scholarly journals Impact of Red Spinach Extract Supplementation on Bench Press Performance, Muscle Oxygenation, and Cognitive Function in Resistance-Trained Males

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
James T. Haynes ◽  
Jeremy R. Townsend ◽  
Marko A. Aziz ◽  
Megan D. Jones ◽  
Laurel A. Littlefield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Muscle Oxygenation ◽  
Performance Ratings ◽  
Spinach Extract ◽  
Press Performance ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of short-term dietary nitrate supplementation, in the form of red spinach extract (RSE), on bench press performance, muscle oxygenation, and cognitive function in resistance-trained males. Ten resistance-trained males participated in this randomized, cross-over, placebo-controlled, double-blind investigation. Each participant completed 7 days of either RSE (2 g; 180 mg NO3−) or a maltodextrin placebo (PL) in a counterbalanced fashion with a 14-day washout between treatments. During experimental visits, participants were provided their 8th and last dose of RSE or PL 40 min before completing 5 sets of the barbell bench press exercise to failure at 75% of a predetermined 1-repetition maximum with 2 min rest intervals. Mean and peak power were recorded via a linear transducer. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was implemented to estimate muscle oxygenation, a Stroop Test was used to assess cognitive function, and subjective performance ratings were obtained in relation to the acute resistance exercise sessions. Data were analyzed via separate repeated measures analyses of variance. There were no time by group interactions for bench press repetitions (p = 0.549), peak power (p = 0.061), or mean power (p = 0.877) across the 5 sets of bench press. Additionally, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed for any measure of muscle oxygenation, Stroop performance, or subjective performance ratings. It appears that 7 days of RSE supplementation did not alter performance, muscle oxygenation, nor Stroop scores during or following the bench press exercise in resistance-trained males.

scholarly journals The Acute Effects of Different Forms of Suspension Push‐Ups on Oxygen Consumption, Salivary Testosterone and Cortisol and Isometric Strength

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bellar ◽  
Cory Etheredge ◽  
Lawrence W. Judge
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Hands And Feet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Push Up

Abstract Suspension exercise systems are being used in strength and conditioning facilities, fitness centers, rehabilitation centers and home gyms. Though some evidence exists regarding the impact of training with these systems, more work is needed for a better understanding. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the acute effects of an exercise session with 2 (hands only) and 4 straps (hands and feet) in the push-up exercise compared to a work-matched bench press exercise session. The participants for this repeated measures, cross-over investigation were 18 healthy college-aged males (age: 24.8 ± 3.5 yrs, body mass: 81.8 ± 7.8 kg, body height: 178.9 ± 4.5 cm). The conditions were 6 sets of 10 repetitions of suspension push-ups using two straps (DUAL) for the hands, fours straps (QUAD) for hands and feet and a traditional bench press exercise matched to the average resistance during the suspension push-up. The participants performed all repetitions at a controlled cadence. Expired gases, and heart rate were monitored continuously during the exercise session. Pre and post exercise saliva samples were collected to quantify changes in testosterone and cortisol. Upper body isometric strength tests ( UBIST) were performed (Post, 1 hr, 24 hr, 48 hr) to evaluate changes in force production during recovery. Data analysis via repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant trend for increased oxygen consumption in the QUAD condition compared to the bench press (p = 0.019). Additionally, both suspension conditions resulted in a reduced respiratory exchange ratio as compared to the bench press (p < 0.05). A significant main effect was noted for time in all conditions regarding isometric strength (p < 0.001), but no differences between conditions were revealed. Testosterone and cortisol responses did not differ between conditions. Based upon these data, it appears that when matched for work, suspension exercise results in equivalent reductions in muscle force, but greater oxygen consumption compared to isotonic exercise.

scholarly journals 4 Impact of potassium application and harvest regime in alfalfa yield, forage quality and stand persistence in South Georgia

