Migration behavior of benzobicyclon hydrolysate and associated influencing factors in different agricultural soils

Benzobicyclon is a triketone pro-herbicide that needs to be hydrolyzed to form an active compound benzobicyclon hydrolysate (BH). This study aimed to investigate the migration behavior of BH in different types of agricultural soil and the associated influencing factors. Soil thin-layer chromatography and column leaching tests were used to study the migration behavior of BH in these soils. Based on the mobility retention factor (Rf = 0.34–0.90), the mobility of BH in thin soil layers was ranked in the order Lixisols > Anthrosols > Ferralsols > Phaeozems. The Rf value of BH was linearly positively correlated with soil sand content and pH, and negatively correlated with other physical and chemical properties of soil. BH was difficult to leach in Phaeozems, less difficult to leach in Ferralsols, and easy to leach in Anthrosols and Lixisols. Increasing the BH dosage and rainfall amount or adding humic acid and anionic (dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid) or nonionic (Tween-80) surfactant blocked BH migration in soil columns. In contrast, increasing the leaching solution pH and adding cationic surfactant (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) promoted BH migration in soil columns.BH application has a low risk of groundwater pollution in Phaeozems and Ferralsols, but poses a potential threat to groundwater in Anthrosols and Lixisols.

Chemiresistive sensors based on Dodecyl benzene Sulfonic acid doped Polypyrrole and Reduced Graphene Oxide for nitrogen oxides

A new series of polypyrrole doped with n-dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid/reduced graphene oxide (PPy-DBSA/rGO) nanocomposite was electrodeposited on Indium tin oxide coated Polyethylene terephthalate (ITO/PET) flexible substrate by electrochemical route using the chronoamperometric technique. As-prepared for testing of chemiresistive properties against the detection of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) vapors at room temperature. The sensitivity and reactivity of the composite toward NO2 was evaluated. The recorded morphological and structural data confirmed that the PPy-DBSA/rGO forms a homogeneous nanocomposite. The optimal NO2 sensing properties have been revealed by the PPy-DBSA/rGO in terms of response (43%), response time (30.25 s), the detection limit (1ppm), and reproducibility. Furthermore, Results showed that the doped by sulfonic acid improved both the sensitivity and the reactivity of our produced nanocomposite toward NO2. Due to the strong interactions between the NO2 gas molecules and the rGO was dramatically enhanced the electronic properties of these nanocomposites. These striking characteristics of the newly developed nanocomposites make them very suitable to be used as NO2 gas sensor.

Effects of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid between hydrate particles and droplets

In order to understand the effect of Dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) on the aggregation mechanism of hydrate, the interaction between cyclopentane (CyC5) hydrate particles and droplets under different concentrations of DBSA and different temperatures was measured by micro mechanical force device (MMF). The mass concentration range of DBSA used in the experiment is 0.0001% ~ 0.05%, and the experimental temperature is 1°C and 5°C, respectively. The experimental results show that DBSA can effectively reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water, thus reducing the adhesion between hydrate particles and droplets and preventing hydrate aggregation. In the experimental concentration range, the higher the concentration of DBSA, the stronger the ability to reduce the adhesion. The adhesion can be reduced by 97.56% at 1°C and 90.95% at 5°C. The change trend of the adhesion with the concentration is almost the same at the two temperatures.

A KDM4-DBC1-SIRT1 Axis Contributes to TGF-b Induced Mesenchymal Transition of Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Intestinal fibrosis is one of the common pathophysiological processes in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Previously it has been demonstrated that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) can contribute to the development of intestinal fibrosis. Here we report that conditional ablation of SIRT1, a class III lysine deacetylase, in intestinal epithelial cells exacerbated 2, 4, 6-trinitro-benzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) induced intestinal fibrosis in mice. SIRT1 activity, but not SIRT1 expression, was down-regulated during EMT likely due to up-regulation of its inhibitor deleted in breast cancer 1 (DBC1). TGF-β augmented the recruitment of KDM4A, a histone H3K9 demethylase, to the DBC1 promoter in cultured intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) leading to DBC1 trans-activation. KDM4A depletion or inhibition abrogated DBC1 induction by TGF-β and normalized SIRT1 activity. In addition, KDM4A deficiency attenuated TGF-β induced EMT in IEC-6 cells. In conclusion, our data identify a KDM4-DBC1-SIRT1 pathway that regulates EMT to contribute to intestinal fibrosis.

