scholarly journals Implications of Educational Policy-Making Which Encourages Schools to Collaborate with the Community, External Agencies, Private Companies, Employers and Voluntary Organisations

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Julia Everitt

Despite the move to state education, policy-makers since the early 1900s have encouraged the community, external agencies, private companies, employers and voluntary organisations to become involved in schools. The rationales for these collaborations are to address issues (e.g., delinquency, neglect, underachievement and low family support), which will be tackled through activities (e.g., extra-curricular clubs and one-to-one support) and to focus on the social aspects of schooling of wider audiences (e.g., adults). These activities are deemed as beneficial through implementation which is perceived to be issue free. Research is lacking with regard to how these policy responses are played out in practice and the perceptions of those involved. This paper reveals the individuals involved in four case study schools using an audit pro-forma, documentary analysis and interviews with school staff and external agencies. The findings highlight that several individuals were expected to deliver former statutory provision for free, but quality was a concern. Individuals may perceive that their activities contribute to the national curriculum, but staff had different perceptions. This paper reveals how policies are directing the individuals involved and their activities. There are questions over whose interests are intended to be served and the implications for pupils, parents, schools, communities and politicians.

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhat Güney ◽  
Bülent Kabaş ◽  
Fatih Çömlekçi

In this work, we attempt to examine the role of strategies like arts sponsorship and culturalism in the solution of immigrant youth issues around a specific immigrant place. This is a case study that focuses on the NaunynRitze Youth Centre in Berlin-Kreuzberg, which was presented as a successful example by policy makers and the public in the 1990s when the footsteps of the crisis of multiculturalism had begun to be heard in Germany. Our research shows that the social engineering strategies shaped around a multikulti production base are not permanent or sustainable as long as these institutions are also given the responsibility of eliminating the cycle of crime and violence in addition to promote individual artistic development and subcultural entities. As long as political figures and the public opinion continue to generally see the immigrant youth as a danger to the secure and untarnished development of society, it does not appear possible for the multiculturalism and the immigrant youth work system to develop.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 115-132
Author(s):  
Crislaine De Anunciação Roveda ◽  
Cristina Cavalli Bertolucci ◽  
João Alberto Da Silva

This study deals with the matter of evaluation in early childhood education concerning mathematical knowledge. It aims to identify which skills are prioritised in the evaluation of preschool classes from a public school. The methodological design is the Case Study, and it is based on the documentary analysis. Fifty-two descriptive evaluation documents elaborated by eight teachers were analysed, taking into account the objectives provided by the Brazilian National Curriculum for Early Childhood Education. The data indicate that most of the mathematical skills related to “Number and Numbering System”, “Greatness and Measures” and “Space and Shape” are evaluated and recorded in the documents. It is noteworthy the absence of references to the notions of successor and predecessor, comparison of numeric writings, the monetary system, and bi and three-dimensional representations of objects.


Author(s):  
Stijn Oosterlynck ◽  
Andreas Novy ◽  
Yuri Kazepov

In this chapter, we draw a range of overall conclusions from our case-study based investigation of how local social innovations operate as vehicles of welfare reform. We reflect on the impact of the increased interest of policy-makers in social innovation and on the relationship between social innovation and other social policy paradigms, notably the established paradigm of social protection and its main contender, the social investment paradigm. We also discuss our main findings with regard to the mix of actors, resources and instruments supporting localized social innovations, the multi-scalar nature social innovations, its empowerment dimension and relationship with knowledge. Finally, we look at the consolidation of social innovation in specific welfare-institutional contexts.


