scholarly journals Study of the Application of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in Processing Sensor Data and Biomedical Images

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 3584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijun Hu ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Lijie Li
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Training Image ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Distributed Sensor ◽  
Intelligent Sensors ◽  
Deep Cnn

The fast progress in research and development of multifunctional, distributed sensor networks has brought challenges in processing data from a large number of sensors. Using deep learning methods such as convolutional neural networks (CNN), it is possible to build smarter systems to forecasting future situations as well as precisely classify large amounts of data from sensors. Multi-sensor data from atmospheric pollutants measurements that involves five criteria, with the underlying analytic model unknown, need to be categorized, so do the Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) fundus images dataset. In this work, we created automatic classifiers based on a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) with two models, a simpler feedforward model with dual modules and an Inception Resnet v2 model, and various structural tweaks for classifying the data from the two tasks. For segregating multi-sensor data, we trained a deep CNN-based classifier on an image dataset extracted from the data by a novel image generating method. We created two deepened and one reductive feedforward network for DR phase classification. The validation accuracies and visualization results show that increasing deep CNN structure depth or kernels number in convolutional layers will not indefinitely improve the classification quality and that a more sophisticated model does not necessarily achieve higher performance when training datasets are quantitatively limited, while increasing training image resolution can induce higher classification accuracies for trained CNNs. The methodology aims at providing support for devising classification networks powering intelligent sensors.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Transfer Learning with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Screening Osteoporosis in Dental Panoramic Radiographs

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Sun Lee ◽  
Seok-Ki Jung ◽  
Jae-Jun Ryu ◽  
Sang-Wan Shin ◽  
Jinwook Choi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Transfer Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Deep Cnn

Dental panoramic radiographs (DPRs) provide information required to potentially evaluate bone density changes through a textural and morphological feature analysis on a mandible. This study aims to evaluate the discriminating performance of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), employed with various transfer learning strategies, on the classification of specific features of osteoporosis in DPRs. For objective labeling, we collected a dataset containing 680 images from different patients who underwent both skeletal bone mineral density and digital panoramic radiographic examinations at the Korea University Ansan Hospital between 2009 and 2018. Four study groups were used to evaluate the impact of various transfer learning strategies on deep CNN models as follows: a basic CNN model with three convolutional layers (CNN3), visual geometry group deep CNN model (VGG-16), transfer learning model from VGG-16 (VGG-16_TF), and fine-tuning with the transfer learning model (VGG-16_TF_FT). The best performing model achieved an overall area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.858. In this study, transfer learning and fine-tuning improved the performance of a deep CNN for screening osteoporosis in DPR images. In addition, using the gradient-weighted class activation mapping technique, a visual interpretation of the best performing deep CNN model indicated that the model relied on image features in the lower left and right border of the mandibular. This result suggests that deep learning-based assessment of DPR images could be useful and reliable in the automated screening of osteoporosis patients.

CNN-based Classification of Degraded Images

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
pp. 28-1-28-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuki Endo ◽  
Masayuki Tanaka ◽  
Masatoshi Okutomi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Image Restoration ◽  
Image Classification ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Degraded Image ◽  
Degraded Images ◽  
Straightforward Approach

Classification of degraded images is very important in practice because images are usually degraded by compression, noise, blurring, etc. Nevertheless, most of the research in image classification only focuses on clean images without any degradation. Some papers have already proposed deep convolutional neural networks composed of an image restoration network and a classification network to classify degraded images. This paper proposes an alternative approach in which we use a degraded image and an additional degradation parameter for classification. The proposed classification network has two inputs which are the degraded image and the degradation parameter. The estimation network of degradation parameters is also incorporated if degradation parameters of degraded images are unknown. The experimental results showed that the proposed method outperforms a straightforward approach where the classification network is trained with degraded images only.

scholarly journals Deep convolutional neural networks for cardiovascular vulnerable plaque detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 277 ◽  
pp. 02024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lincan Li ◽  
Tong Jia ◽  
Tianqi Meng ◽  
Yizhe Liu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Vulnerable Plaque ◽  
Recall Rate ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Vulnerable Plaques ◽  
Plaque Detection

In this paper, an accurate two-stage deep learning method is proposed to detect vulnerable plaques in ultrasonic images of cardiovascular. Firstly, a Fully Convonutional Neural Network (FCN) named U-Net is used to segment the original Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography (IVOCT) cardiovascular images. We experiment on different threshold values to find the best threshold for removing noise and background in the original images. Secondly, a modified Faster RCNN is adopted to do precise detection. The modified Faster R-CNN utilize six-scale anchors (122,162,322,642,1282,2562) instead of the conventional one scale or three scale approaches. First, we present three problems in cardiovascular vulnerable plaque diagnosis, then we demonstrate how our method solve these problems. The proposed method in this paper apply deep convolutional neural networks to the whole diagnostic procedure. Test results show the Recall rate, Precision rate, IoU (Intersection-over-Union) rate and Total score are 0.94, 0.885, 0.913 and 0.913 respectively, higher than the 1st team of CCCV2017 Cardiovascular OCT Vulnerable Plaque Detection Challenge. AP of the designed Faster RCNN is 83.4%, higher than conventional approaches which use one-scale or three-scale anchors. These results demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed method and the power of deep learning approaches in diagnose cardiovascular vulnerable plaques.

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