scholarly journals Development of a Non-Invasive On-Chip Interconnect Health Sensing Method Based on Bit Error Rates

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3234
Author(s):  
Insun Shin ◽  
Kyoungmin Koo ◽  
Daeil Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Error Rates ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Fault Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Dc Resistance

Electronic products and systems are widely used in industrial network systems, control devices, and data acquisition devices across many industry sectors. Failures of such electronic systems might lead to unexpected downtime, loss of productivity, additional work for repairs, and delay in product and service development. Thus, developing an appropriate sensing technique is necessary, because it is the first step in system fault diagnosis and prognosis. Many sensing techniques often require external and additional sensing devices, which might disturb system operation and consequently increase operating costs. In this study, we present an on-chip health sensing method for non-destructive and non-invasive interconnect degradation detection. Bit error rate (BER), which represents data integrity during digital signal transmission, was selected to sense interconnect health without connecting external sensing devices. To verify the health sensing performance, corrosion tests were conducted with in situ monitoring of the BER and direct current (DC) resistance. The eye size, extracted from the BER measurement, showed the highest separation between the intact and failed interconnect, as well as a gradual transition, compared with abrupt changes in the DC resistance, during interconnect degradation. These experimental results demonstrate the potential of the proposed sensing method for on-chip interconnect health monitoring applications without disturbing system operation.

scholarly journals Positron Emission Tomography in Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloidosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiqing Ni
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Cerebral Amyloid ◽  
On Chip

Animal models of Alzheimer’s disease amyloidosis that recapitulate cerebral amyloid-beta pathology have been widely used in preclinical research, and have greatly enabled the mechanistic understanding of Alzheimer’s disease and the development of therapeutics. Comprehensive deep phenotyping of the pathophysiological and biochemical features in these animal models are essential. Recent advances in positron emission tomography have allowed the non-invasive visualization of the alterations in the brain of animal models as well as in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, These tools have facilitated our understanding of disease mechanisms, and provided longitudinal monitoring of treatment effect in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease amyloidosis. In this review, we focus on recent positron emission tomography studies of cerebral amyloid-beta accumulation, hypoglucose metabolism, synaptic and neurotransmitter receptor deficits (cholinergic and glutamatergic system), blood-brain barrier impairment and neuroinflammation (microgliosis and astrocytosis) in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease amyloidosis. We further propose the emerging targets and tracers for reflecting the pathophysiological changes, and discuss outstanding challenges in disease animal models and future outlook in on-chip characterization of imaging biomarkers towards clinical translation.

scholarly journals On-Chip in Situ Monitoring of Competitive Interfacial Anionic Chemisorption as a Descriptor for Oxygen Reduction Kinetics

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengning Ding ◽  
Guangyan Zhong ◽  
Zipeng Zhao ◽  
Zhihong Huang ◽  
Mufan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Reduction Kinetics ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Oxygen Reduction Kinetics

scholarly journals The measurement stand with DAQ card for recording a bioelectric signal from human muscles

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 01042
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Krawiecki ◽  
Arkadiusz Hulewicz ◽  
Krzysztof Dziarski
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Measuring Channel ◽  
Measurement Laboratory ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Bioelectric Signal ◽  
Forearm Muscles ◽  
Usb Bus ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Human Muscles

The measurement stand for recording a bioelectric signal from human muscles has been described in the paper. A DAQ card with a USB bus has been used in the measuring channel. The acquisition of the electromyography signal is carried out using the non-invasive method using gel electrodes. The bioelectric signal is amplified, filtered and processed in hardware and software. The tests of system operation in the measurement laboratory have been carried out. The presented results relate to the measurement of the electromyography signal from the forearm muscles of the upper limb of a human.

In situ monitoring of the seed stage of a fermentation process using non-invasive NIR spectrometry

The Analyst ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (5) ◽  
pp. 660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Nordon ◽  
David Littlejohn ◽  
Alison S. Dann ◽  
Paul A. Jeffkins ◽  
Mark D. Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Non Invasive

Regeneration of testis tissue after ectopic implantation of porcine testis cell aggregates in mice: improved consistency of outcomes and in situ monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awang Hazmi Awang-Junaidi ◽  
Jaswant Singh ◽  
Ali Honaramooz
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Ultrasound Biomicroscopy ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Cell Aggregates ◽  
Tissue Development ◽  
Immunodeficient Mice ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Old Donor ◽  
Testis Tissue

Ectopic implantation of donor testis cell aggregates in recipient mice results in de novo formation or regeneration of testis tissue and, as such, provides a unique invivo model for the study of testis development. However, currently the results are inconsistent and the efficiency of the model remains low. This study was designed to: (1) examine several factors that can potentially improve the consistency and efficiency of this model and (2) explore the use of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) for the non-invasive invivo evaluation of implants. Testis cell aggregates, containing ~40% gonocytes, from 1-week-old donor piglets were implanted under the back skin of immunodeficient mice through skin incisions using gel matrices or through subcutaneous injection without using gel matrices. The addition of gel matrices led to inconsistent tissue development; gelatin had the greatest development, followed by collagen, whereas agarose resulted in poor development. The results also depended on the implanted cell numbers since implants with 100×106 cells were larger than those with 50×106 cells. The injection approach for cell implantation was less invasive and resulted in more consistent and efficient testis tissue development. UBM provided promising results as a means of non-invasive monitoring of implants.

scholarly journals Spatially resolved non-invasive chemical stimulation for modulation of signalling in reconstructed neuronal networks

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 333-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Mourzina ◽  
Alfred Steffen ◽  
Dmitri Kaliaguine ◽  
Bernhard Wolfrum ◽  
Petra Schulte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Neuronal Networks ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Microcontact Printing ◽  
Chemical Stimulation ◽  
Functional Coupling ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
On Chip

Functional coupling of reconstructed neuronal networks with microelectronic circuits has potential for the development of bioelectronic devices, pharmacological assays and medical engineering. Modulation of the signal processing properties of on-chip reconstructed neuronal networks is an important aspect in such applications. It may be achieved by controlling the biochemical environment, preferably with cellular resolution. In this work, we attempt to design cell–cell and cell–medium interactions in confined geometries with the aim to manipulate non-invasively the activity pattern of an individual neuron in neuronal networks for long-term modulation. Therefore, we have developed a biohybrid system in which neuronal networks are reconstructed on microstructured silicon chips and interfaced to a microfluidic system. A high degree of geometrical control over the network architecture and alignment of the network with the substrate features has been achieved by means of aligned microcontact printing. Localized non-invasive on-chip chemical stimulation of micropatterned rat cortical neurons within a network has been demonstrated with an excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Our system will be useful for the investigation of the influence of localized chemical gradients on network formation and long-term modulation.

scholarly journals MICRO-SCALE TECHNOLOGIES FOR CELL MECHANICS: EXPERIMENTAL AND MODELLING APPROACHES

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Caselli ◽  
Nicola A. Nodargi ◽  
Paolo Bisegna
Keyword(s):  
Cell Mechanics ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Single Cell Level ◽  
Mechanical Function ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Chip Technology ◽  
On Chip

Cell mechanics is a discipline that bridges cell biology with mechanics. Emerging microscale technologies are opening new venues in the field, due to their costeffectiveness, relatively easy fabrication, and high throughput. Two examples of those technologies are discussed here: microfluidic impedance cytometry and erythrocyte electrodeformation. The former is a lab-on-chip technology offering a simple, non-invasive, label-free method for counting, identifying and monitoring cellular biophysical and mechanical function at the single-cell level. The latter is a useful complement to the former, enabling cell deformation under the influence of an applied electric field.

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