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 15-16
Author(s):  
Britta Thinguldstad ◽  
Jennifer J Tucker ◽  
Lisa Baxter ◽  
Jacob R Segers
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Harvest Timing ◽  
Potassium Application ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Potassium fertilization and harvest timing can both impact stand life of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). In the Southeast, high temperatures and humidity often influence harvest timing and fertilization. Current nutrient management and harvest recommendations are generated from research conducted in northern climates with different varieties. The objective of this trial is to determine the impact of potassium fertilization and harvest regime on stand persistence, forage yield, and quality of ‘Bulldog 805’ alfalfa in the Southeast. This study was conducted at the Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton, GA, on a two-year-old stand of ‘Bulldog 805’ alfalfa planted fall 2015. Plots were randomly assigned using a split block design. Main plots were harvest treatment: bud, and 10, 30, and 50% bloom stage. Plots were subdivided to examine K fertilization at rates: 0, 67, 101, 134, and 168 kg/ha, split 3 times throughout the season. Plots were visually assessed each harvest to determine ground cover and percent bloom. Fifty shoots were collected to evaluate leaf:stem and mass:shoot ratio, and yield was determined through harvest using a Swift forage harvester. Grab samples were collected for nutritional analysis using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Data was analyzed using the PROC GLIMMIX of SAS with repeated measures analysis option at a = 0.05. Leaf:stem ratio was not significant for all main effects (P > 0.46). Harvest treatment had an effect on yield, with 10% bloom greater than bud stage (1,321 kg/ha and 1,104 kg/ha, respectively; P = 0.04). Crude protein levels were the greatest in bud stage and lowest with 50% bloom (22.8% and 21.2%; P < 0.01). Total digestible nutrients were greater in bud and 10% bloom compared to 30% and 50% (65% and 63%, respectively; P < 0.01). Potassium application and harvest regime can impact alfalfa growth. Funding for this project was provided by USDA-NIFA-AFRP grant #2016-70005-25653.

scholarly journals No Influence of Nonivamide-nicoboxil on the Peak Power Output in Competitive Sportsmen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Schörkmaier ◽  
Yvonne Wahl ◽  
Christian Brinkmann ◽  
Wilhelm Bloch ◽  
Patrick Wahl
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Muscle Oxygenation ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Placebo Cream

AbstractRecent studies have shown that the oxygenated hemoglobin level can be enhanced during rest through the application of nonivamide-nicoboxil cream. However, the effect of nonivamide-nicoboxil cream on oxygenation and endurance performance under hypoxic conditions is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nonivamide-nicoboxil cream on local muscle oxygenation and endurance performance under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. In a cross-over design, 13 athletes (experienced cyclists or triathletes [age: 25.2±3.5 years; VO2max 62.1±7.3 mL·min−1·kg−1]) performed four incremental exercise tests on the cycle ergometer under normoxic or hypoxic conditions, either with nonivamide-nicoboxil or placebo cream. Muscle oxygenation was recorded with near-infrared spectroscopy. Capillary blood samples were taken after each step, and spirometric data were recorded continuously. The application of nonivamide-nicoboxil cream increased muscle oxygenation at rest and during different submaximal workloads as well as during physical exhaustion, irrespective of normoxic or hypoxic conditions. Overall, there were no significant effects of nonivamide-nicoboxil on peak power output, maximal oxygen uptake or lactate concentrations. Muscle oxygenation is significantly higher with the application of nonivamide-nicoboxil cream. However, its application does not increase endurance performance.

scholarly journals The Acute Post-Activation Performance Enhancement of the Bench Press Throw in Disabled Sitting Volleyball Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3818
Author(s):  
Michal Krzysztofik ◽  
Patryk Matykiewicz ◽  
Diana Celebanska ◽  
Jakub Jarosz ◽  
Eliza Gawel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bar Velocity ◽  
Post Hoc

The purpose of the present study was to examine the acute effects of the bench press exercise with predetermined velocity loss percentage on subsequent bench press throw (BPT) performance with raised legs or feet on the floor among disabled, sitting volleyball players. Twelve elite sitting volleyball athletes (age = 33 ± 9 years; body mass = 84.7 ± 14.7 kg; relative bench press maximum strength = 1.0 ± 0.3 kg/body mass) took part in this study. The experiment was performed following a randomized crossover design, where each participant performed a single set of bench press with a 60% one-repetition maximum (1RM) to a 10% decrease of mean bar velocity as a conditioning activity (CA). The BPT with a 60%1RM was performed to assess changes in peak power (PP), peak velocity (PV) before and after the CA. The differences between analyzed variables before and after the CA were verified using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (condition × time; 2 × 2). The ANOVA showed a significant main effect of time for peak bar velocity (p = 0.03; η2 = 0.312) and peak power output (p = 0.037; η2 = 0.294). The post hoc comparison showed a significant increase in post-CA peak bar velocity and peak power for raised legs condition in comparison with pre-CA value (p = 0.02, p = 0.041, respectively). The present study showed that the subsequent BPT performed with raised legs could be enhanced by the bench press with a 60% 1RM to a 10% mean bar velocity decrease as a CA among disabled sitting volleyball players. Therefore, athletes and coaches can consider performing a bench press throw with raised legs without compromising performance.