Author(s):  
Luz-Carina Durán-Solarte ◽  
Ángel Andrés Aguilar

El presente artículo analiza las condiciones de vulnerabilidad de una comunidad pesquera frente a los fenómenos meteorológicos extremos agravados por el cambio climático. Se utiliza la metodología cualitativa, con apoyo en métodos geográficos, y con base en un estudio de caso: la comunidad afrodescendiente La Barra, localizada en el litoral Pacífico colombiano, en la desembocadura del río San Juan. Al existir un acceso limitado a la comunidad por sus condiciones geográficas, además de los requisitos de bioseguridad establecidos por la pandemia de COVID-19, se realizan un análisis documental y mapas multitemporales, a partir de imágenes satelitales, para visualizar los cambios espaciales de la línea costera de La Barra durante los años 2001, 2011 y 2019. Asimismo, se realizan entrevistas a expertos académicos y pobladores de la comunidad. La vulnerabilidad es entendida desde la escuela de pensamiento de la ciencia del cambio climático y la investigación sobre adaptación. Se concluye que no solo depende de los estímulos climáticos, sino también de las condiciones racializadas y marginalizadas de poblaciones afro ubicadas en territorios rurales aislados. De tal manera, la naturaleza social y política de los fenómenos meteorológicos puede transformarlos en eventos catastróficos para poblaciones vulnerables.   Abstract This article analyses the vulnerability conditions of a fishing community facing the extreme meteorological phenomena aggravated by climate change. The methodology is qualitative, supported by geographic methods, based on the case study of the “La Barra afro-descendant community”, located in the Colombian Pacific Coast, in the mouth of San Juan River. As there is limited access to the community due to its geographical conditions, besides the biosecurity requirements due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a documentary analysis, as well as multi-temporal maps based on satellite images, show the spatial changes on the coastline of La Barra, during the years 2001, 2011 and 2019. In addition to the above, interviews with academic experts and community residents are conducted. The term “vulnerability” is understood from the school of thought of climate change science and adaptation research. It is concluded that the vulnerability not only depends on climatic stimuli but also on the racialized and marginalized conditions of Afro populations located in isolated rural territories. In that way, the social and political nature of the meteorological phenomena could transform them in catastrophic events for vulnerable populations.


Author(s):  
Kathy Canfield-Davis ◽  
Sachin Jain

The purpose of this descriptive, single case study was to provide knowledge and insight about state education policy-making, specifically, the process by which education-related bills pass through a legislature. This study was also designed to identify factors of influence shaping legislative decision-making as perceived by lawmakers and observers of the legislative process. Sources of evidence included interviews, direct observation, archival records, public records documentation, and tape recordings of committee meetings and Senate floor sessions. Results show that a bill's fate is subject to many planned and unplanned sequential steps, and to a collection of diverse personalities that drive the legislative process. Trust forms the foundation upon which other factors depend including bill sponsors, party leadership, lobbyists, fellow legislators, and constituents.


Author(s):  
Alessandra Como ◽  
Luisa Smeragliuolo Perrotta ◽  
Carlo Vece

If the morphology and the studies on the urban form are closely related to the social aspects and are responsibility of architects and policy makers, the issue becomes even more complicated if we're talking about cities with a high number of buildings under public ownership or urban fragments with important dimensions. In Italy there is a very rare case of recent foundation that is the neighborhood Monteruscello in the city of Pozzuoli. Built in the 80s to face the bradisism events that had made uninhabitable other city areas, Monteruscello today, for its dimension, can be considered a "city in the city" where the 90% of the buildings are under public ownership. The neighborhood's project is designed by Agostino Renna who had built Monteruscello through analogical composition with fragments of spatial references of other places and cities. The architect has put in the neighborhood - mainly made up of rural areas - its urban model adapting it to the specific geography of places. During the years the neighborhood has never built an own identity becoming one of the most degraded areas of the city. The paper deals with the issue of urban form and morphology today starting from the study of Monteruscello - as imagined by its creator through the critical issues that underlie its design - and through an experimental design of a new agro-urban landscape for the neighborhood that involves three hectares of public green spaces - now abandoned - turning them into agricultural lands to urban use and growth resource. References Renna, A. (ed.) (1980) L’illusione e i cristalli : immagini di architettura per una terra di provincia (Clear, Roma) Giglia, A. (1997) Crisi e ricostruzione di uno spazio urbano : dopo il bradisismo a Pozzuoli : una ricerca antropologica su Monteruscello (Guerini, Milano) Capozzi, R. (ed.) (2016) Agostino Renna : la forma della città (Clean, Napoli) Pagano, L. (ed) (2012) Agostino Renna : rimontaggio di un pensiero sulla conoscenza dell’architettura : antologia di scritti e progetti 1964-1988 (Clean, Napoli)


