional study design was employed. The sample comprised 542 nursing students attending this anonymous survey by completed The Symptom Checklist 90 questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were attempted to analyze overall data. The positive rate of psychological symptoms of diploma nursing students is 20.9%; the total score of SCL-90 and the scores of each factor are higher than the national norm; grade, personality, number of friends, parenting style, love experience, whether it is an only child, and physical exercise are influential. The main factors of the mental health status of secondary vocational nursing students. The contribution of Emotional Intelligence and Spirituality is crucial to the acquisition of well-being, happiness and meaning in life.

scholarly journals Positive Psychology in Times of Pandemic—Time Perspective as a Moderator of the Relationship between Resilience and Meaning in Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13340
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Lasota ◽  
Justyna Mróz
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Therapeutic Services ◽  
The Relationship

Resilience and meaning in life are significant indicators of psychological well-being and health, which are particularly important in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, they have been explored by a growing number of scientists. There has been a research gap, however, that fails to show that time perspectives also have a significant impact on the perception and building of different life aspects. The current study investigated the associations between resilience, time perspectives and meaning in life and examined the moderating role of time perspective in the relationship between resilience and meaning in life. Methods: Participants of this cross-sectional study were 363 adults aged 18-70. Resilience Measurement Scale (SPP-25), the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI), and the Purpose in Life Questionnaire (PIL) were used. Results: The findings confirmed a positive relationship between resilience, meaning in life, and positive time perspectives (Present Hedonistic and Future) and a negative link with Past Negative and Present Fatalistic perspectives. The linear regression analyses showed that Past Negative and Past Positive perspectives significantly moderated the relationship between resilience and meaning in life. The moderating effect was also confirmed in the case of past time perspectives only. Conclusions: The findings indicate the relevance of positive resources, such as resilience and positive perception of the past, in keeping the meaning in life. Understanding the effect of psychological strengths in the context of the pandemic time can be a key to providing intervention and therapeutic services fostering mental health and well-being.

scholarly journals Association Between Personal Values in Adolescence and Subjective Well-Being and Subjective Health Status in Adulthood: A Cross-Sectional Study with Retrospective Recall

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mako Iida ◽  
Kazuhiro Watanabe ◽  
Naonori Yasuma ◽  
Daisuke Nishi ◽  
Norito Kawakami
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Backgrounds: Subjective well-being and subjective health status are significant indicators of healthy lives, and might be influenced by personal values shaped in adolescence. However, there are no studies that have examined the association between personal values in adolescence and subjective well-being in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to investigate this association in a large community adult sample in Japan. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective recall, using data from a Japanese study on stratification, health, income, and neighborhood (J-SHINE) survey. We used data for demographic variables and outcome variables (i.e., meaning in life, life satisfaction, and subjective health status) in a Wave 1 survey, and data regarding personal values (i.e., value priorities based on Schwartz’s theory of basic values and commitment to values) at the age of 15 in a Wave 3 survey. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between personal values at the age of 15 and meaning in life, life satisfaction, and subjective health status in adulthood. Results: A total of 2,413 adults from the J-SHINE sample were included in the analysis. The adolescent values of “having influence on society,” “actively challenging,” “having and keeping a belief,” “exploring what you were interested in,” “graduating from a famous school,” and commitment to values were positively and significantly associated, while “being evaluated by others” in adolescence was negatively associated with meaning in life in adulthood. At the same time, commitment to values in adolescence was positively and significantly associated with life satisfaction in adulthood. With subjective health status in adulthood, the adolescent value of “graduating from a famous school” had a positive and significant correlation, while “maintain a stable life” had a negative and significant association. Conclusions: Personal values related to openness to change and self-enhancement, and commitment to values in adolescence might be associated with better subjective well-being and subjective health status in adulthood. The findings could be useful for programs that invest in adolescence, which can bring many benefits to adulthood.

scholarly journals Tumor patients’ fears and worries and perceived changes of specific attitudes, perceptions and behaviors due to the COVID-19 pandemic are still relevant

2021 ◽  
Vol 147 (6) ◽  
pp. 1673-1683
Author(s):  
Arndt Büssing ◽  
Daniela Rodrigues Recchia ◽  
Jutta Hübner ◽  
Stefanie Walter ◽  
Judith Büntzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Complicated Course ◽  
Time Periods

Abstract Objective During the COVID-19 pandemic, tumor patients not only perceived fears and worries but were experiencing also positive changes as the perception of nature and silence, moments of wondering awe, and more intense relationships. We intended to analyze whether these perceptions may differ between patients from waves 1 and 2 of the pandemic. Methods Cross-sectional study at two time periods (May to June, sample 1) and September to November 2020 (sample 2) with standardized questionnaires (i.e. WHO-5, MLQ, PCQ-12). Results Patients from sample 1 (n = 292) and sample 2 (n = 221) did not differ with respect to gender, age, partner or tumor status. Most are still “irritated by statements about danger and course of the infection” (58%) and are “worrying to be infected and to have complicated course of disease” (55%). Neither their well-being nor meaning in life nor fears and worries were significantly different. In sample 2 patients, Worrying reflections and loneliness scored significantly lower, while their Perception of nature and silence was lower in trend only; more intense relationships are still relevant. Moments of wondering awe and religious trust were perceived less often during wave 2. Particularly religious patients scored stronger for Perception of nature and silence and Worrying reflections and loneliness. Conclusion Oncologists/psychologist have to know that patients’ situation has not changed within the time of pandemic and that they still require information, close support and encouragement to rely on their resources to cope. Perceived changes are reflecting coping strategies that could be trained to increase patients’ resilience during further pandemic waves.

