scholarly journals Premature Ejaculation Symptoms Are Associated with Sexual Excitability: Empirical Support for the Hyperarousability Model

Sexes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Daniel Ventus ◽  
Patrick Jern
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Premature Ejaculation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sexual Excitation ◽  
Sexual Stimuli ◽  
Dual Control Model

Premature ejaculation (PE) is a common sexual complaint among men, but its etiology is poorly understood. Previous studies on the dual control model of sexuality has revealed that propensities for sexual excitation and inhibition can contribute to sexual dysfunctions, but few studies have included a measure of premature ejaculation. We sought to explore whether PE is associated with sexual excitation or inhibition. We applied structural equation models to data from a large population-based sample of Finnish adult men. The analyses supported a four-factor solution for the sexual inhibition/sexual excitation short-form scale. The clearest result was that increased symptoms of PE were associated with a greater propensity for sexual excitation (β = 151, p < 001, n = 2953). Importantly, this excitation was intrapersonal, as opposed to stemming from social activities. The results imply that men with PE may have stronger and more rapid reactions to sexual stimuli, which in turn may lead to ejaculating earlier than desired.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with prevalence of developmental language disorders, but not rate of language or literacy growth in children from 4 to 11 years: evidence from the Surrey Communication and Language in Education Study (SCALES)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtenay Norbury ◽  
Sarah Louise Griffiths ◽  
George Vamvakas ◽  
Gillian Baird ◽  
Tony Charman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Developmental Language Disorders

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to determine the changing prevalence of developmental language disorders at different quintiles of the Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index (IDACI), a measure of neighbourhood deprivation. In addition, this study investigated the long term association of IDACI rank with growth in language and literacy skills for children with and without language disorder over a six year period.Design. Prospective, population-based, longitudinal cohort study.Setting. State-maintained primary schools in Surrey, England.Participants and procedure. Teachers rated the language skills of 7267 children starting a state-maintained school in 2011 (aged 4;9-5;10, 59% of all eligible children). Comprehensive language and literacy assessment was conducted with a monolingual sub-sample in Year 1 (n = 529, age 5-6), Year 3 (n = 499, age 7-8), and Year 6 (n = 384, age 10-11).Analytic methods. Logistic regression determined the association of IDACI scores and teacher-rated language proficiency. Structural Equation Models using auxiliary variables estimated the association of IDACI and prevalence of developmental Language Disorder (LD) in Year 1, and IDACI and language and literacy growth from Years 1 – 6.Results. Predicted probability of language disorder was 2.5 times greater at the 10th centile of IDACI rank (.19 [.11, .27]) versus the 90th centile (.07 [.04, .09]). IDACI rank did not associate with growth in raw scores on measures of vocabulary, grammar, or word reading. Socioeconomic gaps in vocabulary and grammar were ameliorated when language status at school entry was accounted for, but persisted for word reading. Conclusions. The association of neighbourhood disadvantage with language and literacy primarily reflects higher rates of language disorder in areas of socio-economic deprivation. Interventions that alleviate deprivation and enhance the language and literacy experiences of disadvantaged children could reduce socioeconomic attainment gaps. However, the persistence of language disorder suggests on-going support is required to attenuate personal and societal cost.

scholarly journals Bidirectional pathways between psychosocial risk factors and paranoid ideation in a general nonclinical population

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Aino Saarinen ◽  
Niklas Granö ◽  
Mirka Hintsanen ◽  
Terho Lehtimäki ◽  
C. Robert Cloninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Paranoid Ideation ◽  
Reciprocal Interactions ◽  
Predictive Relationships

Abstract We investigated (a) whether psychosocial factors (experienced stress, anticipatory worry, social detachment, sleeping disturbances, alcohol use) predict the course of paranoid ideation between the ages of 24 to 50 years and (b) whether the predictive relationships are more likely to proceed from the psychosocial factors to paranoid ideation, or vice versa. The participants (N = 1534–1553) came from the population-based Young Finns study. Paranoid ideation and psychosocial factors were assessed by reliable self-report questionnaires in 2001, 2007, and 2011/2012. The data were analyzed using growth curve and structural equation models. High experienced stress, anticipatory worry, social detachment, frequent sleeping disturbances, and frequent alcohol use predicted more paranoid ideation. More risk factors predicted increasing paranoid ideation. There were bidirectional predictive relationships of paranoid ideation with experienced stress, anticipatory worry, social detachment, and sleeping disturbances. The link between alcohol use and paranoid ideation was only correlative. In conclusion, paranoid ideation increases by reciprocal interactions with stress, worry, social detachment, and sleeping disturbances. The findings support the threat–anticipation model of paranoid ideation, providing important implications for treatment of paranoia.