Author(s):  
مهدي بن مسعود (Mahdi Bin Masud) ◽  
مرصوفة عبد الجليل (Marsufah Abdul Jalil)

ملخص البحث:إن عملية التعليم والتعلم عملية مستمرة، ومتطورة ما دامت الحياة التعليمية قائمة، وهي متطورة بتطور الحياة الاجتماعية، لذا نجد المهتمين بالتعليم يعكفون من وقت لآخر على دراسة المناهج، وما يرتبط بها من مواد تعليمية، وموارد بشرية وغيرها بغية تطويرها والرقي بها. وفي مجال تعليم اللغة بوصفها لغة ثانية  أو أجنبية فإن عملية تعليمها تحتاج إلى مراجعة ودراسة سواء أكانت على مستوى طرق التعليم ووسائله، أم في منهج التدريس وكتبه، أم هيئة التدريس والمسؤولين عنها، وزمن التعلم ومدته. ومن هنا وقع اختيار الباحثين على موضوع تقويم مدى قوة برنامج تعليم اللغة العربية للماليزيين الكبار وفعاليته. سعى هذا البحث عبر المنهج الوصفي الاستقرائي التحليلي إلى الإجابة عن السؤال الرئيس: ما مدى فعالية برنامج التعليم للمتعلمين؟ وقد طرح الباحثان استبيانا على عينة من الدارسين قدرها 42 دارسا، وقد أفضت الدراسة إلى نتائج متعددة من أهمها: أن البرنامج فعّال، والأمور التي يراعيها هذا البرنامج من زمن التدريس، ومكانه، وهيئة التدريس، وعدد المتعلمين في الفصول الدراسية، والمواد التعليمية، وطرق التعليم ووسائله، ورسوم التعليم تشبع حاجات المتعلمين وميولهم، ويقبلون على الدراسة بانشراح غير أن الباحثين يوصيان بإعادة النظر في بعض النواحي المتعلقة بطرق التعليم، واستخدام وسائله من أجل تطوير البرنامج.  الكلمات المفتاحية: الكبار- المواد- الوسائل- الطريقة- البرنامج.Abstract: Learning and teaching are continuous and progressive processes as long as there is education in life. It developed in tandem with the social life; therefore, educationists keep on reviewing periodically the syllabus and what relates to the teaching materials, the human resources and other relevant aspects for improvement and development. In the field of teaching Arabic as a second or foreign language, its process needs reviewing and studying either on the level of its teaching methods, syllabus, textbooks, the teaching staff, the policy makers and the period of teaching  or learning. The researchers of this paper chose to study the effectiveness of the program of teaching Arabic to adults. Through descriptive, deductive and analytical methods, this paper attempts to answer the primary question: What is the effectiveness of teaching Arabic to adults. A set of questionnaire was distributed and 42 respondents returned the survey. Among the most important conclusions: that the program was effective. Matters related to the program such as class time and period, venue, teaching staff, number of teachers, teaching materials, fees and teaching methods seem to satisfy the students and their interest. The reseachers recommend that there were rooms for improvement especially what relates to teaching methods in order to improve the program.Keywords: Adults– Materials– Methods– Approach– Program.Abstrak:Pengajaran dan pembelajaran merupakan satu proses yang berterusan dan berkembang selama mana pendidikan wujud dalam kehidupan, malah ia berkembang seiring dengan perkembangan masyarakat. Oleh itu, suatu yang tidak menghairankan apabila kita lihat ahli akademik sentiasa membuat kajian terhadap sukatan pelajaran, bahan pengajaran, tenaga pengajar dan semua aspek yang berkaitan dengan pembelajaran dari masa ke semasa supaya dapat mempertingkatkan kualiti pendidikan. Bagi Bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa kedua atau bahasa asing, proses pengajarannya memerlukan kajian lanjut dan penelitian semula sama ada melibatkan kaedah pengajaran, sukatan pelajaran, buku teks, tenaga pengajar, penggubal dasar atau tempoh pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Oleh yang demikian, dalam makalah ini penyelidik memilih untuk menilai dan mengkaji keberkesanan modul pengajaran Bahasa Arab untuk orang dewasa. Melalui pendekatan deskriptif, deduktif dan analisis, makalah ini berusaha untuk menjawab soalan utama: Sejauh mana keberkesanan modul pengajaran Bahasa Arab untuk orang dewasa? Borang soal selidik telah diedarkan kepada 42 orang pelajar dewasa bukan Arab sebagai responden. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa modul pengajaran Bahasa Arab untuk orang dewasa adalah efektif kerana perkara-perkara yang berkaitan dengan modul seperti tempoh dan tempat pembelajaran, tenaga pengajar, bilangan pelajar dalam satu kelas, bahan pengajaran, yuran dan kaedah pembelajaran didapati memuaskan hati mereka. Walau bagaimanapun, penyelidik mencadangkan agar penelitian semula dibuat terhadap beberapa aspek yang berkaitan dengan cara dan kaedah pengajaran supaya penambahbaikan dapat dilakukan.      Kata knci: Orang dewasa- Bahan pengajaran- Kaedah Pengajaran- Pendekatan- Modul.


