The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Analysis of the Pressure Sensor Used in Pulse-Operated Low-Pressure Gas-Phase Solenoid Valve Measurements

This paper presents a flow analysis of the original pressure sensor used to determine times until full opening and closing of the pulse-operated low-pressure gas-phase solenoid valve. The sensor in question, due to the fast variation of the process lasting several milliseconds, has high requirements in terms of response time and ability to identify characteristic parameters. A CFD code has been employed to successfully model the flow behavior of the original pressure sensor used to determine times until full opening and closing of the pulse-operated low-pressure gas-phase solenoid valve at different inlet flow conditions, using the Eulerian multiphase model, established on the Euler–Euler approach, implemented in the commercial CFD package ANSYS Fluent. The results of the modelling were validated against the experimental data and also give more comprehensive information on the flow, such as the plunger displacement waveform. The flow calculations were dynamic in nature; therefore, the experimental plunger displacement waveforms were entered as input in the software for dynamic mash implementation. In identifying the times until full opening and closing, the characteristic points of the pressure waveform on the pressure sensor plate were adopted. CFD flow calculations confirmed the accuracy of identifying the times until full opening and closing by relating them to the results from the plunger displacement sensor. The validation of the results of calculations with the analyzed sensor and the original stand also confirmed the correctness of the use of this type of method for the assessment of gas injector operating times. In the case of time until full opening, the CFD calculations were shown to be consistent with experimental tests, with only a few cases where the relative difference with respect to the displacement sensor reached 3%. The situation was slightly worse in the case of time until full closing, where the results of CFD calculations were in agreement with the displacement sensor, while the experimental test stands had a relative difference of up to 21%. It should be remembered that the sensor evaluates times below 5 × 10−3 s, and its construction and response time determine the use depending on the adopted level of accuracy.

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Evaluation of the Influence of the Supply Pressure on Functional Parameters of the Impulse Low-Pressure Gas-Phase Injector

Acta Mechanica et Automatica ◽

10.2478/ama-2020-0026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 180-185

Author(s):

Dariusz Szpica ◽

Andrzej Borawski ◽

Grzegorz Mieczkowski ◽

Michał Kusznier ◽

Mohamed M. Awad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Phase ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Volumetric Flow Rate ◽

Low Pressure ◽

Closing Time ◽

Functional Parameters ◽

Functional Relationships ◽

Supply Pressure ◽

Indirect Evaluation ◽

Opening And Closing

Abstract The article presents research results referring to the influence of supply pressure on the functional parameters of the impulse low-pressure gas-phase injector. The study was done on the original stand for flow test of gas-phase injectors. In the indirect evaluation, with the initial parameters and the length of the forced impulse, the current line, acceleration and pressure sensor courses were used. Apart from the volumetric flow rate, the analysed parameters were the time periods of the injector opening and closing process. Those time segments were composed of response time and opening/closing time, the sum of which gives time of full opening. Functional relationships describing the volumetric flow rate, time of full opening and closing are presented, which are helpful not only in comparative tests of different injectors, but also in modelling the operation of gas injector or algorithms of gas supply control system. The reference to the volumetric flow rate allowed to indicate possible causes of variability of this parameter depending on the supply pressure.

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Measurement of response time and detection of degradation in pressure sensor/sensing-line systems

Nuclear Engineering and Design ◽

10.1016/0029-5493(85)90145-1 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 89 (1) ◽

pp. 91-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M.E. Buchanan ◽

L.F. Miller ◽

J.A. Thie ◽

T.W. Kerlin ◽

G. Ragan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Response Time ◽

Pressure Sensor

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The warm-up and offset stability of a low-pressure piezoresistive ceramic pressure sensor

Sensors and Actuators A Physical ◽

10.1016/j.sna.2009.12.035 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 158 (2) ◽

pp. 198-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Marina Santo Zarnik ◽

Darko Belavic ◽

Srecko Macek

Keyword(s):

Pressure Sensor ◽

Low Pressure ◽

Warm Up

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Multiphase modeling of nitrate photochemistry in the quasi-liquid layer (QLL): implications for NO<sub>x</sub> release from the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-8-4855-2008 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 8 (16) ◽

pp. 4855-4864 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

C. S. Boxe ◽

A. Saiz-Lopez

Keyword(s):

Gas Phase ◽

Liquid Layer ◽

Solar Spectrum ◽

The Arctic ◽

Transfer Model ◽

Multiphase Model ◽

Gas Phase Reactions ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Quasi Liquid Layer ◽