Kaji Eksperimen Terhadap Penggunaan Bahan Bakar Emulsi Pada Burner

The purpose of this study was to observe the combustion of diesel fuel combined with the percentage volume of water and emulsifier, namely alkyl benzene sulfonic acid (ABS). The emulsion fuel composition used in this experimental study is a mixture of diesel fuel, emulsion and water. The composition of the emulsion fuel is designed according to the percentage of water volume and the emulsifier in diesel fuel with a variation of the percentage of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The parameters observed were combustion flame temperature, combustor annulus wall temperature, hot gas temperature, air fuel ratio (AFR), heat loss, and flame shape from differences in the composition of the percentage volume of emulsion fuel. In this test using Combustion Laboratory Unit C 491. The results showed that the heat absorbed due to cooling (Qa) in the AFR stoichiometry of diesel fuel (diesel) 26.334 kW was smaller than emulsion fuel (30.096 kW), so the use of emulsion fuel on the Burner Combustion Laboratory Unit C 49 is very suitable. The shape of the flame produced by the combustion of emulsion fuel is short, turbulent, and covered in water vapor.

Spectroscopic Investigation of Polyaniline Co Poly Meta Amino Benzene Sulfonic Acid

Similar to metals, conducting polymers possess an extraordinary ability to conduct electricity due to their intrinsic properties. There has been considerable focus on the synthesis and development of such materials for a wide variety of applications. In this regard, polyaniline and its derivatives have versatile applications including use as active electronic material, fabrication of modified electrode, sensors, in secondary batteries and in microelectronic and electrochromic device. Introduction of potential polymers like PAN and PPY or PTF as conductive co-polymer, interpenetrating network or blends would be a challenging step towards the preparation of novel and cheap material with modified antistatic properties. In this work we used poly (m-amino benzene sulfonic acid) and poly aniline for the preparation of composite. Aniline and m-amino benzene sulfonic acid can be fast polymerized in water to yield conducting nano composites. The composites were easily water dispersable and showed prolonged stability. <br><br><br>

Spectroscopic Investigation of Polyaniline Co Poly Meta Amino Benzene Sulfonic Acid

Similar to metals, conducting polymers possess an extraordinary ability to conduct electricity due to their intrinsic properties. There has been considerable focus on the synthesis and development of such materials for a wide variety of applications. In this regard, polyaniline and its derivatives have versatile applications including use as active electronic material, fabrication of modified electrode, sensors, in secondary batteries and in microelectronic and electrochromic device. Introduction of potential polymers like PAN and PPY or PTF as conductive co-polymer, interpenetrating network or blends would be a challenging step towards the preparation of novel and cheap material with modified antistatic properties. In this work we used poly (m-amino benzene sulfonic acid) and poly aniline for the preparation of composite. Aniline and m-amino benzene sulfonic acid can be fast polymerized in water to yield conducting nano composites. The composites were easily water dispersable and showed prolonged stability. <br><br><br>

Facile one step green synthesis of iron nanoparticles using grape leaves extract: textile dye decolorization and wastewater treatment

The existing knowledge on the reactivity of green iron particles on textile dye and wastewater decolorization is very limited. In this study, the potential of green iron particles synthesized using grape leaves extract on reactive dye (reactive red 195, reactive yellow 145, reactive blue 4 and reactive black 5) decolorization were investigated. 95–98% of decolorization was achieved for all reactive dyes at 1.4–2.0 g/L of green iron. Maximum decolorization was attained at lower dye concentration and showed very little impact on decolorization when pH was increased from 3 to 11. The pseudo-first-order fit confirms the reaction between iron particles and dye molecules with rate constant 0.317–0.422 and it is followed by adsorption, data fit with pseudo-second-order model. Hence, not only adsorption but also the reduction process is involved in the reactive dye decolorization. Benzene, phenyl sodium, 2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine, naphthalene, sodium benzene sulfonate, benzene 1,2 di amine, anthracene-9,10 dione, aniline, phenol, benzene sulfonic acid were the major intermediates detected in dye decolorization and the respective reaction pathway is proposed. Green iron from grape leaves extract demonstrated better performance and it is recognized as the promising cost-effective material for textile wastewater treatment.