2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Holden

The increasing trend towards the internationalization of the world economy coupled with the liberalizing agenda of international institutions and Western governments has profound implications for the delivery of health and other welfare services. As governments pursue policies which extend the scope for the involvement of private companies in the delivery of welfare services, processes of internationalization are likely to become increasingly important to such services as multinational providers emerge. This article begins the process of developing a systematic understanding of the relationships between the structure of welfare states, the social and economic policies of governments and international institutions, and the strategies and interests of private companies. It is argued that it is the particular mix of direct state provision, tax/subsidy, and regulation in the welfare state formation that provides the opportunities for, or barriers to, the expansion of internationalizing private providers of healthcare. This argument is illustrated through a case study of the current process of reform in the British healthcare system, where a relative shift away from direct state provision towards subsidizing and regulating private providers is facilitating a process of internationalization.


2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Mare Müürsepp

Social Aspects of Education for Sustainable Development in Primary School in EstoniaThe purpose of the article is to analyse the circumstances of applying of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in Estonian educational actuality. Empirical part of the study comprehends a comparative content analysis of UNECE strategy of ESD and the chapters of the text of the Estonian National Curriculum valid from 2002. The discussion concentrates on the social aspects of ESD because their significance was pointed out by the experts of ESD. The topic of the article is confined to the issues concerning the primary education, i.e. the grades from 1st to 3rd. Conclusions are made about the opportunities to apply ESD more effectively than at present. Statements of experts on textbooks and curriculum have been taken into account as additional sources besides the documentary analysis.


2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Weiss ◽  
Henry May

As test-based educational accountability has moved to the forefront of national and state education policy, so has the desire for better measures of school performance. No Child Left Behind's (NCLB) status and safe harbor measures have been criticized for being unfair and unreliable, respectively. In response to such criticism, in 2005 the federal government announced the Growth Model Pilot Program, which permits states to use projection models (a type of growth model) in their accountability systems. This article uses historical longitudinal data from a large school district to empirically show the inaccuracy of one state's projection model, to demonstrate how projection models are very similar to NCLB's original status measure, and to contrast projection models with value-added models. As policy makers debate the reauthorization of NCLB, this research can provide guidance on ways to improve the current measurement of school performance.


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