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Influences on the Correlations between Traits of Metabolic Syndrome and CKD

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1590-1596
Author(s):  
Xu Chen ◽  
Istiak Bhuiyan ◽  
Ralf Kuja-Halkola ◽  
Patrik K. E. Magnusson ◽  
Per Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Population Based ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Genes And Environment

Background and objectivesMetabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors associated with CKD. By studying the genetic and environmental influences on how traits of metabolic syndrome correlate with CKD, the understanding of the etiological relationships can be improved.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsFrom the population-based TwinGene project within the Swedish Twin Registry, 4721 complete twin pairs (9442 European ancestry participants) were included in this cross-sectional twin study. Metabolic syndrome-related continuous traits were measured, and the binary components as well as the status of metabolic syndrome were defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III. The eGFR was calculated by cystatin C-based equations from the CKD epidemiology collaboration group, and CKD was defined by eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Genetic and environmental contributions to the correlations between traits of metabolic syndrome and CKD were estimated by using twin-based bivariate structural equation models.ResultsThe correlation between metabolic syndrome and eGFR-defined CKD was 0.16 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.12 to 0.20), out of which 51% (95% CI, 12% to 90%) was explained by genes, whereas 15% (95% CI, 0% to 42%) and 34% (95% CI, 16% to 52%) was explained by the shared and nonshared environment, respectively. The genetic and environmental correlations between metabolic syndrome and CKD were 0.29 (95% CI, 0.07 to 0.51) and 0.27 (95% CI, 0.13 to 0.41), respectively. For the correlation between abdominal obesity and eGFR, 69% (95% CI, 10% to 100%) was explained by genes and 23% (95% CI, 5% to 41%) was explained by environment. The genetic correlation between abdominal obesity and eGFR was −0.30 (95% CI, −0.54 to −0.06), whereas the environmental correlation was −0.14 (95% CI, −0.22 to −0.06).ConclusionsBoth genes and environment contribute to the correlation between metabolic syndrome and eGFR-defined CKD. The genetic contribution is particularly important to the correlation between abdominal obesity and eGFR.

Pathways Between Acculturation and Health

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Y. Miranda ◽  
Hector M. González ◽  
Wassim Tarraf
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

The purpose of this study was to assess the association between acculturation and functional health using multiple proxies of acculturation to examine explanatory pathways to clarify disparate health findings. A population-based cross-sectional, multistage probability sample from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly ( N = 3,050) was used. The dependent variables of neuropsychiatric function were depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale [CES-D]) and cognitive function (mini-mental state examination [MMSE]) examined in separate multivariable regression and structural equation models to examine the pathways between acculturation proxies and neuropsychiatric function. Findings indicated that three acculturation proxies were associated with cognitive function but none were associated with depressive symptoms. English proficiency fully mediated the associations between other acculturation proxies and cognitive function. The findings suggest that language plays a central role in the pathway between acculturation and health among Mexican-origin populations.

scholarly journals Validación de las Escalas de Inhibición y Excitación Sexual (SIS/SES-SF) en colombianos

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Alejandro Saavedra-Roa ◽  
Pablo Vallejo-Medina
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Sexual Functioning ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
Premature Ejaculation ◽  
Massachusetts General Hospital ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Sexual Inhibition ◽  
Sexual Excitation

Las escalas SIS/SES-SF han sido desarrolladas para medir la inhibición y la excitación sexual. El objetivo del presente estudio fue adaptar y validar estas escalas en población colombiana. Para esto, se realizó la adaptación cultural y validación de contenido de las escalas por medio del juicio de siete expertos, y se validaron psicométricamente sobre una muestra de 2125 participantes (1000 hombres y 1125 mujeres). Los hombres contestaron al International Index of Erectile Function y la Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool; mientras que el total de la muestra contestó al Sexual Desire Inventory, al Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire y a la Sexual Inhibition/Sexual Excitation Scales-Short Form, todo ello junto a una batería sociodemográfica. El muestreo se realizó de forma virtual a través de Facebook. Los índices de las escalas mostraron una apropiada validez y fiabilidad. Además, para ambos sexos, las escalas mostraron un nivel de invarianza estricto. Las relaciones significativas con las otras medidas dan cuenta de su validez de criterio. Se sugiere el uso del instrumento para continuar con la investigación del Modelo de Control Dual dentro de la sexualidad en Latinoamérica.

Media Richness Theory and the Intention to Use Online Stores

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
Eric Brunelle
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Media Richness ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Media Richness Theory ◽  
Purchase Process ◽  
Online Stores

Although media richness theory has received considerable empirical support in explaining individual channel use and could provide important insights into the explanation of e-consumer behavior, no studies have validated this theory in explaining consumers’ intentions to use online stores. Therefore, the objective of this study was to empirically test media richness theory in explaining consumers’ intentions to use online stores in their purchase process. An online survey was carried out and data from 749 consumers was collected and analyzed using structural equation models. The results open up a new way of explaining consumers’ intentions to use online stores, as they provide empirical support for media richness theory in a commercial context and link it with the theory of planned behavior.

