scholarly journals Realizing Efficient Security and Privacy in IoT Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Henry Anajemba ◽  
Yue Tang ◽  
Celestine Iwendi ◽  
Akpesiri Ohwoekevwo ◽  
Gautam Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Full Duplex ◽  
Wireless Communication Network ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Security Challenge ◽  
Rate Optimization

In recent times, security and privacy at the physical (PHY) layer has been a major issue of several communication technologies which comprise the internet of things (IoT) and mostly, the emerging fifth-generation (5G) cellular network. The most real-world PHY security challenge stems from the fact that the passive eavesdropper’s information is unavailable to the genuine source and destination (transmitter/receiver) nodes in the network. Without this information, it is difficult to optimize the broadcasting parameters. Therefore, in this research, we propose an efficient sequential convex estimation optimization (SCEO) algorithm to mitigate this challenge and improve the security of physical layer (PHY) in a three-node wireless communication network. The results of our experiments indicate that by using the SCEO algorithm, an optimal performance and enhanced convergence is achieved in the transmission. However, considering possible security challenges envisaged when a multiple eavesdropper is active in a network, we expanded our research to develop a swift privacy rate optimization algorithm for a multiple-input, multiple-output, multiple-eavesdropper (MIMOME) scenario as it is applicable to security in IoT and 5G technologies. The result of the investigation show that the algorithm executes significantly with minimal complexity when compared with nonoptimal parameters. We further employed the use of rate constraint together with self-interference of the full-duplex transmission at the receiving node, which makes the performance of our technique outstanding when compared with previous studies.

scholarly journals Total Local Dose in Hypothetical 5G Mobile Networks for Varied Topologies and User Scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Kuehn ◽  
Serge Pfeifer ◽  
Niels Kuster
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Monte Carlo Analysis ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Network Topologies ◽  
5G Mobile Networks

In this study, the total electromagnetic dose, i.e., the combined dose from fixed antennas and mobile devices, was estimated for a number of hypothetical network topologies for implementation in Switzerland to support the deployment of fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems while maintaining exposure guidelines for public safety. In this study, we consider frequency range 1 (FR1) and various user scenarios. The estimated dose in hypothetical 5G networks was extrapolated from measurements in one of the Swiss 4G networks and by means of Monte Carlo analysis. The results show that the peak dose is always dominated by an individual’s mobile phone and, in the case of non-users, by the bystanders’ mobile phones. The reduction in cell size and the separation of indoor and outdoor coverage can substantially reduce the total dose by >10 dB. The introduction of higher frequencies in 5G mobile networks, e.g., 3.6 GHz, reduces the specific absorption rate (SAR) in the entire brain by an average of −8 dB, while the SAR in the superficial tissues of the brain remains locally constant, i.e., within ±3 dB. Data from real networks with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) were not available; the effect of adaptive beam-forming antennas on the dose will need to be quantitatively revisited when 5G networks are fully established.

Investigation of the fifth generation non-orthogonal multiple access technique for defense applications using deep learning

2021 ◽  
pp. 154851292110228
Author(s):  
Ravisankar Malladi ◽  
Manoj Kumar Beuria ◽  
Ravi Shankar ◽  
Sudhansu Sekhar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Interference Cancellation ◽  
Multiple Access ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Channel State ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
And Performance

In modern wireless communication scenarios, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) provides high throughput and spectral efficiency for fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G systems. Traditional NOMA detectors are based on successive interference cancellation (SIC) techniques at both uplink and downlink NOMA transmissions. However, due to imperfect SIC, these detectors are not suitable for defense applications. In this paper, we investigate the 5G multiple-input multiple-output NOMA deep learning technique for defense applications and proposed a learning approach that investigates the communication system’s channel state information automatically and identifies the initial transmission sequences. With the use of the proposed deep neural network, the optimal solution is provided, and performance is much better than the traditional SIC-based NOMA detectors. Through simulations, the analytical outcomes are verified.

scholarly journals Low complexity full duplex MIMO systems: Analog canceler architectures, beamforming design, and future directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-127
Author(s):  
George C. Alexandropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Mimo Systems ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Full Duplex ◽  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Algorithmic Solution ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
The One ◽  
Rate Optimization

