scholarly journals Optimal Thickness of Soil Cover for Reclaiming Subsided Land with Yellow River Sediments

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenqi Hu ◽  
Linghua Duo ◽  
Fang Shao
Keyword(s):  
River Sediment ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Optimal Thickness ◽  
Yellow River Sediment ◽  
Yellow River Sediments ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Different Thickness

The cultivated land area per capita in China is relatively small compared to the world average. However, most of the coal output is coming from underground mining, resulting in land subsidence and the destruction of existing cultivated land. The Yellow River is known as a ground-suspended river due to its large sediment concentration. Using unpolluted Yellow River sediment to reclaim the coal mine subsidence not only solves the problem of sediment deposition, but also solves the problem of shortage of filling material. Some experimental studies revealed low soil productivity as a result of thin soil cover. To ensure crop growth and production in land reconstructed with Yellow River sediments, determining the optimal thickness of soil cover over the sediment is extremely important. There were four experimental treatments and one control treatment. Each treatment was repeated three times. The control treatment was an original soil profile with 30 cm topsoil plus 110 cm subsoil. The four experimental treatments with different thickness of soil covers had the same thickness of topsoil (30 cm) and Yellow River sediments (60 cm), and different thickness of subsoil, which were 10, 30, 40, and 50 cm, respectively. Thus, the total thicknesses of soil cover (topsoil plus subsoil) were 40 cm, 60 cm, 70 cm, and 80 cm, respectively. The topsoil, subsoil, and Yellow River sediments were collected from Liangshan County. The soil type is fluvo-aquic. Maize (Zea mays L.) is the main crop in Liangshan County. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the growth of maize. The results showed that (1) the peroxidase (POD) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of maize leaf decreased with an increasing thickness of soil, while soluble protein (SP) and leaf relative water content (RWC) increased. (2) The dry biomasses of the shoot and root system in T70 and T80 were not significantly different from those in the control (3) Increased soil thickness is conducive to the storage of more water and available nutrients. Considering the time and cost of reconstruction, 70 cm is the optimal thickness of soil cover on Yellow River sediment to ensure maize growth.

scholarly journals Heavy Mineral Variability in the Yellow River Sediments as Determined by the Multiple-Window Strategy

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingfu Jin ◽  
Mengyao Wang ◽  
Wei Yue ◽  
Lina Zhang ◽  
Yanjun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Heavy Mineral ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Sediment ◽  
Yellow River Sediments ◽  
End Members

In this study, heavy mineral analysis was carried out in different size fractions of the Yellow River sediment to extract its end-members. It shows that heavy mineral contents, species, and compositions vary in different grain sizes. Distribution curve of heavy mineral concentration (HMC) and particle size frequency curve are in normal distribution. In most samples, the size fraction of 4.5–5.0 Φ contains the maximum HMC (18% on average). Heavy mineral assemblages of the Yellow River are featured by amphibole + epidote + limonite + garnet. Amphibole content is high in coarse fraction of >3.0 Φ and reaches its peak value in 3.5–4.5 Φ. Epidote is rich in a size fraction of >3.5 Φ, and increase as the particle size becomes fine. Micas content is high in coarse subsamples of <3.0 Φ, but almost absent in fine grains of >4.0 Φ. Metallic minerals (magnetite, ilmenite, hematite, and limonite) increase as the sediment particle size become fine, and reach the peak in silt (>4.0 Φ). Other minerals such as zircon, rutile, tourmaline, garnet, and apatite account for about 15%, and mainly concentrate in fine sediment. Further analysis reveals that similarity value between the most abundant grain size group and wide window grain size group is high (0.978 on average). The grain size of 4.0–5.0 Φ ± 0.5 Φ is suitable to carry out detrital mineral analysis in the Yellow River sediments. Our study helps to eliminate cognitive bias due to narrow grain size strategy, and to provide heavy mineral end-members of the Yellow River sediment for provenance discrimination in the marginal seas of East China.

Infiltration Characteristics of Topsoil in Reclamation Farmland Filled with Yellow River Sediment

2014 ◽  
Vol 988 ◽  
pp. 498-501
Author(s):  
Fang Shao ◽  
Dong Wen Liu ◽  
Shu Jiang ◽  
Zhi Yong Qiao ◽  
Shan Lin
Keyword(s):  
River Sediment ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
First Year ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
The Third ◽  
Yellow River Sediment ◽  
And Control

Infiltration is an important indicator of water and nutrient holding capacity of soil. Lap infiltration apparatus was used to measure vertical water infiltration process in the third year of Yellow River sediment filling reclamation. Five infiltration models were selected to fit the infiltration characteristic curves, analyzed the infiltration experimental results during 3 years of reclamation. The results showed that, the mean initial infiltration rate and mean stable infiltration rate of filling farmland in the third year were 17.06mm/min and 2.38mm/min, and were 8.81mm/min and 0.99 mm/min higher than that of the first year, 3.58mm/min and 0.39mm/min higher than that of the second year. It indicated that, infiltration rate of filling farmland increased significantly after cultivation due to the farming practices and roots development, and the role of soil microorganisms and small animals. Filling farmland has some self-recovery capabilities. In addition, Kostiakov model has better fitting effect than Mezencev model for both filling farmland and control farmland.

Mineralogy and geochemistry of modern Yellow River sediments: Implications for weathering and provenance

2018 ◽  
Vol 488 ◽  
pp. 76-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongli Pang ◽  
Baotian Pan ◽  
Eduardo Garzanti ◽  
Hongshan Gao ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow River ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Yellow River Sediments
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