scholarly journals Biomedical Photoacoustic Imaging and Sensing Using Affordable Resources

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2572
Author(s):  
Mithun Kuniyil Ajith Singh ◽  
Wenfeng Xia
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Imaging ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Optoacoustic Effect ◽  
Sensing Applications

The photoacoustic (PA) effect, also called the optoacoustic effect, was discovered in the 1880s by Alexander Graham Bell and has been utilized for biomedical imaging and sensing applications since the early 1990s [...]

Nanodiamond-enabled biomedical imaging

Nanomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (16) ◽  
pp. 1599-1616
Author(s):  
Yen-Yiu Liu ◽  
Be-Ming Chang ◽  
Huan-Cheng Chang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Biomedical Imaging ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
New Type ◽  
Fluorescent Nanodiamonds

Biomedical imaging allows in vivo studies of organisms, providing valuable information of biological processes at both cellular and tissue levels. Nanodiamonds have recently emerged as a new type of probe for fluorescence imaging and contrast agent for magnetic resonance and photoacoustic imaging. Composed of sp3-carbon atoms, diamond is chemically inert and inherently biocompatible. Uniquely, its matrix can host a variety of optically and magnetically active defects suited for bioimaging applications. Since the first production of fluorescent nanodiamonds in 2005, a large number of experiments have demonstrated that fluorescent nanodiamonds are useful as photostable markers and nanoscale sensors in living cells and organisms. In this review, we focus our discussion on the recent advancements of nanodiamond-enabled biomedical imaging for preclinical applications.

scholarly journals InGaN/GaN nanoLED Arrays as a Novel Illumination Source for Biomedical Imaging and Sensing Applications

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Gülink ◽  
Steffen Bornemann ◽  
Hendrik Spende ◽  
Matthias Auf der Maur ◽  
Aldo Di Carlo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Imaging ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Device Processing ◽  
Led Array ◽  
Line Contacts ◽  
Processing Optimization ◽  
Illumination Source

Guidelines for the fabrication of nanoscale light-emitting diode arrays (i.e., nanoLED arrays) based on patterned gallium nitride (GaN) with very small dimensions and pitches have been derived in this work. Several challenges during top-down LED array processing have been tackled involving hybrid etching and polymer-based planarization to yield completely insulated highaspect-ratio LED fin structures and support the creation of p-GaN crossing line contacts, respectively. Furthermore, simulations of the light emission patterns were also performed providing hints for enhancing the device designs. As a result, regardless of the required device processing optimization, the developed nanoLED arrays are expected to offer high potential as novel illumination sources in biomedical imaging and sensing applications (e.g., mini compact microscopes and wearable biological/chemical nanoparticle counters)

scholarly journals Portable and Affordable Light Source-Based Photoacoustic Tomography

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6173
Author(s):  
Mithun Kuniyil Ajith Singh ◽  
Wenfeng Xia
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Photoacoustic Tomography ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Excitation Light ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Technological Developments

Photoacoustic imaging is a hybrid imaging modality that offers the advantages of optical (spectroscopic contrast) and ultrasound imaging (scalable spatial resolution and imaging depth). This promising modality has shown excellent potential in a wide range of preclinical and clinical imaging and sensing applications. Even though photoacoustic imaging technology has matured in research settings, its clinical translation is not happening at the expected pace. One of the main reasons for this is the requirement of bulky and expensive pulsed lasers for excitation. To accelerate the clinical translation of photoacoustic imaging and explore its potential in resource-limited settings, it is of paramount importance to develop portable and affordable light sources that can be used as the excitation light source. In this review, we focus on the following aspects: (1) the basic theory of photoacoustic imaging; (2) inexpensive light sources and different implementations; and (3) important preclinical and clinical applications, demonstrated using affordable light source-based photoacoustics. The main focus will be on laser diodes and light-emitting diodes as they have demonstrated promise in photoacoustic tomography—the key technological developments in these areas will be thoroughly reviewed. We believe that this review will be a useful opus for both the beginners and experts in the field of biomedical photoacoustic imaging.

scholarly journals Application of Nanomaterials in Biomedical Imaging and Cancer Therapy

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarkar Siddique ◽  
James C. L. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Biomedical Imaging ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Positron Emission

Nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles, nanorods, nanosphere, nanoshells, and nanostars, are very commonly used in biomedical imaging and cancer therapy. They make excellent drug carriers, imaging contrast agents, photothermal agents, photoacoustic agents, and radiation dose enhancers, among other applications. Recent advances in nanotechnology have led to the use of nanomaterials in many areas of functional imaging, cancer therapy, and synergistic combinational platforms. This review will systematically explore various applications of nanomaterials in biomedical imaging and cancer therapy. The medical imaging modalities include magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, positron emission tomography, single photon emission computerized tomography, optical imaging, ultrasound, and photoacoustic imaging. Various cancer therapeutic methods will also be included, including photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. This review also covers theranostics, which use the same agent in diagnosis and therapy. This includes recent advances in multimodality imaging, image-guided therapy, and combination therapy. We found that the continuous advances of synthesis and design of novel nanomaterials will enhance the future development of medical imaging and cancer therapy. However, more resources should be available to examine side effects and cell toxicity when using nanomaterials in humans.

Computer simulation study about the dependence of amorphous silicon photonic waveguides efficiency on the material quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 30502
Author(s):  
Alessandro Fantoni ◽  
João Costa ◽  
Paulo Lourenço ◽  
Manuela Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Sidewall Roughness ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Fabrication Defects ◽  
The Impact

Amorphous silicon PECVD photonic integrated devices are promising candidates for low cost sensing applications. This manuscript reports a simulation analysis about the impact on the overall efficiency caused by the lithography imperfections in the deposition process. The tolerance to the fabrication defects of a photonic sensor based on surface plasmonic resonance is analysed. The simulations are performed with FDTD and BPM algorithms. The device is a plasmonic interferometer composed by an a-Si:H waveguide covered by a thin gold layer. The sensing analysis is performed by equally splitting the input light into two arms, allowing the sensor to be calibrated by its reference arm. Two different 1 × 2 power splitter configurations are presented: a directional coupler and a multimode interference splitter. The waveguide sidewall roughness is considered as the major negative effect caused by deposition imperfections. The simulation results show that plasmonic effects can be excited in the interferometric waveguide structure, allowing a sensing device with enough sensitivity to support the functioning of a bio sensor for high throughput screening. In addition, the good tolerance to the waveguide wall roughness, points out the PECVD deposition technique as reliable method for the overall sensor system to be produced in a low-cost system. The large area deposition of photonics structures, allowed by the PECVD method, can be explored to design a multiplexed system for analysis of multiple biomarkers to further increase the tolerance to fabrication defects.

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