scholarly journals Non-Linear Response of PM2.5 Pollution to Land Use Change in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1612
Author(s):  
Debin Lu ◽  
Wanliu Mao ◽  
Wu Xiao ◽  
Liang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Spatial Distribution Pattern ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Unused Land ◽  
Non Linear

Land use change has an important influence on the spatial and temporal distribution of PM2.5 concentration. Therefore, based on the particulate matter (PM2.5) data from remote sensing instruments and land use change data in long time series, the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic and SP-SDM are employed to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of PM2.5 and its response to land use change in China. It is found that the average PM2.5 increased from 25.49 μg/m3 to 31.23 μg/m3 during 2000-2016, showing an annual average growth rate of 0.97%. It is still greater than 35 μg/m3 in nearly half of all cities. The spatial distribution pattern of PM2.5 presents the characteristics of concentrated regional convergence. PM2.5 is positively correlated with urban land and farmland, negatively correlated with forest land, grassland, and unused land. Furthermore, the average PM2.5 concentrations show the highest values for urban land and decrease in the order of farmland > unused land > water body > forest > grassland. The impact of land use change on PM2.5 is a non-linear process, and there are obvious differences and spillover effects for different land types. Thus, reasonably controlling the scale of urban land and farmland, optimizing the spatial distribution pattern and development intensity, and expanding forest land and grassland are conducive to curbing PM2.5 pollution. The research conclusions provide a theoretical basis for the management of PM2.5 pollution from the perspective of optimizing land use.

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Change of Land Use and Its Impact on Water Quality of East-Liao River Basin from 2000 to 2020

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1955
Author(s):  
Mingxi Zhang ◽  
Guangzhi Rong ◽  
Aru Han ◽  
Dao Riao ◽  
Xingpeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
Unused Land ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Land use change is an important driving force factor affecting the river water environment and directly affecting water quality. To analyze the impact of land use change on water quality change, this study first analyzed the land use change index of the study area. Then, the study area was divided into three subzones based on surface runoff. The relationship between the characteristics of land use change and the water quality grade was obtained by grey correlation analysis. The results showed that the land use types changed significantly in the study area since 2000, and water body and forest land were the two land types with the most significant changes. The transfer rate is cultivated field > forest land > construction land > grassland > unused land > water body. The entropy value of land use information is represented as Area I > Area III > Area II. The shift range of gravity center is forest land > grassland > water body > unused land > construction land > cultivated field. There is a strong correlation between land use change index and water quality, which can be improved and managed by changing the land use type. It is necessary to establish ecological protection areas or functional areas in Area I, artificial lawns or plantations shall be built in the river around the water body to intercept pollutants from non-point source pollution in Area II, and scientific and rational farming in the lower reaches of rivers can reduce non-point source pollution caused by farming.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal distribution of bats (Chiroptera) in bright summer nights

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tore Christian Michaelsen
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatial Distribution Pattern ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Over Time

Most bat species show plasticity in their choice of habitat and landscape. This study focuses on the distribution and activity of bats along the hillsides and onto the shores of a low salinity marine Norwegian fiord at 62°N. Ultrasound was recorded using D500 detectors in June and July at 42 different sites from the shoreline and up the hillsides to around 200 m. Detectors were placed in well-preserved woodlands. OnlyPipistrellussp., northern batsEptesicus nilssoniiand bats of theMyotisgenus were common. There was a clear non-linear spatial distribution pattern along these slopes, with a pronounced increase in the number of recorded bats at short distances from the shore. On all six nights, the detector closest to the shore had the highest number of recorded bats. A pattern was also seen in bat distribution over time.Pipistrellussp., northern bats andMyotisspecies all had a peak near the shore during the darkest part of the night, which is around 01.35 h in mid-summer at this latitude. At greater distances,Pipistrellussp. and northern bats had a peak around 40 minutes to one hour before the darkest part of the night, respectively. Here,Myotisspp. peaked about an hour after 01.35.

scholarly journals Influence of urban land-use change on cold-air path occurrence and spatial distribution

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Grunwald ◽  
Stephan Weber
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Boosted Regression Trees ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
Urban Land Use Change ◽  
Green City

AbstractThe urban population is predicted to reach a 70% share of global population by mid-century. Future urbanization might be directed along several development typologies, e.g. sprawling urbanization, more compact cities, greener cities, or a combination of different typologies. These developments induce urban land-use change that will affect urban climate and might reinforce phenomena such as the urban heat island and thermal discomfort of urban residents. A planning-based mitigation approach to ensure thermal comfort of residents are urban cold-air paths, i.e. low-roughness areas enabling drainage and transport of colder air masses from rural surroundings. We study how urban land-use change scenarios influence cold-air path occurrence probability and spatial distribution in a mid-European city using a machine learning approach, i.e. boosted regression trees. The Urban Sprawl Scenario results in the strongest reduction of cold-air path area by 3.6% in comparison to the reference case. The Green City Scenario gives evidence for an increase of cold-air path area (2.2%) whereas the Compact Green City Scenario partly counteracts the negative influence of urban densification by increased fractions of vegetated areas. The proposed method allows for the identification of priority areas for cold-air path preservation in urban planning.

Dynamic Change of Land Use in the Southern Loess Plateau

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2703-2706
Author(s):  
Bin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Temporal Dynamic ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Unused Land ◽  
North And South

In order to reveal the characteristics of land use change in the south loess plateau, this paper tentatively divided Loess Plateau into North and South under the support of GIS, and then introduced land use spatial temporal dynamic model, analyzed land use dynamic change in provincial scale. The results showed: during the 25 years, construction land area increased from 3555.99 km2 to 4794.28 km2, unused land decreased by 0.02 percentage points, forest land area increased from 51011.31 km2 to 51066.79 km2, waters increased of 0.01 percentage points, farmland area decreased to 98561.57 km2 from100004.79 km2, grassland area increased by 0.08 percentage points. Land use change important values in province scale on each were not identical, showed obvious regional differences.Introduction.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF LAND USE CHANGE IN INNER MONGOLIA REGION FROM 1978 TO 2018 BASED ON REMOTE SENSING

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B3-2020 ◽  
pp. 745-749
Author(s):  
W. Qu ◽  
Y. Yao ◽  
Z. Pang ◽  
J. Lu ◽  
K. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Unused Land ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Land use change is an important theme of the research on the impact of human interaction on global change. In this paper, two phases of land use data were interpretated from remote sensing images of 1978 and 2018, and the spatial-temporal characteristics of land use change in China's Inner Mongolia Region from 1978 to 2018 were analyzed. The results indicated that grasslands and arable land are mainly distributed in the central and eastern region of Inner Mongolia, forest land are mainly distributed in the eastern region, and unused land is mainly distributed in the western region. From 1978 to 2018, the area of arable land in Inner Mongolia decreased by 9,000 km2, forest land increased by 900 km2, and the area of grassland decreased by 1,400 km2. Urban and rural, industrial mines, and residential land continued to increase with an area of 7,800 km2; and unused land increased by an area of 11,500 km2. It was indicated that after 40 years of development, land use in urban and rural areas, industrial mines, and residential areas caused by human activities in the Inner Mongolia Region has increased significantly. At the same time, the policy of returning farmland to forests to protect the environment has achieved significant results.

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