Effects of acute hypoxia on cerebral and muscle oxygenation during incremental exercise

2007 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Subudhi ◽  
Andrew C. Dimmen ◽  
Robert C. Roach
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cerebral Oxygenation ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Incremental Exercise ◽  
Muscle Oxygenation ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle

To determine if fatigue at maximal aerobic power output was associated with a critical decrease in cerebral oxygenation, 13 male cyclists performed incremental maximal exercise tests (25 W/min ramp) under normoxic (Norm: 21% FiO2) and acute hypoxic (Hypox: 12% FiO2) conditions. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to monitor concentration (μM) changes of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin (Δ[O2Hb], Δ[HHb]) in the left vastus lateralis muscle and frontal cerebral cortex. Changes in total Hb were calculated (Δ[THb] = Δ[O2Hb] + Δ[HHb]) and used as an index of change in regional blood volume. Repeated-measures ANOVA were performed across treatments and work rates (α = 0.05). During Norm, cerebral oxygenation rose between 25 and 75% peak power output {Powerpeak; increased (inc) Δ[O2Hb], inc. Δ[HHb], inc. Δ[THb]}, but fell from 75 to 100% Powerpeak {decreased (dec) Δ[O2Hb], inc. Δ[HHb], no change Δ[THb]}. In contrast, during Hypox, cerebral oxygenation dropped progressively across all work rates (dec. Δ[O2Hb], inc. Δ[HHb]), whereas Δ[THb] again rose up to 75% Powerpeak and remained constant thereafter. Changes in cerebral oxygenation during Hypox were larger than Norm. In muscle, oxygenation decreased progressively throughout exercise in both Norm and Hypox (dec. Δ[O2Hb], inc. Δ [HHb], inc. Δ[THb]), although Δ[O2Hb] was unchanged between 75 and 100% Powerpeak. Changes in muscle oxygenation were also greater in Hypox compared with Norm. On the basis of these findings, it is unlikely that changes in cerebral oxygenation limit incremental exercise performance in normoxia, yet it is possible that such changes play a more pivotal role in hypoxia.

scholarly journals Preexercise Cycling Protocol Alters Pacing Behavior in Competitive Time Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1303-1308
Author(s):  
Marco J. Konings ◽  
Florentina J. Hettinga
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The behavior of an opponent has been shown to alter pacing and performance. To advance our understanding of the impact of perceptual stimuli such as an opponent on pacing and performance, this study examined the effect of a preexercise cycling protocol on exercise regulation with and without an opponent. Methods: Twelve trained cyclists performed 4 experimental, self-paced 4-km time-trial conditions on an advanced cycle ergometer in a randomized, counterbalanced order. Participants started the time trial in rested state (RS) or performed a 10-min cycling protocol at 67% peak power output (CP) before the time trial. During the time trials, participants had to ride alone (NO) or against a virtual opponent (OP). The experimental conditions were (1) RS-NO, (2) RS-OP, (3) CP-NO, and (4) CP-OP. Repeated-measures analyses of variance (P < .05) were used to examine differences in pacing and performance in terms of power output. Results: A faster pace was adopted in the first kilometer during RS-OP (318 [72] W) compared with RS-NO (291 [81] W; P = .03), leading to an improved finishing time during RS-OP compared with RS-NO (P = .046). No differences in either pacing or performance were found between CP-NO and CP-OP. Conclusions: The evoked response by the opponent to adopt a faster initial pace in the 4-km time trial disappeared when cyclists had to perform a preceding cycling protocol. The outcomes of this study highlight that perceived exertion alters the responsiveness to perceptual stimuli of cyclists during competition.

scholarly journals Voices in Motion: How Social Singing Can Facilitate Psychological Health for Persons With Dementia and Caregivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 129-129
Author(s):  
Stuart MacDonald ◽  
Debra Sheets ◽  
Theresa Allison
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Dementia is a global public health priority that exerts significant impact on individuals, families, healthcare systems, and society. Worldwide, over 35 million individuals are estimated to have some subtype of dementia – a projection expected to triple by 2050. Despite progress, a cure for dementia remains elusive, and approved pharmacotherapies are selectively effective for but a limited duration. Increasingly, arts-based interventions for persons with dementia (PwD) and their caregivers are being recognized as inexpensive, non-invasive, and non-pharmacological lifestyle interventions with the potential to improve psychological function as well as reduce healthcare costs. This symposium overviews the Voices in Motion (ViM) study – a sociocognitive intervention exploring the impact of participation in an intergenerational choir on psychological, social, and cognitive function for PwD and their caregivers (n=32 dyads). PwD, caregivers, and local high school students sang in a professionally-conducted choir for as many as three seasons (each ~12 weeks long), spanning up to 18 months of follow-up. Employing an intensive repeated measures design, psychosocial, physiological, and cognitive function was measured every four to six weeks (up to 9 total assessments). The symposium papers provide a representative overview of the broad impact that this novel, non-pharmacological lifestyle intervention can offer vis-à-vis mitigating dementia symptoms and facilitating the psychological health of caregivers. Choir participation has important and significant impacts on psychosocial well-being and quality of life. Discussion focuses on policy implications and the need for community-based programs that reflect a social model for dementia and support living well through engaging and meaningful activities.