scholarly journals Psychological trauma in different mechanisms of traumatic injury: A hospital-based cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242849
Author(s):  
Tulika Mehta Agarwal ◽  
Mohammed Muneer ◽  
Mohammad Asim ◽  
Malaz Awad ◽  
Yousra Afzal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background Psychological distress following traumatic injury can influence the patient health, well-being and quality of life; however, this impact may partly vary according to the type and severity of injury. We aimed to study the predominant distress causing cluster and individual symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) at the clinical and subthreshold level in patients with traumatic injuries, based on the mechanism of injury (MOI). Methods A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted at a Level 1 Trauma Center utilizing PTSD Checklist to diagnose PTSD after one month of the traumatic event. All patients suffering from psychological distresses were assessed by a clinical psychologist in the trauma section. PTSD diagnostic criteria from DSM-5 were used to classify the patients. The inclusion criteria comprised of adult trauma patients who were directly involved in traumatic injuries and admitted under the Trauma Surgery services for a minimum of one day; have ability to provide written informed consent and can be assessed with the PCL-5 checklist after 4 weeks post-injury. Results Two hundred patients completed PCL-5 checklist, of them 26 (13.0%) were positive for PTSD and 174 (87%) had subthreshold scores. The mean age of participants was 34.4±11.8 years and males constituted 90.5%. Road traffic injury (RTI) was most the frequent injury mechanism (59%). PTSD positive patients with RTI, fall of heavy objects, pedestrian injury and assaults had highest average scores on clusters of negative alterations in mood and cognitions (16.9, 18.0, 18.5, 17.0 respectively), followed by hyperarousal. Symptom of always being on the guard and having repeated unwanted or disturbing memories of the incident, was reported by nearly 100% PTSD positive patients. Patients with subthreshold scores also reported distressing symptoms on all four clusters of PTSD. Conclusions Patients with different MOI showed a broad range of psychological problems with respect to symptom clusters. Negative alteration in mood and cognition followed by hyperarousal caused higher level of distress in patients post traumatic injuries. Subthreshold symptoms of PTSD are more common and deserve more attention.

scholarly journals Facebook Intrusion as a Mediator Between Positive Capital and General Distress: A Cross-Cultural Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Przepiórka ◽  
Agata Błachnio ◽  
Mark Sullman ◽  
Oleg Gorbaniuk ◽  
Nicolson Yat-Fan Siu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Distress ◽  
Ego Resiliency

Background: Social networking sites (SNSs) play an important role in many aspects of life nowadays, and it seems to be crucial to explore their impact on human well-being and functioning. The main aim of the study was to examine the mediating role of Facebook intrusion between positive capital and general distress. Positive capital was considered as comprising self-esteem, ego-resiliency, and self-control, while general distress was seen as having three dimensions: depression, anxiety, and stress.Methods: The sample consisted of N = 4,495 participants (M = 22.96 years, SD = 5.46) from 14 countries: Australia, Cyprus, Greece, Hong Kong, Lithuania, New Zealand, Peru, Poland, Russia, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, and United States. We used the following methods: the Facebook Intrusion Questionnaire (FIQ), the Self-Esteem Scale (SES), the Brief Self-Control Scale (SCS), The Ego Resiliency Revised Scale and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21).Results: We found that Facebook intrusion was a mediator between self-esteem and general distress and between self-control and general distress.Limitations: The present study was based on a cross-sectional study, and the measures used were self-report measures. The majority of the participants were recruited using convenience sampling.Conclusions: The present findings contribute to a better understanding on how the social media have impact on individual mental health. Implications for future studies are discussed.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic Growth and Related Influencing Factors in Discharged COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shixin Yan ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Man Ye ◽  
Shihao Chen ◽  
Chaoying Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Post Traumatic

The purpose of this study is to investigate the current state of post-traumatic growth (PTG) and identify its influencing factors in discharged COVID-19 patients. PTG refers to individual experiences of significant positive change arising from the struggle with a major life crisis. This descriptive cross-sectional study used the convenient sampling method to recruit 140 discharged COVID-19 patients in Hunan, China. The results show that the PTG of the discharged COVID-19 patients was positively correlated with self-esteem, post-traumatic stress disorder, coping style tendency, and social support, but negatively correlated with the time from onset to diagnosis. Our findings could provide guidance on improving the psychological state and well-being of discharged COVID-19 patients.

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