Magnetoimpedance Effect in the Ribbon-Based Patterned Soft Ferromagnetic Meander-Shaped Elements for Sensor Application

Amorphous and nanocrystalline soft magnetic materials have attracted much attention in the area of sensor applications. In this work, the magnetoimpedance (MI) effect of patterned soft ferromagnetic meander-shaped sensor elements has been investigated. They were fabricated starting from the cobalt-based amorphous ribbon using the lithography technique and chemical etching. Three-turn (S1: spacing s = 50 μm, width w = 300 μm, length l = 5 mm; S2: spacing s = 50 μm, width w = 400 μm, length l = 5 mm) and six-turn (S3: s = 40 μm, w = 250 μm, length l = 5 mm; S4: s = 40 μm, w = 250 μm and l = 8 mm) meanders were designed. The ‘n’ shaped meander part was denominated as “one turn”. The S4 meander possesses a maximum MI ratio calculated for the total impedance ΔZ/Z ≈ 250% with a sensitivity of about 36%/Oe (for the frequency of about 45 MHz), and an MI ratio calculated for the real part of the total impedance ΔR/R ≈ 250% with the sensitivity of about 32%/Oe (for the frequency of 50 MHz). Chemical etching and the length of the samples had a strong impact on the surface magnetic properties and the magnetoimpedance. A comparative analysis of the surface magnetic properties obtained by the magneto-optical Kerr technique and MI data shows that the designed ferromagnetic meander-shaped sensor elements can be recommended for high frequency sensor applications focused on the large drop analysis. Here we understand a single large drop as the water-based sample to analyze, placed onto the surface of the MI sensor element either by microsyringe (volue range 0.5–500 μL) or automatic dispenser (volume range 0.1–50 mL).

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The Structure and Magnetic Properties of Rapidly Quenched Fe72Ni8Nb4Si2B14 Alloy

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14010005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Lukasz Hawelek ◽

Tymon Warski ◽

Patryk Wlodarczyk ◽

Marcin Polak ◽

Przemyslaw Zackiewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Relaxation Process ◽

Glassy State ◽

Diffraction Method ◽

Soft Magnetic Materials ◽

Process Time ◽

Complex Permeability ◽

Soft Magnetic ◽

Conventional Heat Treatment ◽

Glass Relaxation

The complex structural and magnetic studies of the annealed rapidly quenched Cu-free Fe72Ni8Nb4Si2B14 alloy (metallic ribbons form) are reported here. Based on the calorimetric results, the conventional heat treatment process (with heating rate 10 °C/min and subsequent isothermal annealing for 20 min) for wound toroidal cores has been optimized to obtain the least lossy magnetic properties (for the minimum value of coercivity and magnetic core losses at 50 Hz). For optimal conditions, the complex permeability in the 104–108 Hz frequency range together with core power losses obtained from magnetic induction dependence up to the frequency of 400 kHz was successfully measured. The average and local crystal structure was investigated by the use of the X-ray diffraction method and the transmission electron microscopy observations and proved its fully glassy state. Additionally, for the three temperature values, i.e., 310, 340 and 370 °C, the glass relaxation process study in the function of annealing time was carried out to obtain a deeper insight into the soft magnetic properties: magnetic permeability and cut-off frequency. For this type of Cu-free soft magnetic materials, the control of glass relaxation process (time and temperature) is extremely important to obtain proper magnetic properties.

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Electromagnetic design of a 3D tester for magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials

ICEMS'2001. Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (IEEE Cat. No.01EX501) ◽

10.1109/icems.2001.970695 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Jin Jiang Zhong ◽

Jian Guo Zhu

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Magnetic Materials ◽

Soft Magnetic Materials ◽

Soft Magnetic ◽

Electromagnetic Design

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Influence of annealing treatment on soft magnetic properties of Fe76Si10B10Cr2Y2 amorphous ribbon

Journal of Alloys and Compounds ◽

10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.10.172 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 627 ◽

pp. 333-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Shih Fan Chen ◽

Chi Yu Hung ◽

Shea Jue Wang ◽

Shih Hsun Chen ◽

Chien Chon Chen

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Amorphous Ribbon ◽

Annealing Treatment ◽

Soft Magnetic Properties ◽

Soft Magnetic

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Microstructure Evolution upon Thermomagnetic Treatment of Soft Magnetic Alloys

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.152-153.66 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 152-153 ◽

pp. 66-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V.V. Gubernatorov ◽

T.S. Sycheva ◽

Irina I. Kositsyna

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Magnetic Properties ◽

Microstructure Evolution ◽

Soft Magnetic Materials ◽

Thermomagnetic Treatment ◽

Soft Magnetic ◽

Magnetic Alloys ◽

Treatment Mode ◽

Soft Magnetic Alloys ◽

Microscopy Examination

A new concept is suggested that serves to explain the effects of thermomagnetic treatment. Its validity is proved via measurements of magnetic properties and electron microscopy examination of structure of soft magnetic materials after different treatments. This concept allows one to consciously choose the treatment mode aiming on improvement of magnetic properties of alloys.