scholarly journals Can Post-Activation Performance Enhancement (PAPE) Improve Resistance Training Volume during the Bench Press Exercise?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Krzysztofik ◽  
Michal Wilk ◽  
Aleksandra Filip ◽  
Piotr Zmijewski ◽  
Adam Zajac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Bar Velocity

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) on resistance training volume during the bench press exercise (BP). The study included 12 healthy strength-trained males (age 25.2 ± 2.1 years, body mass 92.1 ± 8.7 kg, BP one-repetition maximum (1RM) 28.8 ± 10.5 kg, training experience 6.3 ± 2.1 years). Methods: The experiment was performed following a randomized crossover design, where each participant performed two different exercise protocols with a conditioning activity (CA) consisting of the BP with three sets of three repetitions at 85% 1RM (PAPE), and a control without the CA (CONT). To assess the differences between PAPE and CONT, the participants performed three sets of the BP to volitional failure at 60% 1RM. The differences in the number of performed repetitions (REP), time under tension (TUT), peak power output (PP), mean of peak power output (PPMEAN), mean power output (MP), peak bar velocity (PV), mean of peak bar velocity (PVMEAN), and mean bar velocity (MV) between the CONT and PAPE conditions were examined using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The post-hoc analysis for the main condition effect indicated significant increases in TUT (p < 0.01) for the BP following PAPE, compared to the CONT condition. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in TUT (p < 0.01) in the third set for PAPE compared to the CONT condition. No statistically significant main effect was revealed for REP, PP, PV, PPMEAN, PVMEAN, MP, and MV. Conclusion: The main finding of the study was that the PAPE protocol increased training volume based on TUT, without changes in the number of preformed REP.

scholarly journals 96 Impact of potassium application and harvest regime in alfalfa yield, forage quality and stand persistence in South Georgia

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 33-33
Author(s):  
Britta Thinguldstad ◽  
Jennifer J Tucker ◽  
Lisa Baxter ◽  
Jacob R Segers
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Harvest Timing ◽  
Potassium Application ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Potassium fertilization and harvest timing can both impact stand life of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). In the Southeast, high temperatures and humidity often influence harvest timing and fertilization. Current nutrient management and harvest recommendations are generated from research conducted in northern climates with different varieties. The objective of this trial is to determine the impact of potassium fertilization and harvest regime on stand persistence, forage yield, and quality of ‘Bulldog 805’ alfalfa in the Southeast. This study was conducted at the Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton, GA, on a two-year-old stand of ‘Bulldog 805’ alfalfa planted fall 2015. Plots were randomly assigned using a split block design. Main plots were harvest treatment: bud, and 10, 30 and 50% bloom stage. Plots were subdivided to examine K fertilization at rates: 0, 67, 101, 134 and 168 kg/ha, split 3 times throughout the season. Plots were visually assessed each harvest to determine ground cover and percent bloom. Fifty shoots were collected to evaluate leaf:stem and mass:shoot ratio, and yield was determined through harvest using a Swift forage harvester. Grab samples were collected for nutritional analysis using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Data was analyzed using the PROC GLIMMIX of SAS with repeated measures analysis option at a= 0.05. Leaf:stem ratio was not significant for all main effects (P > 0.46). Harvest treatment had an effect on yield, with 10% bloom greater than bud stage (1,321 kg/ha and 1,104 kg/ha, respectively; P = 0.04). Crude protein levels were the greatest in bud stage and lowest with 50% bloom (22.8% and 21.2%; P < 0.01). Total digestible nutrients were greater in bud and 10% bloom compared to 30% and 50% (65% and 63%, respectively; P < 0.01). Potassium application and harvest regime can impact alfalfa growth. Funding for this project was provided by USDA-NIFA-AFRP grant #2016-70005-25653.

The Effect of Grip Width on Bench Press Performance

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loree L. Wagner ◽  
Sharon A. Evans ◽  
Joseph P. Weir ◽  
Terry J. Housh ◽  
Glen O. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
First Order ◽  
Experienced Male ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Press Performance ◽  
Post Hoc

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of grip width, chest depth, limb lengths, and bar path on the performance of a maximal bench press. Subjects were 24 experienced male weight trainers. Bench press performance was assessed at six different grip widths (G1–G6). Repeated-measures ANOVA with Tukey post hoc comparisons revealed that bench press strength values at the two moderate grip widths (G3 and G4) were significantly greater than either the narrow or wide grip widths. First-order partial correlations showed no significant relationship between strength values and anthropometric variables when adjusted for differences in body weight. Standard two-dimensional cinematographic procedures were used to film a subsample (n = 6) while bench pressing using G1, G3, and G6. The results of the statistical comparisons of bar path indicated that as grip width increased, the horizontal and vertical distance from the bar to the shoulder decreased.

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