Construct Validity of the Questionnaire on Experience with Skin Complaints (Short Form)

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horst Müller ◽  
Thomas Brockow ◽  
Annegret Franke ◽  
Karl-Ludwig Resch ◽  
Iris Tatjana Calliess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Chronic Skin

Abstract. Introduction: Feelings of stigmatization can strongly influence quality of life in individuals with chronic skin diseases. The Short-Form of the Questionnaire on Experience with Skin Complaints (SF-QES) differentiates four factors of stigmatization: self-esteem and retreat, experienced refusal, concealment, and composure. The current study aimed to investigate the construct validity of the SF-QES. Method: The analysis was based on the complete SF-QES records of a clinical psoriasis trial, which yielded 1,005 records at baseline, 1,010 records at the end of therapy, and 885 and 827 records, respectively, at two follow-ups. Factor analyses and corresponding structural equation models (SEMs) using robust maximum likelihood estimation (RML) were applied. Additionally, the responsiveness of the scales to judgments of treatment success and two different interventions were compared. Results: The factor analyses provided results that widely agreed with the supposed four factors. SEM, however, showed moderately insufficient fit for this model, but supported five factors and the discrimination between affected self-esteem and retreat. The retreat scale was clearly most responsive to treatment success and intervention type. Conclusion: The construct validity of the SF-QES was largely supported, but the factor retreat should be separated from affected self-esteem and is most sensitive to physical intervention.

Media Richness Theory and the Intention to Use Online Stores

2012 ◽  
pp. 156-173
Author(s):  
Eric Brunelle
Keyword(s):  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Media Richness ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Media Richness Theory ◽  
Purchase Process ◽  
Online Stores

Although media richness theory has received considerable empirical support in explaining individual channel use and could provide important insights into the explanation of e-consumer behavior, no studies have validated this theory in explaining consumers’ intentions to use online stores. Therefore, the objective of this study was to empirically test media richness theory in explaining consumers’ intentions to use online stores in their purchase process. An online survey was carried out and data from 749 consumers was collected and analyzed using structural equation models. The results open up a new way of explaining consumers’ intentions to use online stores, as they provide empirical support for media richness theory in a commercial context and link it with the theory of planned behavior.

scholarly journals Intelligence and neuroticism in relation to depression and psychological distress: Evidence from two large population cohorts

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.B. Navrady ◽  
S.J. Ritchie ◽  
S.W.Y. Chan ◽  
D.M. Kerr ◽  
M.J. Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ability Tests ◽  
Risk For Depression

AbstractBackground:Neuroticism is a risk factor for selected mental and physical illnesses and is inversely associated with intelligence. Intelligence appears to interact with neuroticism and mitigate its detrimental effects on physical health and mortality. However, the inter-relationships of neuroticism and intelligence for major depressive disorder (MDD) and psychological distress has not been well examined.Methods:Associations and interactions between neuroticism and general intelligence (g) on MDD, self-reported depression, and psychological distress were examined in two population-based cohorts: Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study (GS:SFHS, n = 19,200) and UK Biobank (n = 90,529). The Eysenck Personality Scale Short Form-Revised measured neuroticism and g was extracted from multiple cognitive ability tests in each cohort. Family structure was adjusted for in GS:SFHS.Results:Neuroticism was strongly associated with increased risk for depression and higher psychological distress in both samples. Although intelligence conferred no consistent independent effects on depression, it did increase the risk for depression across samples once neuroticism was adjusted for. Results suggest that higher intelligence may ameliorate the association between neuroticism and self-reported depression although no significant interaction was found for clinical MDD. Intelligence was inversely associated with psychological distress across cohorts. A small interaction was found across samples such that lower psychological distress associates with higher intelligence and lower neuroticism, although effect sizes were small.Conclusions:From two large cohort studies, our findings suggest intelligence acts a protective factor in mitigating the effects of neuroticism on psychological distress. Intelligence does not confer protection against diagnosis of depression in those high in neuroticism.

scholarly journals Mediating pathways from central obesity to childhood asthma: a population-based longitudinal study

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 748-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
An-Hsuan Chih ◽  
Yang-Ching Chen ◽  
Yu-Kang Tu ◽  
Kuo-Chin Huang ◽  
Tai-Yuan Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Respiratory Outcomes ◽  
Mediating Pathways

The mediating pathways linking obesity and asthma are largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the mediating pathways and to search for the most prominent pathological mechanism between central obesity and childhood asthma.In the Taiwan Children Health Study, we collected data on an open cohort of children aged 9–13 years. Children's respiratory outcomes, atopic conditions, obesity measures and pulmonary function were surveyed annually between 2010 and 2012. Exhaled nitric oxide fraction concentrations were recorded in 2012. Generalised estimating equations and general linear models were used to examine the associations between central obesity, possible mediators and asthma. Structural equation models were applied to investigate the pathways that mediate the link between central obesity and asthma.Central obesity (waist-to-hip ratio) most accurately predicted childhood asthma. In the active asthma model, the percentage of mediation was 28.6% for pulmonary function, 18.1% for atopy and 5.7% for airway inflammation. The percentage of mediation for pulmonary function was 40.2% in the lifetime wheeze model. Pulmonary function was responsible for the greatest percentage of mediation among the three mediators in both models.Decline in pulmonary function is the most important pathway in central obesity related asthma. Pulmonary function screening should be applied to obese children for asthma risk prediction.

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