Water Content Monitoring in Water-in-Crude-Oil Emulsions Using an Ultrasonic Multiple-Backscattering Sensor

This work shows the application of an ultrasonic multiple-scattering sensor for monitoring water-in-petroleum emulsions. The sensor consists of a commercial ultrasonic transducer with an array of cylindrical scatterers placed in the near field. The scatterers are thin metal bars arranged in rows in front of the transducer. The backscattering signals were analyzed by calculating the wave energy and by a cross-correlation between signal segments; they were also used to determine the propagation velocity in the emulsions. The tests performed used emulsions with water volume concentrations from 0 to 50%. The results showed that both the signal energy and propagation velocity strongly depended on the concentration of water in the emulsion. Therefore, the ultrasonic multiple-scattering sensor can be used for on-line and real-time monitoring of the water content in water-in-crude-oil emulsions.

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Water Content Monitoring in Water-in-Oil Emulsions Using a Piezoceramic Sensor

Machines ◽

10.3390/machines9120335 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 335

Author(s):

Carlos A. B. Reyna ◽

Ediguer E. Franco ◽

Alberto L. Durán ◽

Luiz O. V. Pereira ◽

Marcos S. G. Tsuzuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Water Content ◽

Real Time ◽

Propagation Velocity ◽

Time Estimation ◽

Water Volume ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Real Time Estimation ◽

Working Principle ◽

Oil Emulsions

This work deals with a transmission-reception ultrasonic technique for the real-time estimation of the water content in water-in-crude oil emulsions. The working principle is the measurement of the propagation velocity, using two in-house manufactured transducers designed for water coupling, with a central frequency of about 3 MHz. Water-in-crude oil emulsions with a water volume concentration from 0% to 40% were generated by mechanical emulsification. Tests were carried out at three temperatures. The results showed that the propagation velocity is a sensitive parameter that is able to determine the water content, allowing for differentiating the concentrations of up to 40% of water. The main motivation is the development of techniques for non-invasive and real-time monitoring of the water content of emulsions in petrochemical processes.

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Demulsification of a Water-in-crude Oil Emulsion with a Corn Oil BasedDemulsifier using the Response Surface Methodology: Modelling and Optimization

Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering) ◽

10.2174/2405520414999210104154915 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Abed Saad ◽

Nour Abdurahman ◽

Rosli Mohd Yunus

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Crude Oil ◽

Water Content ◽

Response Surface ◽

Separation Efficiency ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Oil Emulsion ◽

Optimal Values ◽

Input Variables ◽

Oil Emulsions

: In this study, the Sany-glass test was used to evaluate the performance of a new surfactant prepared from corn oil as a demulsifier for crude oil emulsions. Central composite design (CCD), based on the response surface methodology (RSM), was used to investigate the effect of four variables, including demulsifier dosage, water content, temperature, and pH, on the efficiency of water removal from the emulsion. As well, analysis of variance was applied to examine the precision of the CCD mathematical model. The results indicate that demulsifier dose and emulsion pH are two significant parameters determining demulsification. The maximum separation efficiency of 96% was attained at an alkaline pH and with 3500 ppm demulsifier. According to the RSM analysis, the optimal values for the input variables are 40% water content, 3500 ppm demulsifier, 60 °C, and pH 8.

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Microwave treatment of crude oil emulsions: Effects of water content

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.petrol.2014.02.006 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 115 ◽

pp. 24-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Igor N. Evdokimov ◽

Aleksandr P. Losev

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Water Content ◽

Microwave Treatment ◽

Oil Emulsions

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Application of Neural Network in the Measuring System On-line for Water Content of Crude Oil

Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology ◽

10.19026/ajfst.5.3257 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 276-279

Author(s):

Zengrong Zhao ◽

Yanju Wang

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Crude Oil ◽

Water Content ◽

Measuring System ◽

On Line

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Rheological Properties of Water-in-Brazilian Crude Oil Emulsions: Effect of Water Content, Salinity, and pH

Energy & Fuels ◽

10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b01227 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (8) ◽

pp. 8880-8890 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Cesar B. Z. de Oliveira ◽

W. J. Souza ◽

C. F. Santana ◽

C. C. Santana ◽

C. Dariva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Water Content ◽

Rheological Properties ◽

Effect Of Water ◽

Oil Emulsions

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Experimental measurements of water content in crude oil emulsions by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

Applied Geophysics ◽

10.1007/s11770-013-0404-2 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 506-509 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Wu-Jun Jin ◽

Kun Zhao ◽

Chen Yang ◽

Chang-Hong Xu ◽

Hao Ni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Water Content ◽

Time Domain ◽

Experimental Measurements ◽

Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy ◽

Time Domain Spectroscopy ◽

Oil Emulsions

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Ultrasound-assisted dewatering of crude oil from Kumkol oilfield

Chemical Bulletin of Kazakh National University ◽

10.15328/cb1217 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 4-10

Author(s):