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Influence of Annealing Temperature on the Crystallization Kinetics of Fe82Si8B10 Amorphous Ribbon

Journal of Engineering Science ◽

10.3329/jes.v11i1.49553 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 107-112

Author(s):

A Said Sikder ◽

SD Nath ◽

SS Sikder

Keyword(s):

Crystallization Kinetics ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Annealing Temperature ◽

Amorphous Ribbon ◽

Primary Crystallization ◽

Soft Magnetic Materials ◽

Power Transformers ◽

Soft Magnetic ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Kinetics Of

Amorphous soft magnetic materials have significant potential applications in specialist power transformers and in inductive devices. With the composition of Fe82Si8B10, 82% of the transition metals Fe and about 18% of metalloid or glass-former elements like B and Si are strongly magnetic at room temperature and offer dynamic opportunities for engineering applications. The crystallization kinetics has been studied by differential thermal analysis (DTA). The sample was annealed in a controlled way in the temperature range of 350-450°C at constant annealing time one hour. The kinetics of primary crystallization α-Fe(Si) phase and secondary crystallization Fe2B phase was studied as affected due to temperature. The sample annealed at 350oC temperature is almost unchanged which is still lower than that of primary crystallization temperature but the same condition when sample annealed at 450°C completely shows that the primary crystallization α-Fe(Si) phase has vanished and crystallization event took place to a good extent. Journal of Engineering Science 11(1), 2020, 107-112

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The AC Soft Magnetic Properties of FeCoNixCuAl (1.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.75) High-Entropy Alloys

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12244222 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (24) ◽

pp. 4222 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhongyuan Wu ◽

Chenxu Wang ◽

Yin Zhang ◽

Xiaomeng Feng ◽

Yong Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Soft Magnetic Materials ◽

Magnetic Flux Density ◽

High Entropy Alloys ◽

Soft Magnetic Properties ◽

Phase Content ◽

Soft Magnetic ◽

High Entropy ◽

Two Phases ◽

Fcc Phase

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) with soft magnetic properties are one of the new candidate soft magnetic materials which are usually used under an alternating current (AC) magnetic field. In this work, the AC soft magnetic properties are investigated for FeCoNixCuAl (1.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.75) HEAs. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) show that the alloy consists of two phases, namely a face-centred cubic (FCC) phase and a body-centred cubic (BCC) phase. With increasing Ni content, the FCC phase content increased. Further research shows that the AC soft magnetic properties of these alloys are closely related to their phase constitution. Increasing the FCC phase content contributes to a decrease in the values of AC remanence (AC Br), AC coercivity (AC Hc) and AC total loss (Ps), while it is harmful to the AC maximum magnetic flux density (AC Bm). Ps can be divided into two parts: AC hysteresis loss (Ph) and eddy current loss (Pe). With increasing frequency f, the ratio of Ph/Ps decreases for all samples. When f ≤ 150 Hz, Ph/Ps > 70%, which means that Ph mainly contributes to Ps. When f ≥ 800 Hz, Ph/Ps < 40% (except for the x = 1.0 sample), which means that Pe mainly contributes to Ps. At the same frequency, the ratio of Ph/Ps decreases gradually with increasing FCC phase content. The values of Pe and Ph are mainly related to the electrical resistivity (ρ) and the AC Hc, respectively. This provides a direction to reduce Ps.

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A measurement setup for acquiring the local magnetic properties of plastically deformed soft magnetic materials

Journal of Applied Physics ◽

10.1063/1.3535549 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 109 (7) ◽

pp. 07E306 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shasha Bi ◽

Alexander Sutor ◽

Reinhard Lerch ◽

Yunshi Xiao

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Magnetic Materials ◽

Soft Magnetic Materials ◽

Soft Magnetic

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Prediction of the Energy Losses in Soft Magnetic Alloys Based on the Magnetic Objects Theory in the Case of the Uniform Magnetic Flux Penetration

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.792.260 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 792 ◽

pp. 260-265

Author(s):

Veronica Paltanea ◽

Gheorghe Paltanea ◽

Horia Gavrila

Keyword(s):

Amorphous Ribbon ◽

Rolling Direction ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Soft Magnetic Materials ◽

Magnetic Polarization ◽

Soft Magnetic ◽

Silicon Iron ◽

Soft Magnetic Alloys ◽

Loss Prediction ◽

Theoretical Assessment

We report an investigation and a theoretical assessment of energy loss prediction in crystalline and amorphous soft magnetic materials. There were tested a sample made from non-oriented silicon iron (NO FeSi) M800-65A, industrial type alloy, cut longitudinally to the rolling direction and a toroidal sample of Co67Fe4B14.5Si14.5amorphous ribbon. The losses behaviour of the crystalline NO FeSi strip was studied as function of frequency in the range of 5 Hz to 200 Hz at a given magnetic polarization (Jp) of 0.5 T and 1 T. In the case of the amorphous Co-based ribbon the losses variation was studied as function of frequency in the range of 5 Hz to 10 kHz at a given magnetic polarization of 20 mT. Using the concept of loss separation for the data analysis, in the approximation of linear magnetization law and low frequency limit, it can be considered in both cases, that the excess losses can be quantitatively assessed within the theoretical framework of the statistical loss model based on magnetic object theory.

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