The hardware complexity of the analog Self-Interference (SI) canceler in conventional full duplex Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) designs mostly scales with the number of transmit and receive antennas, thus exploiting the benefits of analog cancellation becomes impractical for full duplex MIMO transceivers, even for a moderate number of antennas. In this paper, we provide an overview of two recent hardware architectures for the analog canceler comprising of reduced number of cancellation elements, compared to the state of the art, and simple multiplexers for efficient signal routing among the transceiver radio-frequency chains. The one architecture is based on analog taps and the other on AUXiliary (AUX) Transmitters (TXs). In contrast to the available analog cancellation architectures, the values for each tap or each AUX TX and the configuration of the multiplexers are jointly designed with the digital transceiver beamforming filters according to desired performance objectives. We present a general optimization framework for the joint design of analog SI cancellation and digital beamforming, and detail an example algorithmic solution for the sum-rate optimization objective. Our representative computer simulation results demonstrate the superiority, both in terms of hardware complexity and achievable performance, of the presented low complexity full duplex MIMO schemes over the relative available ones in the literature. We conclude the paper with a discussion on recent simultaneous transmit and receive operations capitalizing on the presented architectures, and provide a list of open challenges and research directions for future FD MIMO communication systems, as well as their promising applications.

scholarly journals On the Performance of LDPC-Coded Massive MIMO Schemes with Power-Ordered NOMA Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8684
Author(s):  
Mário Marques da Silva ◽  
Rui Dinis ◽  
Gelson Martins
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Access ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Parity Check ◽  
Frequency Domain Equalization ◽  
Single Carrier ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Iot Devices

This article studies the power-ordered Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) techniques associated with Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes, adopted for use in the fifth generation of cellular communications (5G). Both conventional and cooperative NOMA are studied, associated with Single Carrier with Frequency Domain Equalization (SC-FDE) and massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO). Billions of Internet of Things (IoT) devices are aimed to be incorporated by the Fourth Industrial Revolution, requiring more efficient use of the spectrum. NOMA techniques have the potential to support that goal and represent strong candidates for incorporation into future releases of 5G. This article shows that combined schemes associated with both conventional and cooperative LDPC-coded NOMA achieve good performance while keeping the computational complexity at an acceptable level.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Based LTE MIMO Antenna for 5th Generation Mobile Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Dr. Abul Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output

Artificial intelligence based long term evolution multi in multi output antenna supporting the fifth generation mobile networks is put forth in the paper. The mechanism laid out in paper is devised using the monopole-antenna integrated with the switchable pattern. The long term evolution based multiple input and multiple output antenna is equipped with four antennas and capable of providing a four concurrent data streams quadrupling the theoretical maximum speed of data transfer allowing the base station to convey four diverse signals through four diverse transmit antennas for a single user equipment. The utilization of the long term evolution multiple input multiple output is capable of utilizing the multi-trial broadcasting to offer betterments in the signal performance as well as throughput and spectral efficiency when used along the fifth generation mobile networks. So the paper proposes the artificial intelligence based long term evolution multiple input multiple output four transmit antenna with four diverse signal transmission capacity that is operating in the frequency of 3.501 Gigahertz frequency. The laid out design is evaluated using the Multi-input Multi output signal analyzer to acquire the capacity of the passive conveyance of the various antennas with the diverse combination of patterns. The outcomes observed enables the artificial intelligence antenna to identify the choicest antenna to be integrated in the diverse environments for improving the throughput, signal performance and the data conveyance speed.

scholarly journals A Review of the Use Cases and Possible Technologies for 5G and Beyond Communications

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-111
Author(s):  
Ali Mahamoud Ali ◽  
Bakhit Amine Adoum ◽  
Idriss Saleh Bachar ◽  
Nasrullah Armi ◽  
Mahamat Saleh Idriss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Full Duplex ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Half Duplex ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Input Multiple Output

5G communication system is rapidly taking shape and for many organizations, including administrations, it is important to be aware of developments in this regard. At this stage, it is essential to know about 5G use cases and possible key technologies. This paper describes several anticipated 5G use cases across a handful of different sectors. It is important to remember that these comprise only a subset of possible use cases and these are all still new. As-yet more new use cases are expected to emerge and the need to prepare their adaption in 5G and beyond. From wireless transmission, wireless access and network perspectives, the possible key technologies of 5G, including Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), Beam-forming, Device-to-Device communication system (D2D), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), Full duplex, Small cells, cognitive radio(CR), etc. and their latest progress are presented comprehensively and thoroughly. Each has enormous advantages but also limitations. The Full duplex which will help to double the capacity of the channel compared to the Half-duplex technology of 4G and Small cells combined with millimeter waves to have a wide bandwidth. These Small-Cells are essential for energy reduction and also for improving latency. But these Small-Cells require the use of intelligent antennas, that is to say, the diagrams of which are directive and reconfigurable at the request of the user Future research challenges regarding 5G and beyond wireless communication are also discussed.

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