Summer Range

Abstract. We utilize a multiphase model, CON-AIR (Condensed Phase to Air Transfer Model), to show that the photochemistry of nitrate (NO3−) in and on ice and snow surfaces, specifically the quasi-liquid layer (QLL), can account for NOx volume fluxes, concentrations, and [NO]/[NO2] (γ=[NO]/[NO2]) measured just above the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack. Maximum gas phase NOx volume fluxes, concentrations and γ simulated for spring and summer range from 5.0×104 to 6.4×105 molecules cm−3 s−1, 5.7×108 to 4.8×109 molecules cm−3, and ~0.8 to 2.2, respectively, which are comparable to gas phase NOx volume fluxes, concentrations and γ measured in the field. The model incorporates the appropriate actinic solar spectrum, thereby properly weighting the different rates of photolysis of NO3− and NO2−. This is important since the immediate precursor for NO, for example, NO2−, absorbs at wavelengths longer than nitrate itself. Finally, one-dimensional model simulations indicate that both gas phase boundary layer NO and NO2 exhibit a negative concentration gradient as a function of height although [NO]/[NO2] are approximately constant. This gradient is primarily attributed to gas phase reactions of NOx with halogens oxides (i.e. as BrO and IO), HOx, and hydrocarbons, such as CH3O2.

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Annularly grooved membrane combined with rood beam piezoresistive pressure sensor for low pressure applications

Review of Scientific Instruments ◽

10.1063/1.4977222 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

pp. 035002 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chuang Li ◽

Francisco Cordovilla ◽

José L. Ocaña

Keyword(s):

Pressure Sensor ◽

Low Pressure ◽

Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor

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Low Pressure Gas-phase Reactions of the Atomic Oxygen Radical Anion with Halomethanes Studied Using Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry ◽

10.1002/(sici)1097-0231(19970115)11:1<124::aid-rcm793>3.0.co;2-w ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 124-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

P. O. Staneke ◽

J. Kauw ◽

M. Born ◽

S. Ingemann ◽

N. M. M. Nibbering

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Gas Phase ◽

Cyclotron Resonance ◽

Radical Anion ◽

Atomic Oxygen ◽

Low Pressure ◽

Oxygen Radical ◽

Ion Cyclotron Resonance ◽

Gas Phase Reactions ◽

Ion Cyclotron

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GAS PHASE REACTION IN SYNTHESIS OF SiC FILMS BY LOW PRESSURE CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION FROM Si2H6 AND C2H2 AT 873 K

Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings) ◽

10.1051/jp4:1991210 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 02 (C2) ◽

pp. C2-87-C2-93

Author(s):

L.-S. HONG ◽

Y. SHIMOGAKI ◽

H. KOMIYAMA

Keyword(s):

Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽

Gas Phase ◽

Vapor Deposition ◽

Chemical Vapor ◽

Low Pressure ◽

Phase Reaction ◽

Gas Phase Reaction ◽

Pressure Chemical ◽

Sic Films

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Low pressure sensor using semiconductor laser

JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ◽

10.33899/edusj.2006.77508 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 168-183

Author(s):

Ifan Karomi ◽

Layth Jasim ◽

Abdul Ghafoor Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Semiconductor Laser ◽

Pressure Sensor ◽

Low Pressure

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Design and Build Temperature Control and Monitoring in Diesel Engines Using Mobile

Jurnal Jartel Jurnal Jaringan Telekomunikasi ◽

10.33795/jartel.v10i1.183 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 31-37

Author(s):

Mohammad Hasan Fuadi

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Temperature Control ◽

Diesel Engines ◽

Temperature Sensor ◽

Cooling System ◽

Cooling Water ◽

Solenoid Valve ◽

Valve Opening ◽

Opening And Closing ◽

And Control

Diesel engines is generally used for industrial and agricultural machines. Few people care about the engine temperature so it is forced to reach temperature of 100oC, which causes overheating of the diesel engine and has an impact on the performance itself. This also uses a hopper cooling system which is certainly not effective, because it's necessary to see that the water in the reservoir is still or not, also not equipped with an engine temperature display so it's difficult to ascertain the temperature inside. This study aims to monitor and control the temperature of cooling water. Operation of temperature control uses a telecontrol system that is connected to network (Internet of Things) so diesel temperature control can be done remotely. Monitoring of temperature and water level in the reserve tank using Web Mobile. In addition, there is a temperature sensor that is used to measure the temperature of the cooling water so that users can monitor the temperature of the diesel engine on Web Mobile. The test results obtained, the temperature sensor has an average temperature reading error of 0.031004%. Diesel engines with controlled solenoid valve cooling systems can produce ideal temperatures compared to when the solenoid valve is open (using the radiator continuously) or when the solenoid valve is Closed (without using a radiator). When the solenoid is controlled the engine temperature can be ideal because the solenoid valve opening and closing system has the lowest temperature of 56.34oC and the highest temperature of only 80.85oC.

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