Evaluation of Anti-oxidation and Therapeutic Effect of Biofield Energy Healing Based Novel Test Formulation Using TNBS (Tri Nitro Benzene Sulfonic Acid) - Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Sprague Dawley Rats

The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of Biofield Energy Healing (the Trivedi Effect®) based test formulation using TNBS-induced colitis animal model. Each ingredient of the test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was treated with Biofield Energy Treatment by Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi and defined as the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation. The colon tissue was used for the estimation of anti-oxidation activity for catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO) product, myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) using standard procedure. The antioxidant results showed that the CAT level was significantly increased by 95.4% (p≤0.001), 72.3%, 47.6%, and 13.9% in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G5), Biofield treatment per se to animals (-15 days)(G6), Biofield Energy Treatment per se to animals plus Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (-15 day) (G8), and Biofield Energy Treatment per se to animals plus untreated test formulation (G9) groups, respectively as compared to the untreated test formulation group (G4). Further, colon GSH activity was found to be significantly increased by 23.2% (p≤0.05) 15.4%, and 15.5%, in G5, G6, and G9 groups, respectively with respect to G2 group. In addition, colon LPO activity data suggested that it was decreased by 12%, 17%, 18%, and 19.1% in G5, G6, Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (-15 day) (G7), and G8 groups, respectively, as compared with the G2 group. The level of MPO showed a significant (p≤0.001) reduced level by 27.9%, 22%, 14.5%, 16.6%, and 25.3% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared with the G2 group. The level of colon SOD was increased by 16.7% and 14.2% in the G5 and G9 groups, respectively as compared with the untreated test formulation, G4 group. Colon GPx level was increased by 177.6%, 71.4%, 71.4%, 161.2%, and 114.3% in G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared with the G2 group. Thus, it can be concluded that the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing based test formulation and Biofield Energy per se has significant colon anti-oxidation profile, which can be used to improve many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and prevention, and anti-aging by improving overall health.

Generation of active Co(III) and peroxodiphosphate by synergistic electrocatalytic system with phosphate and the mediator cobalt(II) and its degradation performance

The promising synergistic electrocatalytic system of phosphate (PO43−) with the mediator cobalt(II) (for short E-Co(II)-PO43−) was employed to degrade cationic dye methylene blue (MB). The exploration in the electrocatalytic process revealed that the main intermediate active oxidation products were Co(III), accompanied with hydroxyl radicals and peroxodiphosphates (P2O84−). Their synergistic electrocatalytic degradation rate to MB and total organic carbon (TOC) was up to 100 and 60% in 40 min, respectively, which was 5 times and 2.6 times that in a direct electrocatalytic system, correspondingly. The degradation process of the E-Co(II)-PO43− system on MB started with the bond being broken at the N-C junction of the MB molecule and intermediate active oxidation substances being generated, such as phenothiazine, 2-amino-5-(N-methylformamide) benzene sulfonic acid and N1,N1-dimethyl-1,4 diaminobenzene. Then, the intermediates were degraded into aniline, phenol and benzene sulfonic acid, and eventually decomposed into inorganic substances like CO2 and water. The electrocatalytic degradation mechanism of E-Co(II)-PO43− system on MB was the combination of indirect oxidation of the intermediate oxidants like Co(III), P2O84− and the hydroxyl radical with direct electrocatalysis on the platinum titanium electrode, where the electrocatalytic oxidation of Co(III) was dominant.