scholarly journals Contest-Based and Norm-Based Interventions: (How) Do They Differ in Attitudes, Norms, and Behaviors?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Bergquist ◽  
Andreas Nilsson ◽  
Emma Ejelöv
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Electricity Saving ◽  
Electricity Conservation

Setting up a contest is a popular means to promote pro-environmental behaviors. Yet, research on contest-based interventions is scarce while norm-based interventions have gained much attention. In two field experiments, we randomly assigned 79 apartments to either a contest-based or a norm-based electricity conservation intervention and measured kWh usage for 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. Results from both studies showed that contest-based interventions promote intensive but short-lived electricity saving. In Study 1 apartments assigned to a norm-based intervention showed more stable electricity saving (low intensity and long-lasting). Study 2 did not replicate this finding, but supported that participants in the norm-based intervention also engaged in non-targeted behaviors. These results emphasize the importance of identifying how different intervention techniques may activate different goals, framing both how people think about and act upon targeted pro-environmental behaviors.

scholarly journals What Works for Whom? Investigating Adolescents’ Pro-Environmental Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7313
Author(s):  
Mykolas Simas Poškus
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
What Works ◽  
Clustering Approach ◽  
Predicting Behavior ◽  
Electricity Conservation

Pro-environmental behavior has been extensively studied using general models of predicting behavior; however, these models have very limited value in making inferences about individuals. To address this shortcoming, a person-oriented investigation of five pro-environmental behaviors differing in complexity was carried out using a clustering approach. A total of 863 adolescents (mean age 15.72 (SD = 1.1), 53.5% female) filled in the Big Five Inventory and measures of recycling, water conservation, electricity conservation, sustainable consumption, and sustainable transportation use based on an extended model of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). TPB models were investigated in empirically derived clusters of individuals that differ by their personality traits. The results suggest that individuals in different personality clusters could be reached effectively through different means when trying to promote pro-environmental behaviors and different pro-environmental behaviors should not be regarded as homogeneous.

The Negative Associations Between Materialism and Pro-Environmental Attitudes and Behaviors: Individual and Regional Evidence From China

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Gu ◽  
Shuqing Gao ◽  
Rong Wang ◽  
Jiang Jiang ◽  
Yan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Attitudes ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
World Value Survey ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Chinese General Social Survey

Previous studies have shown that materialism is related to environmentalism, but unstable findings still exist. To clarify the relationships between materialism and pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors, the present study addressed some methodological issues and provided both individual- and regional-level evidence from China. Using data from the World Value Survey and the Chinese General Social Survey, we observed that materialism was negatively associated with pro-environmental attitudes (Study 1, n = 2,300; Study 2, n = 3,672) and pro-environmental behaviors (Study 2). Moreover, we found that pro-environmental attitudes partially mediated the association between materialism and pro-environmental behaviors in Study 2. We further searched for additional regional evidence in Study 3, and we found that the more materialistic regions are, the more energy is consumed. Results indicate that materialism is associated with decreases in pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors. We conclude with a discussion of the theoretical and practical implications of the research findings.

The Relationship between Environmental Consciousness and Behaviors of Rural Households in Western Chinese

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 3519-3523
Author(s):  
Jun Yi Fan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Environmental Consciousness ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Statistics Analysis ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship

We survey 1106 rural households’ information concerning economical status and environmental consciousness in Ankang city, Shaanxi province. Descriptive statistics and model statistics analysis method is adopted to analyze the relationship among environmental awareness, environmental behaviors and incomes. Results show that the majority of farmers’ environmental consciousness and their behaviors have been greatly improved, and that their income has little significance with their environmental consciousness and environmental behaviors.

scholarly journals Residues of carbosulfan and its carbofuran metabolites and 3-hydroxy-carbofuran in oranges

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos José Trevisan ◽  
Gilberto Casadei de Baptista ◽  
Luiz Roberto Pimentel Trevizan ◽  
Geraldo Papa
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Residue Level ◽  
Fruit Consumption ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Maximum Residue Level ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus Detector ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Unique Application

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the residues of the insecticide carbosulfan and its carbofuran metabolites and 3-hydroxy-carbofuran in orange compartments (whole fruit, bagasse and juice) and comparison between the residual levels found in fruits with the maximum residue level and the safety interval established by the Brazilian legislation. Two field experiments were carried out, both with the following treatments: a-check; b-one application of 10 g of carbosulfan . 100 L-1 of water; c-one application with twice the rate applied in treatment b; d-four applications with the same rate applied in treatment b. Samples were taken at (-1), zero, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the last or unique application. The quantitative determinations were done by gas chromatography technique, using a nitrogen-phosphorus detector. The carbosulfan metabolism to its carbofuran metabolite was rapid (3 days), being both analytes concentrated in the bagasse (peel + flavedo + albedo). However, the metabolism of carbofuran to 3-hydroxy-carbofuran was of low intensity or this metabolite was quickly dissipated. Carbosulfan residues and its metabolites did not penetrate into the fruit, thus not contaminating the juice. The use of the pesticide was adequate, with respect to fruit consumption, in relation to the Brazilian legislation.

scholarly journals Measuring Environmental Attitudes and Behaviors

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-35
Author(s):  
Markus Hadler ◽  
Beate Klösch ◽  
Stephan Schwarzinger ◽  
Markus Schweighart ◽  
Rebecca Wardana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Environmental Attitudes ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
And Behaviors

AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of the theoretical approaches to environmental attitudes and behaviors. It includes a discussion of different scales and surveys used in other programs with a focus on this topic. Scales measuring general environmental behavior, just like items in surveys, tend to focus on behavioral intentions and are correlated with environmentally friendly attitudes. In contrast, emission-related behavior depends more on context and socio-demographic characteristics and is rarely asked in surveys. Gaps frequently occur between environmental attitudes and general behaviors—the value-action gap—and between environmental behaviors and the actual ecological consequences of actions—the behavior-impact gap. Finally, previous results and problems encountered in the validation of self-reports on environmental behavior are highlighted.

scholarly journals Big Five Facets’ Associations with Pro-Environmental Attitudes and Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Raymond Bryce Soutter ◽  
René Mõttus
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Environmental Attitudes ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Prediction Analysis ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Detailed Picture

Climate change mandates us to understand why individual’s (do not) act environmentally and personality traits are well suited for this purpose. Research has mostly focused on broad do-main-level associations between personality traits and pro-environmental behaviors and attitudes. In two datasets (N = 501 and 287), we examined whether facets provided a more detailed picture of these association. Some facets were found to be the main drivers of the do-main-level associations. Out-sample prediction analysis showed that facets collectively predicted pro-environmental attitudes (r = .50 to .52) and behaviors (r = .29 to .42), but domains matched them. Therefore, facets provided a greater understanding of traits’ association with pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors than domains, but no additional overall predictive power.

Determinants of Pro-Environmental Behaviors

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Lévy-Leboyer ◽  
Mirilia Bonnes ◽  
John Chase ◽  
Jose Ferreira-Marques ◽  
Kurt Pawlik
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Behaviors

Research teams in five countries (France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, UK) developed in common a comparative study on individual attitudes and behaviors towards the environment, and on the importance of environmental issues in the media of these countries. The sample was composed of 742 subjects, teachers and engineers. Results presented here focus on a cross-countries comparison of the media analysis and the questionnaire data. Important differences are observed between the level of pro-environmental behaviors and the nature of their determinants.

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