scholarly journals A Pilot Study of Individual Muscle Force Prediction during Elbow Flexion and Extension in the Neurorehabilitation Field

Sensors ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiateng Hou ◽  
Yingfei Sun ◽  
Lixin Sun ◽  
Bingyu Pan ◽  
Zhipei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Force Prediction ◽  
Individual Muscle ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Assessment of Muscle Activity and Joint Angles in Small-Handed Pianists: A Pilot Study on the 7/8-Sized Keyboard versus the Full-Sized Keyboard

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
B G Wristen ◽  
M C Jung ◽  
A K G Wismer ◽  
M S Hallbeck
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Ulnar Deviation ◽  
Surface Electrodes ◽  
Musical Excerpt ◽  
Muscle Loading ◽  
Maximal Angle ◽  
Flexion And Extension

This pilot study examined whether the use of a 7/8 keyboard contributed to the physical ease of small-handed pianists as compared with the conventional piano keyboard. A secondary research question focused on the progression of physical ease in pianists making the transition from one keyboard to the other. For the purposes of this study, a hand span of 8 inches or less was used to define a “small-handed” pianist. The goal was to measure muscle loading and hand span during performance of a specified musical excerpt. For data collection, each of the two participants was connected to an 8-channel electromyography system via surface electrodes, which were attached to the upper back/shoulder, parts of the hand and arm, and masseter muscle of the jaw. Subjects also were fitted with electrogoniometers to capture how the span from the first metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint to the fifth MCP joint moves according to performance demands, as well as wrist flexion and extension and radial and ulnar deviation. We found that small-handed pianists preferred the smaller keyboard and were able to transition between it and the conventional keyboard. The maximal angle of hand span while playing a difficult piece was about 5º smaller radially and 10º smaller ulnarly for the 7/8 keyboard, leading to perceived ease and better performance as rated by the pianists.

Excitotoxic acid lesions of the primate subthalamic nucleus result in reduced pallidal neuronal activity during active holding

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 1859-1866 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Hamada ◽  
M. R. DeLong
Keyword(s):  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Ibotenic Acid ◽  
Excitatory Input ◽  
Behavioral Task ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Flexion And Extension

1. To gain a better understanding of the pathophysiology of hemiballismus in primates, and to test directly the hypothesis that the subthalamopallidal projection is excitatory, we studied the effects of lesions of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) on neuronal activity in the globus pallidus (GP) of monkeys during performance of a motor behavioral task. 2. Animals were trained to position and hold a manipulandum to which torque pulses were applied, producing elbow flexion and extension. The activity of neurons in the external (GPe) and internal (GPi) segments of GP was recorded in two monkeys during task performance before and after STN lesions. The STN was lesioned by the fiber-sparing neurotoxins ibotenic acid and/or kainic acid. 3. After lesioning, the firing rate of neurons in both segments of GP, which was measured during the period of holding before torque application, was significantly decreased in both animals. The mean of discharge rates of GPi neurons decreased (P < 0.001) from 69.8 (n = 169, SD = 21.6) to 47.4 spikes/s (n = 180, SD = 22.6) after lesioning. The mean of discharge rates of GPe neurons decreased from 63.6 spikes/s (n = 218, SD = 25.1) before lesions to 41.0 spikes/s (n = 208, SD = 18.1) after lesioning. 4. These results provide further evidence that STN gives rise to a major excitatory input to both segments of the GP and support the hypothesis that dyskinesias result from decreased GPi output.

scholarly journals MM-MRE: a new technique to quantify individual muscle forces during isometric tasks of the wrist using MR elastography

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Zonnino ◽  
Daniel R. Smith ◽  
Peyton L. Delgorio ◽  
Curtis L. Johnson ◽  
Fabrizio Sergi
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Muscle Mechanics ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Joint Torque ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Muscle Forces ◽  
Individual Muscle ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
A New Technique

AbstractNon-invasive in-vivo measurement of individual muscle force is limited by the infeasibility of placing force sensing elements in series with the musculo-tendon structures. At the same time, estimating muscle forces using EMG measurements is prone to inaccuracies, as EMG is not always measurable for the complete set of muscles acting around the joints of interest. While new methods based on shear wave elastography have been recently proposed to directly characterize muscle mechanics, they can only be used to measure muscle forces in a limited set of superficial muscles. As such, they are not suitable to study the neuromuscular control of movements that require coordinated action of multiple muscles.In this work, we present multi-muscle magnetic resonance elastography (MM-MRE), a new technique capable of quantifying individual muscle force from the complete set of muscles in the forearm, thus enabling the study of the neuromuscular control of wrist movements. MM-MRE integrates measurements of joint torque provided by an MRI-compatible instrumented handle with muscle-specific measurements of shear wave speed obtained via MRE to quantify individual muscle force using model-based estimator.A single-subject pilot experiment demonstrates the possibility of obtaining measurements from individual muscles and establishes that MM-MRE has sufficient sensitivity to detect changes in muscle mechanics following the application of isometric joint torque with self-selected intensity.

scholarly journals Design and Implement an Exoskeleton Arm for Reinforcement the Human Muscles after Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-258
Author(s):  
Duha Qais Abd-ul-Amir ◽  
Auns Qusai Hashim ◽  
Abdulnasir Hussin Ameer
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Mobility Limitations ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Robotic Exoskeleton ◽  
Human Muscles ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Exoskeleton Device ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Mobility limitations in stroke survivors yield negative impacts on the quality of life for such individuals. Rehabilitation is needed to help them recover and regain mobility. Accordingly, this study aims to design and validate a “Robotic Exoskeleton” intended for stroke rehabilitation. The basic principles of this robotic exoskeleton device are its dependence on electromyography signal and electronic microcontroller to provide an efficient physiotherapy exercises system.The robotic exoskeleton is a one degree of freedom which performs the flexion and extension of the elbow joint. After the design was completed, 19 subjects participated in this study: 4 healthy subjects, and 15 post-stroke patients.The results showed the benefit of robotic exoskeleton in increasing the elbow range of motion, where angle of elbow flexion was raised from the first physiotherapy session to maximum elbow flexion in the last session.

scholarly journals Differences in Demographic and Radiographic Characteristics between Patients with Visible and Invisible T1 Slopes on Lateral Cervical Radiographic Images

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Sadayuki Ito ◽  
Hiroaki Nakashima ◽  
Akiyuki Matsumoto ◽  
Kei Ando ◽  
Masaaki Machino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Surgical Planning ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Sagittal Vertical Axis ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
T1 Slope ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Introduction: The T1 slope is important for cervical surgical planning, and it may be invisible on radiographic images. The prevalence of T1 invisible cases and the differences in demographic and radiographic characteristics between patients whose T1 slopes are visible or invisible remains unexplored. Methods: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the differences in these characteristics between outpatients whose T1 slopes were visible or invisible on radiographic images. Patients (n = 60) who underwent cervical radiography, whose T1 slope was confirmed clearly, were divided into the visible (V) group and invisible (I) group. The following radiographic parameters were measured: (1) C2-7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), (2) C2-7 angle in neutral, flexion, and extension positions. Results: Based on the T1 slope visibility, 46.7% of patients were included in group I. The I group had significantly larger C2-7 SVA than the V group for males (p < 0.05). The C2-7 SVA tended to be larger in the I group, without significant difference for females (p = 0.362). Discussion: The mean C2-7 angle in neutral and flexion positions was not significantly different between the V and I groups for either sex. The mean C2-7 angle in the extension position was greater in the V group. The T1 slope was invisible in males with high C2-7 SVA.

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