Zhanna Nadirova ◽

Oleksandr Ivakhnenko ◽

Manap Zhantasov ◽

Gulmira Bimbetova ◽

Kazim Nadirov

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Water Content ◽

Ultrasonic Treatment ◽

Initial Water Content ◽

Residual Water ◽

Acoustic Intensity ◽

Initial Water ◽

Ultrasonic Action ◽

Ultrasound Assisted ◽

Oil Emulsions

Reducing the water content of crude oil is a necessary step in preparing oil for transportation and processing. This task is complicated by the presence of stable water-in-oil emulsions. The most widely used approach to oil demulsification is exploring chemical demulsifiers. However, the high cost and impossibility of regenerating the latter require the search for new ways to destroy water-oil emulsions. One of the promising areas is the use of ultrasound. This paper presents the results of studies on the ultrasonic treatment of four samples of emulsions with different water content (8.74; 15; 25 and 30 vol.%) based on oil from the Kumkol oilfield (Kazakhstan). Samples of emulsions were subjected to ultrasonic action at a frequency of 40 kHz for 5-60 min at a temperature of 70±1°C, followed by settling for 40 min at the indicated temperature. The influence of the initial water content in the emulsion, the acoustic intensity, as well as the duration of ultrasonic treatment on the dewatering ratio was investigated. It was found that the residual water content in the oil was 5.04- 7.82 vol.%. Ultrasonic treatment of crude oil from the Kumkol oilfield can be used for preliminary dewatering, to subsequently reduce the consumption of chemical demulsifiers.

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Demulsification of Water in Iraqi Crude Oil Emulsion

Journal of Engineering ◽

10.31026/j.eng.2019.11.03 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (11) ◽

pp. 37-46

Author(s):

Zenah Hani Maddah ◽

Tariq Mohammed Naife

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Water Content ◽

Droplet Size ◽

Water Droplet ◽

Salt Content ◽

Droplet Size Distribution ◽

Oil Emulsion ◽

Separation Rate ◽

Average Water ◽

Oil Emulsions

Formation of emulsions during oil production is a costly problem, and decreased water content in emulsions leads to increases productivity and reduces the potential for pipeline corrosion and equipment used. The chemical demulsification process of crude oil emulsions is one of the methods used for reducing water content. The demulsifier presence causes the film layer between water droplets and the crude oil emulsion that to become unstable, leading to the accelerated of water coalescence. This research was performed to study the performance of a chemical demulsifier Chimec2439 (commercial) a blend of non-ionic oil-soluble surfactants. The crude oils used in these experiments were Basrah and Kirkuk Iraqi crude oil. These experimental work were done using different water to oil ratio. The study investigated the factors that have a role in demulsification processes such as the concentration of demulsifier, water content, salinity, pH, and asphaltene content. The results showed in measuring the droplet size distribution, in Basrah crude oil, that the average water droplet size was between (5.5–7.5) μm in the water content 25% while was between (3.3-4) μm in the water content 7%. The average water droplet size depends on the water content, and droplet size reduced when the water content of emulsion was less than 25%. In Kirkuk crude oil, in water content of 7%, it was between (4.5-6) μm, while in 20%, it was between (4-8) μm, and in 25% it was between (5-8.8) μm. It was found that the rate of separation increases with increasing concentration of demulsifier. For Basrah crude oil at 400ppm the separation was 83%, and for Kirkuk, crude oil was 88%. The separation of water efficiency was increased with increased water content and salt content. In Basrah crude oil, the separation rate was 84% at a dose of salt of 3% (30000) ppm and at zero% of salt, the separation was70.7%. In Kirkuk crude oil, the separation rate was equal 86.2% at a dose of salt equal 3% (30000) ppm, and at zero% of salt, the separation 80%.

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Evaluation of a sulfanilic acid based surfactant in crude oil demulsification: an experimental study

Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles ◽

10.2516/ogst/2018016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 73 ◽

pp. 20 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ghassem Zargar ◽

Reza Ghol Gheysari ◽

Mohammad Ali Takassi ◽

Alireza Rostami ◽

Amin Zadehnazari

Keyword(s):

Critical Micelle Concentration ◽

Crude Oil ◽

Water Content ◽

Sulfanilic Acid ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Conductivity Method ◽

Water Separation ◽

Benzene Sulfonic Acid ◽

Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonic Acid ◽

Oil Emulsions

In this study, 2-Amino-5-Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonic Acid (ADBSA) surfactant has been prepared and tested as crude oil emulsions demulsifier. Electrical conductivity method was used to obtain the critical micelle concentration of surfactant. A critical micelle concentration value of 0.225 wt.%. Bottle testing measurements were conducted to investigate the effect of several parameters including temperature, water content, salinity, demulsifier dosage and type of crude oil (composition) on the demulsification efficiency in presence of new synthetic demulsifier. A reduction of emulsion stability was observed with increasing water content or demulsifier dosage decrease. A water separation index of 98% was recorded at 60 °C.

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