scholarly journals Temperature Sensing Performance of Microsphere Resonators

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jibo Yu ◽  
Elfed Lewis ◽  
Gilberto Brambilla ◽  
Pengfei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Liquid Droplet ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Droplet Temperature ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Current State ◽  
Sensing Performance

In recent years, many temperature sensing devices based on microsphere resonators have emerged, attracting an increasing research interest. For the purpose of this review article, microsphere resonators are divided according to their constituting materials, namely silicone, silica, compound glass, and liquid droplet. Temperature monitoring relies mainly on the thermo-optic/thermal expansion of the microspheres and on the fluorescence of the doped ions. This article presents a comprehensive review of the current state of the art of microsphere based temperature sensing and gives an indication of future directions.

scholarly journals Immunoconjugates and long circulating systems: Origins, current state of the art and future directions

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Koshkaryev ◽  
Rupa Sawant ◽  
Madhura Deshpande ◽  
Vladimir Torchilin
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State

Modular Prosthetic Design for Transtibial Child Amputees

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan M. Hickey ◽  
Samuel T. Woo ◽  
Sally F. Shady
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Prosthetic Design ◽  
Current State ◽  
Limb Deficiencies

Lower limb deficiencies and below knee amputations are the most common form of deficiency that may arise from disease or trauma, and returning a patient close to a normal quality-of-life requires prosthetics, which can be quite challenging. Children present even further difficulty to prosthetists and physicians than adults. Although the underlying prosthetic principles for adults are the same for children, additional considerations must be made for practicality, such as downsizing while maintaining its degree of complexity, and frequent appointments to account for the rapid growth of an adolescent. This review article will evaluate the current state-of-the-art in the field of transtibial-amputee prosthetics, review the insurance coverage a typical family would face, and suggest potential improvements to children’s biomimetic prostheses that aid in reducing the frequency of health care provider intervention.

scholarly journals Biomechanical behaviours of the bone–implant interface: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (156) ◽  
pp. 20190259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Gao ◽  
Manon Fraulob ◽  
Guillaume Haïat
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Current State ◽  
Mechanical Methods

In recent decades, cementless implants have been widely used in clinical practice to replace missing organs, to replace damaged or missing bone tissue or to restore joint functionality. However, there remain risks of failure which may have dramatic consequences. The success of an implant depends on its stability, which is determined by the biomechanical properties of the bone–implant interface (BII). The aim of this review article is to provide more insight on the current state of the art concerning the evolution of the biomechanical properties of the BII as a function of the implant's environment. The main characteristics of the BII and the determinants of implant stability are first introduced. Then, the different mechanical methods that have been employed to derive the macroscopic properties of the BII will be described. The experimental multi-modality approaches used to determine the microscopic biomechanical properties of periprosthetic newly formed bone tissue are also reviewed. Eventually, the influence of the implant's properties, in terms of both surface properties and biomaterials, is investigated. A better understanding of the phenomena occurring at the BII will lead to (i) medical devices that help surgeons to determine an implant's stability and (ii) an improvement in the quality of implants.

scholarly journals A Guideline for Effectively Synthesizing and Characterizing Magnetic Nanoparticles for Advancing Nanobiotechnology: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Zamani Kouhpanji ◽  
Bethanie J. H. Stadler
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Synthesis Routes ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
Excellent Source ◽  
Source Of Information

The remarkable multimodal functionalities of magnetic nanoparticles, conferred by their size and morphology, are very important in resolving challenges slowing the progression of nanobiotechnology. The rapid and revolutionary expansion of magnetic nanoparticles in nanobiotechnology, especially in nanomedicine and therapeutics, demands an overview of the current state of the art for synthesizing and characterizing magnetic nanoparticles. In this review, we explain the synthesis routes for tailoring the size, morphology, composition, and magnetic properties of the magnetic nanoparticles. The pros and cons of the most popularly used characterization techniques for determining the aforementioned parameters, with particular focus on nanomedicine and biosensing applications, are discussed. Moreover, we provide numerous biomedical applications and highlight their challenges and requirements that must be met using the magnetic nanoparticles to achieve the most effective outcomes. Finally, we conclude this review by providing an insight towards resolving the persisting challenges and the future directions. This review should be an excellent source of information for beginners in this field who are looking for a groundbreaking start but they have been overwhelmed by the volume of literature.

scholarly journals A Review of Extended Reality (XR) Technologies for Manufacturing Training

Technologies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Sanika Doolani ◽  
Callen Wessels ◽  
Varun Kanal ◽  
Christos Sevastopoulos ◽  
Ashish Jaiswal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Assembly Task ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Current State ◽  
Research Publications

Recently, the use of extended reality (XR) systems has been on the rise, to tackle various domains such as training, education, safety, etc. With the recent advances in augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and mixed reality (MR) technologies and ease of availability of high-end, commercially available hardware, the manufacturing industry has seen a rise in the use of advanced XR technologies to train its workforce. While several research publications exist on applications of XR in manufacturing training, a comprehensive review of recent works and applications is lacking to present a clear progress in using such advance technologies. To this end, we present a review of the current state-of-the-art of use of XR technologies in training personnel in the field of manufacturing. First, we put forth the need of XR in manufacturing. We then present several key application domains where XR is being currently applied, notably in maintenance training and in performing assembly task. We also reviewed the applications of XR in other vocational domains and how they can be leveraged in the manufacturing industry. We finally present some current barriers to XR adoption in manufacturing training and highlight the current limitations that should be considered when looking to develop and apply practical applications of XR.

Interventional biliary radiology: current state-of-the-art and future directions

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 525-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Shawyer ◽  
Mark D Goodwin ◽  
Robert N Gibson
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State

Future Directions in Cognitive Engineering and Naturalistic Decision Making

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 450-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mica R. Endsley ◽  
Gary Klein ◽  
David D. Woods ◽  
Philip J. Smith ◽  
Stephen J. Selcon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cognitive Engineering ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Naturalistic Decision Making ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Near Future ◽  
And Training ◽  
Research Domain

Cognitive Engineering and Naturalistic Decision Making are presented as two related fields of endeavor that seek to understand how people process information and perform within complex systems and to develop ways of applying this knowledge within the design and training process This panel presents an overview of the current state of the art in this research domain and charts paths for needed developments in the field in the near future.

scholarly journals A review of current defeasible reasoning implementations

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL BRYANT ◽  
PAUL KRAUSE
Keyword(s):  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Complexity Analysis ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Formal Models ◽  
Important Goal ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Practical Argumentation ◽  
Reasoning Engine

AbstractThis article surveys existing practical implementations of both defeasible and argumentation-based reasoning engines and associated literature. We aim to summarize the current state of the art in the research area, show that there are many similiarities and connections between the various implementations and also highlight the differences regarding evaluation goals and strategies. An important goal of this paper is to argue for the need for well-designed empirical evaluations, as well as formal complexity analysis, in order to justify the practical applicability of a reasoning engine. There are indeed many challenges to be faced in developing implementations of argumentation. Not least of these is the inherent computational complexity of the formal models. We cover some of the ways these challenges have been addressed, and provide pointers for future directions in realizing the goal of practical argumentation.

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